• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.518-528
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• 1995

The immunohistochemical study has been performed on the distribution of receptors for various growth factors in the newly forming granulation tissues following the guided tissue regeneration procedures. Two specimens from 2 different patients were collected from the newly forming granulation tissues at 2 weeks following GTR procedures using Gore-tex menbrane and rubber dam, respectively. For immunohistochemical localization of each recptor, anti-platelet-derived growth factor $receptor-{\alpha}$, anti-platelet-derived growth factor $receptor-{\beta}$. anti-insulin-like growth factor receptor, anti-basic fibroblast growth factor receptor, anti-transforming growth $factor-{\beta}$ receptor and anti-fibronectin receptor were incubated onto the specimens as primary antibodies. After the reaction, FITC-conjugated second antibodies have been applied. When the total numbers of immunoreactive cells and the true positive cells were counted, there were high variability among receptors tested in the present study. The mean number of immunoreactive cells were highest in the case for anti-IFG-1 receptor. However the number of true positive cells were highest in the case for $TGF-{\beta}$ receptor. The present investigation indicated that the receptor for $TGF-{\beta}$ were stongly expressed in the newly forming granulation tissues following the guided tissue regeneration therapy.

• BMB Reports
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.250-255
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• 2011

In multicellular organisms, including humans, understanding expression specificity at the tissue level is essential for interpreting protein function, such as tissue differentiation. We developed a prediction approach via generated sequence features from overrepresented patterns in housekeeping (HK) and tissue-specific (TS) genes to classify TS expression in humans. Using TS domains and transcriptional factor binding sites (TFBSs), sequence characteristics were used as indices of expressed tissues in a Random Forest algorithm by scoring exclusive patterns considering the biological intuition; TFBSs regulate gene expression, and the domains reflect the functional specificity of a TS gene. Our proposed approach displayed better performance than previous attempts and was validated using computational and experimental methods.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.161-166
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• 1997

식용버섯류를 대상으로 혈액응고계를 활성화시키는데 주된 역할을 하는 것으로 알려진 단백질인 tissue factor에 대한 저해활성을 시험관내에서 측정하였으며 몇 가지 유기용매를 이용하여 추출분획을 조제하고 이들의 TF에 대한 저해활성을 비교 검색하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 검색된 버섯류의 메탄올 추출물들은 모두 TF에 대한 저해활성을 나타내었으며 특히 표고버섯은 비교적 강한 저해활성을 나타내었고 양송이버섯과 영지버섯 역시 TF 저해활성을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 양송이버섯의 메탄올 추출물의 $IC_{50}$은 in vitro에서 $1.30\;{\mu}g$이었고 영지버섯은 $4.32\;{\mu}g$, 표고버섯은 $0.25\;{\mu}g$으로 각각 조사되었다. 유기용매를 이용하여 용매분획을 실시하고 각 용매분획의 TF 저해활성을 측정한 결과 표고버섯의 에틸아세테이트 분획에서 강한 TF 저해활성이 확인되었고 영지버섯의 에틸아세테이트 분획에서도 TF에 대한 저해활성이 나타났으며 표고버섯의 에틸아세테이트 분획에서 얻은 결정성 물질 역시 TF를 저해하는 활성을 나타내었다. 모든 버섯의 물층에서는 활성이 확인되지 않았으며 영지버섯의 에틸아세테이트 분획의 $IC_{50}$은 $107\;{\mu}g$, 표고버섯의 경우 $770\;{\mu}g$의 값을 나타냈고 표고버섯의 에틸아세테이트 분획으로부터 얻은 결정성물질의 $IC_{50}$은 10.2 mg이었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권16호
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• pp.7205-7210
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• 2015

Background: In this study, influence caused by expression plasmids of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) short hairpin RNA (shRNA) on mRNA expression of CTGF,TIMP-1,procol-${\alpha}1$ and PCIII in hepatic tissue with hepatic fibrosis, a precancerous condition, in rats is analyzed. Materials and Methods: To screen and construct shRNA expression plasimid which effectively interferes RNA targets of CTGF and TIMP-1 in rats. 50 cleaning Wistar male rats are allocated randomly at 5 different groups after precancerous fibrosis models and then injection of shRNA expression plasimids. Plasmid psiRNA-GFP-Com (CTGF and TIMP-1 included), psiRNA-GFP-CTGF, psiRNA-GFP-TIMP-1 and psiRNA-DUO-GFPzeo of blank plasmid are injected at group A, B, C and D, respectively, and as model control group that none plasimid is injected at group E. In 2 weeks after last injection, to hepatic tissue at different groups, protein expression of CTGF, TIMP-1, procol-${\alpha}1$ and PC III is tested by immunohistochemical method and,mRNA expression of CTGF,TIMP-1,procol-${\alpha}1$ and PCIII is measured by real-time PCR. One-way ANOVA is used to comparison between-groups. Results: Compared with model group, there is no obvious difference of mRNA expression among CTGF,TIMP-1,procol-${\alpha}1$, PC III and of protein expression among CTGF, TIMP-1, procol-${\alpha}1$, PC III in hepatic tissue at group injected with blank plasmid. Expression quantity of mRNA of CTGF, TIMP-1, procol-${\alpha}1$ and PCIII at group A, B and C decreases, protein expression of CTGF, TIMP-1, procol-${\alpha}1$, PC III in hepatic tissue is lower, where the inhibition of combination RNA interference group (group A) on procol-${\alpha}1$ mRNA transcription and procol-${\alpha}1$ protein expression is superior to that of single interference group (group B and C) (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Conclusions: RNA interference on CTGF and/or TIMP-1 is obviously a inhibiting factor for mRNA and protein expression of CTGF, TIMP-1, procol-${\alpha}1$ and PCIII. Combination RNA interference on genes of CTGF and TIMP-1 is superior to that of single RNA interference, and this could be a contribution for prevention of precancerous condition.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.172-181
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• 2023

Purpose: To investigate the effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) with collagen matrix (CM) for increasing gingival thickness. Materials and Methods: In five mongrel dogs, bilateral gingival defects were surgically made on the maxillary canines. After two months, either a subepithelial connective tissue graft (group SCTG) or CM with EGF (0.1 ug/ml, group EGF) was grafted, and the flap was coronally positioned to cover the graft materials. The animals were sacrificed after three months. Intraoral scanning was performed for soft tissue analysis. Histologic and histomorphometric analyses were performed. Result: Two animals exhibited wound dehiscence during the healing phase, leaving three for analysis. No statistically significant difference was found in soft tissue changes (P>0.05). The level of gingival margin (GM) increased in both groups (1.02±0.74 mm in group SCTG vs. 1.24±0.83 mm in group EGF). Linear increases at the GM pre-augmentation in the soft tissue profile were 1.08±0.58 mm in group SCTG and 0.96±0.73 mm in group EGF. Histomorphometric parameters (keratinized tissue height, tissue thickness, and rete peg density) were not significantly different between the groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: EGF loaded onto CM led to comparable gingival phenotype enhancement to SCTG.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.209-212
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• 1993

The anti-coagulant activity of ilexoside D isolated from the roots of ilex pubescens Hook. et Am. was investigated in in vivo models of blood coagulation in rats. On oral administration, ilexoside D prolonged the bleeding time and the whole blood recalcified clotting time, but not the plasma recalcified clotting time. In vitor, ilexoside D did not affect the recalciffed clotting times of whole blood, platelet-rich plasma(PRP), and platelet-poor plasma(PPP), while in the presence of tissue factor the compound prologed the reduced proth-rombin times of whole blood, PRP and PPP in the dose-dependent manner. These results indicate that ilexoside D has the anit-tissue factor activity as well as the antithromobotic activity.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2009

Angiogenesis is essential for solid tumor growth and progression. Among the pro-angiogenetic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), also known as vascular permeability factor, is the most important as a mitogen for vascular endothelium. The VEGF family of molecules currently consists of six growth factors, VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGF-E, and placenta growth factor(PlGF). Over-expression of PlGF is associated with angiogenesis under pathological conditions such as ischemia, inflammation, and cancer. Hence, the goal of this study is to identify the correlation of clinicopathlogical factors and the up-regulation of PlGF expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma. We studied the immunohistochemical staining of PlGF, PlGF gene expression and a real time quantitative RT-PCR in 20 specimens of 20 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. The results were as follows. 1. In the immunohistochemical study of poorly differentiated and invasive oral squamous cell carcinoma, the high level staining of PlGF was observed. And the correlation between immunohistopathological PlGF expression and histological differentiation of specimens was significant (Pearson correlation analysis, significance [r] >0.6, P < .05). 2. In the PlGF gene RT-PCR analysis, PlGF expression was more in tumor tissue than in adjacent normal tissue. Paired-samples analysis determined the difference of PlGF mRNA expression level between the cancer tissue and the normal tissue (Student's t - test, P < .05) These findings suggest that up-regulation of the PlGF gene may play a role in progression and local metastasis in invasive oral squamous cell carcinoma.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.1456-1458
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• 2006

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.271-274
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• 2015

Background: To explore vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) and VEGF-D expression and its correlation with lymph node metastasis in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) tissue. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemical methods were applied to detect the levels of VEGF-C and VEGF-D expression in 64 surgicall removal ESCC tissues, tissues adjacent to cancer and normal tissues, and the relationship between VEGF-C and VEGF-D expression and lymph node metastasis was analyzed. Results: Both VEGF-C and VEGF-D were expressed by varying degrees in esophageal cancer tissue, the tissue adjacent to cancer and normal tissue, and the positive expression rate went down successively. The positive expression rates of VEGF-C (59.4%) and VEGF-D (43.8%) in esophageal cancer tissue were significantly higher than in the tissue adjacent to cancer (34.4%, 15.6%) and normal tissue (20.3%, 12.5%), respectively, in which significant differences were manifested (p<0.01). Positive expression rates of VEGF-C and VEGF-D in esophageal cancers with lymph node metastasis were markedly higher than without such metastasis (p<0.01), while those in the tissue with TNM staging I~II were markedly lower than that with TNM staging III~IV (p<0.01). Conclusions: Both VEGF-C and VEGF-D are highly expressed in ESCC tissue, which may be related to the lymph node metastasis of cancer cells. Hence, VEGF-C and VEGF-D can be clinically considered as important reference indexes of lymph node metastasis in esophageal cancer.

• Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.711-719
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• 2018

BACKGROUND: Collagen organization within tissues has a critical role in wound regeneration. Collagen fibril diameter, arrangements and maturity between connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) small interfering RNA (siRNA) and mismatch scrambled siRNA-treated wound were compared to evaluate the efficacy of CTGF siRNA as a future implement for scar preventive medicine. METHODS: Nanocomplexes of CTGF small interfering RNA (CTGF siRNA) with cell penetrating peptides (KALA and $MPG^{{\Delta}NLS}$) were formulated and their effects on CTGF downregulation, collagen fibril diameter and arrangement were investigated. Various ratios of CTGF siRNA and peptide complexes were prepared and down-regulation were evaluated by immunoblot analysis. Control and CTGF siRNA modified cells-populated collagen lattices were prepared and rates of contraction measured. Collagen organization in rabbit ear 8 mm biopsy punch wound at 1 day to 8 wks post injury time were investigated by transmission electron microscopy and histology was investigated with Olympus System and TS-Auto software. CONCLUSION: CTGF expression was down-regulated to 40% of control by CTGF siRNA/KALA (1:24) complexes (p<0.01) and collagen lattice contraction was inhibited. However, down-regulated of CTGF by CTGF $siRNA/MPG^{{\Delta}NLS}$ complexes was not statistically significant. CTGF KALA-treated wound appeared with well formed-basket weave pattern of collagen fibrils with mean diameter of $128{\pm}22nm$ (n = 821). Mismatch siRNA/KALA-treated wound showed a high frequency of parallel small diameter fibrils (mean $90{\pm}20nm$, n = 563). CONCLUSION: Controlling over-expression of CTGF by peptide-mediated siRNA delivery could improve the collagen orientation and tissue remodeling in full thickness rabbit ear wound.