• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.325-329
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• 1991

Changes in thermal conductivity of petiole tissue of Chinese cabbage during steam heating and salting were measured by probe method. The thermal conductivity($k_e,\;W/m{\cdot}K$) of the tissue decreased with the increase in gas content and the decrease in moisture content. The correlating equation. $k_e=0.0192$ MC-0.6284 $V_a-1.3252$, obtained over the range of moisture content(MC) of 92 to 96% and gas content($V_a$) of 0 to 0.15 ml/g cabbage at $30^{\circ}C$ The thermal conductivity of salted cabbage was about $0.04\;W/m{\cdot} K$ higher than that of raw cabbage at the same moisture content.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.1018-1024
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• 2008

The objective of this study is to compare the physicochemical properties and release characteristics of red ginseng (A) and tissue cultured mountain ginseng (B) extruded tissue cultured mountain ginsengs at barrel temperatures 110 (C) and $120^{\circ}C$ (D) to produce tissue cultured mountain ginseng-like comercial red ginseng by extrusion process. Extrusion process variables, water content and screw speed were fixed at 25% and 200 rpm, respectively. In the results, reducing and total sugar content were found to be relatively higher in A. The acidic polysaccharides content of B was the lowest among the ginseng samples. Acidic polysaccharide was increased 3 times by extrusion process. A and B were three times higher at maximum than C and D in polyphenolic compound. Polyphenolic compound content was relatively low by extrusion of ginsengs. Amino acid contents of B, C and D were $35{\sim}42\;{\mu}g/mL$; in contrast, A contained $25\;{\mu}g/mL$. The crude saponin content of C and D were higher than A and B.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.621-626
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• 2006

Purpose: Erythropoietin is traditionally known to regulate erythropoiesis, but recently its protective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury has been studied mainly in cardiovascular and neuronal systems. This study was planned to investigate the effects of recombinant human erythropoietin on ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat TRAM flap model. Methods: Superiorly based TRAM flap was elevated and ischemic insult was given for four hours. Thirty minutes before reperfusion, single dose recombinant human Erythropoietin(5000IU/kg) was injected via intraperitoneal route in the treatment group. At 24 hours postoperatively, systemic neutrophil count, tissue myeloperoxidase activity, malonyldialdehyde amount, nitric oxide content, tissue water content and histologic finding of inflammation was evaluated. On 10 days postoperatively, flap survival rate, angiogenesis and change in hematocrit level was evaluated. Results: Tissue nitric oxide level was significantly higher and myeloperoxidase activity was significantly lower in the treatment group 24 hours after reperfusion. Tissue water content was significantly lower in the treatment group. Perivascular neutrophil infiltration and intravascular adhesion was marked in the control group. Mean flap survival after ten days was 69% in the treatment group, and 47% in the control group, demonstrating a significant difference. Neovascularization in the treatment group also outnumbered the control group. No significant hematocrit rise was noted ten days after erythropoietin administration. Conclusion: Recombinant human Erythropoietin improved flap survival in ischemia-reperfusion injured rat TRAM flaps, at least partially owing to suppressed inflammation, increased nitric oxide, and enhanced angiogenesis.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.735-743
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• 2018

We investigated the effect of transforming growth factor beta 1 ($TGF-{\beta}1$) on equine hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) gene expression and hyaluronan (HA) synthesis in culture models of articular chondrocytes. Equine chondrocytes were treated with $TGF-{\beta}1$ at different concentrations and times in monolayer cultures. In three-dimensional cultures, chondrocyte-seeded gelatin scaffolds were cultured in chondrogenic media containing 10 ng/mL of $TGF-{\beta}1$. The amounts of HA in conditioned media and in scaffolds were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. HAS2 mRNA expression was analyzed by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The uronic acid content and DNA content of the scaffolds were measured by using colorimetric and Hoechst 33258 assays, respectively. Cell proliferation was evaluated by using the alamarBlue assay. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), histology, and immunohistochemistry were used for microscopic analysis of the samples. The upregulation of HAS2 mRNA levels by $TGF-{\beta}1$ stimulation was dose and time dependent. $TGF-{\beta}1$ was shown to enhance HA and uronic acid content in the scaffolds. Cell proliferation and DNA content were significantly lower in $TGF-{\beta}1$ treatments. SEM and histological results revealed the formation of a cartilaginous-like extracellular matrix in the $TGF-{\beta}1$-treated scaffolds. Together, our results suggest that $TGF-{\beta}1$ has a stimulatory effect on equine chondrocytes, enhancing HA synthesis and promoting cartilage matrix generation.

• ALGAE
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.369-377
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• 2005

Seashore joining with land and sea, which is typical habitat for marine macroalgae, is classified two types of shore as soft- and hard-bottom shore according to topographical (geological) and ecological features. We compared two of Ulva pertusa Kjellman from two contrasting habitats, sandy (soft-bottom, Haenam) and rocky shore (hard-bottom, Hadong) in terms of chlorophyll-a fluorescence and its parameters, and various photosynthetic pigment and nutrient content in the tissue of those. Both of habitats were different in the light environment such as light attenuation coefficient and even in nutrient concentration of ambient seawater. Electron transport rate (ETR) of Ulva from sandy shore was higher than from rocky shore. The range of photosynthetic pigment content in the tissue of U. pertusa was significantly much more in from sandy shore, and also nitrogen and phosphorus content were significantly higher except for carbon content. However, there were no significant differences in the ratio of among photosynthetic pigments, and N:P ratio was similar between each other, even though significantly different. Our result implied on the reason of why most of green tides in the worldwide concentrated and frequently occurred at sites with sandy, muddy and silty bottoms, being classified as soft-bottom shore.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.170-176
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• 2016

Superintendents have used a silicate fertilizer to improve a resistance of turfgrass against several diseases, drought damage and wear stress. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of liquid fertilizer containing silicate (LFSi) on changes of turfgrass quality and growth by investigating visual quality, chlorophyll content-chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll, root length, shoot length, dry weight of clipping, and nutrient content in leaves tissue. Treatments were designed as follows; control fertilizer (CF), SiF-1 (CF + $1ml\;m^{-2}$ LFSi), SiF-2 (CF + $2ml\;m^{-2}$ LFSi), and SiF-3 (CF + $4ml\;m^{-2}$ LFSi). As compared with CF, soil chemical properties, visual turfgrass quality, chlorophyll content, and dry weight of clipping of LFSi treatments were not significantly. Contrastingly, shoot density, root length, and the content of nitrogen or potassium were increased by application of LFSi. The content of Si in the tissue was positively correlated with potassium content or shoot length, and similarly shoot density positively with chlorophyll content or visual quality, respectively. These results suggested that the application of LFSi improved the turfgrass quality by increasing shoot density or K content in leaf tissue of creeping bentgrass.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.461-470
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• 1998

The effects of addition of water extract of pine needle(WEPN) on texture and cell wall polysac-charides content of kimchi during fermentation at 1$0^{\circ}C$ were investigated. Textural properties of hardness, gumminess and cohesiveness of kimchi were higher for WEPN-added kimchi than for the control during the entire fermentation periods, while its adhesiveness was lower. Alcohol insoluble substance, among cell wall polysaccharide fractions of kimchi was higher in WEPN-added kimchi than in the control but water soluble materals was high in control during fermentation periods. The separation phenomenon of middle lamella of control kimchi tissue was observed at 14th days of fermentation but WEPN-added kimchi showed at 21th days fermentation. The vasular of kimchi tissue was more destroyed in control than in WEPN-added kimchi.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 1969

Alkaloidal fraction, a principle of ginseng extract was administered to rats orally in the amount of 2.5 mg per day per 100 gm body weight continuously for eight weeks to assess the lipid content of the serum and liver tissue. The findings can be summarized as follows: 1. Total cholesterol contents of serum and liver tissue were found to decrease with the administration of ginseng alkaloidal fraction. 2. Phospholipid contents increased in the serum and decreased in the liver tissue with the administration of ginseng alkaloidal fraction. 3. Triglyceride contents of the serum as well as liver tissue increased with the administration of ginseng alkaloidal fraction during the first 4 weeks but decreased in the second 4 weeks to reach a level below that of the pre-experimental period.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.77-80
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• 1992

The essential oils of Elscholtzia ciliata and the cultivated tissue have been studied. The composition and contents of essential oils were identified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The main component of essential oils of E. ciliata was naginata ketone. The essential oils from the flowers, leaves and stems of E. ciliata showed similar patterns of gas chromatogram. In experimental studies on the tissue culture of callus, it has been found that NAA induced higher growth rate and higher content of essential oils than 2, 4-D. The essential oils from the cultivated callus showed different composition from that of mother plants.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.241-246
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• 2024

The study was carried out by numerical integration based on the diffraction properties and elemental composition. The elemental compositions of breast tissues in the literature were tested. The photon attenuation coefficients calculated using the recent elemental composition were found within 0.2-16% for adipose tissue and within 0.04-17% for glandular tissue with the experimental reference data. The attenuation coefficients of cancerous breast tissue calculated according to the elemental content previously measured in breast cancer patients were found within 0-17% with experimental data in the literature. The attenuation coefficients are of great interest to medical research. To calculate realistic attenuation coefficients, the characteristic coherent scatter, which is most intense at small angles, must be considered. For this reason, experimentally measured form factor data were reviewed, and the most compatible one with the theoretical form factor data produced in this study was used at low momentum transfer x (0 < x ≤ 8 nm^-1). The differential linear coherent scattering distributions were calculated for an energy value of 17.44 keV and compared with their experimental counterparts.