• 한국연초학회지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.12-23
• /
• 1992

This experiment was conducted to determine the optimum dosage of gamma rays for inducing artificial mutation of several mutant characters in the flue-cured tobacco. 1) In Hicks and BY 104, the gammarays irradiation has no significantly different effect on seed germination from the control. However, the average dosage for 50% growth inhibition was 25-30kr for all the varieties tested, which inhibition 46-52% and 43-57% of the seedling growths for Hicks and BY 104, respectively. 2) A mutant line 83H-5 was selected from Hicks by irradiation gamma ray at the level of 30kr. It has white flower, more resistance to bacterial wilt, Pssudomonas solanacearum, lower plant and stalk height, narrower leaf width, larger leaf shape index(lento width) and later days to flower when compared with the original variety Hicks. 3) White flower was recessive to pink flower in F, and Br (F1 X Hicks) progenies. F2 population of the cross gave segregation ratio of 3 pink flower:1 white flower, and B, (F1 X 83H-5) Population gave 1:1 ratio. Results showed that the white flower character is governed by a single recessive gene.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제48권5호
• /
• pp.388-391
• /
• 2003

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), TMV-common strain, causes severe damage at growth, yield and leaf quality on flue-cured tobacco in Korea. Controlling TMV outbreak with cultivating practices and chemicals are limited, thus, the best way would be developing TMV resistant variety. A new flue-cured hybrid, KF118, was developed from a cross of maternal parent MSTC175 and TC853 at the Agro-tech. Research Group, KT＆G Central Research Institute. KF118 exhibited more vigorous growth characteristics in early stage than that of NC82, standard variety in Korea, while other characters were favorable to those of NC82, It is highly resistant to TMV and bacterial wilt(Ral-stonia solanacerum), and black shank(phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae) is comparable to that of NC82. It should adapt well to the flue-cured production area, and can reduce premature flowering under unfavorable weather conditions. Yield of KF118 is 1 to 2% higher, and leaf quality is 4% higher than NC82. Fl hybrid, KF118, met acceptable standards for chemical and physical characteristics of cured leaf, and ranked high in good smoking taste by panel members in KT＆G.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.294-304
• /
• 2013

To improve the integrated pest management (IPM) of hot pepper, field study was conducted in Hwasung from 2010 to 2012 and an IPM system was developed to help growers decide when to apply pesticides to control anthracnose, tobacco budworm, Phytophthora blight, bacterial wilt, and bacterial leaf spot. The three field treatments consisted of IPM sprays following the forecast model advisory, a periodic spray at 7-to-10-day intervals, and no spray (control). The number of annual pesticide applications for the IPM treatment ranged from six to eight, whereas the plots subjected to the periodic treatment received pesticide 11 or 12 times annually for three years. Compared to the former strategy, our improved IPM strategy features more intense pest management, with frequent spraying for anthracnose and mixed spraying for tobacco budworm or Phytophthora blight. The incidences for no pesticide control in 2010, 2011, and 2012 were 91, 97.6, and 41.4%, respectively. Conversely, the incidences for the IPM treatment for those years were 7.6, 62.6, and 2%, and the yields from IPM-treated plots were 48.6 kg, 12.1 kg, and 48.8 kg. The incidence and yield in the IPM-treated plots were almost the same as those of the periodic treatment except in 2011, in which no unnecessary sprays were given, meaning that the IPM control was quite successful. From reviewing eight years of field work, sophisticated forecasts that optimize pesticide spray timing reveal that reliance on pesticides can be reduced without compromising yield. Eco-friendly strategies can be implemented in the pest management of hot pepper.

• 한국식물병리학회지
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.203-209
• /
• 1987

Pseudomonas solanacearum의 병원성균주 및 비병원성균주를 담배의 뿌리에 접종하여 그 잎과 줄기, 뿌리에서 P. solanacearum과 Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora, Escherichia coli에 대한 항균물질을 분리하였다. 담배즙액을 TLC plate에 발전시킨 결과 비병원성균주에 접종된 담배에서는 $R_f$ 0.6 부근에서, 병운성균주에 접종된 담배에서는 $R_f$ 0.9 부근에서 각각 항균물질을 분리할 수 있았다. 그러나 고압살균된 담배즙액배지에 병원성균주 및 비병원성균주를 3일간 배양한 배양여액에서는 항균물질의 생성이 인정되지 않았다. 비병원성균주 및 병원성균주에 접종된 담배잎에서는 무처리 담배에 비하여 peroxidase와 polyph-enoloxidase의 활성이 높았으나, 그 줄기와 뿌리에서는 효소활성의 차이가 없었다. 비병원성균주와 병원성균주로 처리된 담배 사이, 감수성품종인 BY4와 저항성품종 NC82 사이에도 두 효소의 활성과 동위효소형태의 차이가 없었다.

• 한국연초학회지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.104-115
• /
• 1992

The present study was conducted to compare the relative efficiency of four different breeding methods in tobacco varietal development. A single Fl hybrid plant from cross of two flue-cured cultivars of Nicotiana tabacum L Bright Yellow 4(BY4) and NC95, was selfed. F2population above cross was screened for resistance against bacterial wilt caused by Pseudommonas solanacearum E.F.Smith under the naturally infested field conditions, and the 30 lines were developed from F2 individual plant by anther culture (ADH), maternal method utilizing Nicotiana afpicana (MDH), single- seed descent(SSD) and Bulk breeding method, respectively. All characters except content of total alkaloids of ADH and MDH which wore bred by haploid methods reduced more than that of lines bred by conventional methods(SSD & Bulk) : however, the yields were 8% lower than other lines. The total alkaloid content of ADH was higher than that of MDH, and yield was reduced about 4n even though the number of leaf was identical with the MDH. All other characters of ADH were also reduced significantly. In the lines bred by conventional methods, population developed by SSD showed significantly wider leaf width, shorter plant height, later days to flower, and lower in percent reducing sugar than those by Bulk. The populations derived from haploid method showed greater phenotypic variance and wider range of variation than conventionally developed ones. The results obtained indicate that selection will provide a significantly greater genetic gain for leaf number and leaf length in the ADU and MDH populations, and for plant height and days to flower in the SSD and Bulk populations.

• 농약과학회지
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.230-236
• /
• 2006

선학초 (전초) 메탄올 조추출물이 오이 세균성모무늬병균인 Pseudomonas syringae pv. lacrymans, 토마토 풋마름병균인 Ralstonia solanacearum 및 담배세균성들불병균인 Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci에 대해서 항균활성을 나타내었다. 활성성분을 silica gel column 및 HPLC로 순수분리하여 LC-Mass 분석 결과 분자량 682.7을 갖는 물질로 추정 할 수 있었으며, 선학초에서 분리된 물질중 분자량 687.2를 나타내는 Agrimol A와 B를 구별하기 위하여 $^1H-NMR$, $^{13}C-NMR$ 스팩트럼 분석 결과 항균활성성분이 Agrimol B임을 확증할 수 있었다.

• 한국연초학회지
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.69-74
• /
• 2009

감자바이러스 Y(PVY)는 국내 황색종 산지에서 잎담배의 생육, 수량 및 품질에 있어서 매우 심한 피해를 일으키는 병으로서 이를 방제하기 위해서는 PVY 저항성 품종의 육성이 시급히 요구된다. KF120은 msKF117과 KF0007-7를 교배하여 육성된 $F_1$ hybrid 품종이다. msKF117은 NC82와 N. Africana를 교배하여 육성하였고, KF0007-7은 KF117과 NC82를 교배하여 육성하였다. KF120의 농경적 특성과 병저항성을 평가하기 위하여 2006 ~ 2007년 동안 생산력 검정시험을 수행한 결과 KF120은 KF109에 비하여 생육특성 및 수량성이 양호하였으며 수확엽수는 2매 정도 많았고 개화기는 2일정도 늦었다. KF120의 건조엽 수량은 KF109에 비하여 5% 정도 증수 되었으며 화학성분 및 물리성은 대등한 수준이었다. KF120은 KF109에 비하여 세균성 마름병과 역병에 대해서는 유사한 저항성을 가지고 있었으며, PVY에 대해서는 높은 저항성을 보였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제37권6호
• /
• pp.566-579
• /
• 2021

Ralstonia syzygii subsp. indonesiensis (Rsi, former name: Ralstonia solanacearum phylotype IV) PW1001, a causal agent of potato wilt disease, induces hypersensitive response (HR) on its non-host eggplant (Solanum melongena cv. Senryo-nigou). The disaccharide trehalose is involved in abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in many organisms. We found that trehalose is required for eliciting HR on eggplant by plant pathogen Rsi PW1001. In R. solanacearum, it is known that the OtsA/OtsB pathway is the dominant trehalose synthesis pathway, and otsA and otsB encode trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) synthase and T6P phosphatase, respectively. We generated otsA and otsB mutant strains and found that these mutant strains reduced the bacterial trehalose concentration and HR induction on eggplant leaves compared to wild-type. Trehalose functions intracellularly in Rsi PW1001 because addition of exogenous trehalose did not affect the HR level and ion leakage. Requirement of trehalose in HR induction is not common in R. solanacearum species complex because mutation of otsA in Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum (former name: Ralstonia solanacearum phylotype I) RS1002 did not affect HR on the leaves of its non-host tobacco and wild eggplant Solanum torvum. Further, we also found that each otsA and otsB mutant had reduced ability to grow in a medium containing NaCl and sucrose, indicating that trehalose also has an important role in osmotic stress tolerance.