• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.152-152
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• 2009

We investigate micro-tip properties as Ni-Co plating and CMP processes for MEMS probe card and units. The micro-tip are fabricated by using Ni-Co plating machine, lapping machine, and chemo-mechanical polisher. In order to get high conductive and reliable micro-tip, we control Co contents and thickness by CMP speed. We have found that about 20-25% of Co contents are required and have to lapping speed of 30 rpm. Also, we investigate photolithography and Ni-Co plating processes conditions for the one-step and the three-step micro-tips.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.337-340
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• 2021

Full-thickness nasal tip reconstruction is a challenging process that requires provision of ample skin and soft tissue, and intricate cartilage structure that maintains its architecture in the long term. In this report, we describe reconstruction of a full-thickness nasal tip and ala defect using a posterior auricular artery perforator based chondrocutaneous free flap. The flap consisted of two lay ers of skin covering conchal cartilage, and was based on a perforating branch of the posterior auricular artery. A superficial vein was secured at the posterior margin. The donor perforator was anastomosed to a perforating branch of the lateral nasal artery. The superficial vein was connected to a superficial vein of the surrounding soft tissue. The donor healed well after primary closure. The flap survived without complications, and the contour of the nasal rim was sustained at follow-up 6 months later. As opposed to combined composite reconstructions using a free cartilage graft together with a small free flap or pedicled nasolabial flap, the posterior auricular artery perforator free flap encompasses all required tissue types, and is similar in contour to the alar area. This flap is a useful option in single-stage reconstruction of nasal composite defects.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1994년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.826-830
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• 1994

Making Brinell indentations facing each other near the crack tip is very effective method in increasing fatigue life. In this paper, fatigue test was performed after indentation to investigate the effect of thickness of specimen. The results show that fatigue lives increased my making indentation and retardation cycle is inverse proportional to thickness of specimen.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.1875-1882
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• 1993

Variable thickness plates are commonly used as structural members in the majority of industrial sectors. Previous fracture mechanics researches on variable thickness plates were limited to mode I loading cases. In practice, however, cracks are usually located inclined to the loading direction. In this respect, combined mode(mode I/II) stress intensity factors $K_{I}$ and $K_{II}$ at the crack tip for a variable thickness plate were obtained by 3-dimensional finite element analysis. Variable thickness plates containing a slant edge crack were chosen. The parameters used in this study were dimensionless crack $length{\lambda}$, slant $angle{\alpha}$, thickness $ratio{\beta}$ and width ratio{\omega}$. Stress intensity factors were calculated by crack opening displacement(COD) and crack sliding displacement(CSD)method proposed by Ingraffea and Manu.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.24-31
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• 2011

Performance of the asymmetric trapezoidal fin with various upper lateral surface slopes is investigated by using the two-dimensional analytic method. For a fin base boundary condition, convection from the inner fluid to the inner wall, conduction from the inner wall to the fin base and conduction through the fin base are considered. Heat loss and fin efficiency are represented as a function of the fin base thickness, base height, inner fluid convection characteristic number, fin tip length and fin shape factor. One of the results shows that heat loss increases while fin efficiency decreases as the fin shape factor increases.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.361-364
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• 2008

Tips of probe card were fabricated using MEMS technology. P-type silicon wafer with $SiO_2$ layer was used as a substrate for fabricating the probe card. Ni-Cr and Au used as seed layer for electroplating Ni were deposited on the silicon wafer. Line patterns for probing devices were formed on silicon wafer by electroplating Ni through mold which formed by MEMS technology. Bridge structure was formed by wet-etching the silicon substrate. AZ-1512 photoresist was used for protection layer of back side and DNB-H100PL-40 photoresist was used for patterning of the front side. The mold with the thickness of $60{\mu}m$ was also formed using THB-120N photoresist and probe tip with thickness of $50{\mu}m$ was fabricated by electroplating process.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.637-645
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• 2008

It is very hard to control the quality of coating work in shipbuilding process, because it is highly affected by several parameters such as space between object and nozzle tip, spray velocity, pressure, tip size, etc.. Even so a coating work in shipbuilding is done by workers' experience and skill as yet. It causes not only an excessive use of paints but also a decrease of productivity. In order to solve this problem, we developed a formula that predicts the film thickness and determined the proper coating pattern. Also we had done a series of experiments to verify the results of this study.

• Composites Research
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.207-212
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 유리강화섬유폴리머(GFRP)와 탄소강화섬유폴리머(CFRP)로 적층된 조류력 블레이드의 스파 캡(Spar cap)을 대상으로 끝단 처짐의 제한에 따른 단방향(UD) GFRP의 적층 두께를 최적화 하였다. 또한 도출된 적층 두께에 따른 블레이드 내부의 응력의 변화와 블레이드의 재료비용을 확인하였다. 비선형 최적화에 뛰어난 순차 이차방정식 프로그래밍(SQP) 알고리즘을 사용하였고, 목적함수를 계산하기 위하여 상용 유한요소해석 프로그램인 Abaqus/Standard와 연계하였다. UD CFRP의 적층 두께가 9 mm로 제한된 경우, 끝단 처짐이 감소함에 따라 UD GFRP의 적층 두께가 증가하였다. 즉, 최적화된 스파 캡의 무게는 최대 96.2% 증가였으며 최대 인장응력은 최대 24.6% 감소하였다. 끝단 처짐이 126.83 mm로 제한된 경우, UD CFRP의 적층 두께가 줄어듦에 따라 UD GFRP의 적층 두께가 증가하였다. 이로 인하여 무게는 최대 40.1% 증가하였지만 재료비용은 최대 16.97% 감소하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 블레이드 스파 캡의 최적화된 두께를 바탕으로 조류력 블레이드의 무게, 내부의 최대 응력과 재료비용의 상관관계를 제시하였다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.32-36
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• 1990

For the accurate measurements of hardness in a material, it is necessary to have a thorough understanding of the effects of test variables on the accuracy of hardness value. For the rebound hardness test, major test variables are the radius of hammer ball tip, type of backing materials, size and roughness of the specimen. In this study, effects of these variables on Equo-Tip hardness value were investigated. Hardness measurements were carried out using WC balls with various sizes of worn-ot zone. The sample materials chosen for the experiments were commercial standard hardness blocks and SM45C steel bars subjected to either normalization or quench and temper treatments. As backing materials, aluminum, steel and rubber plates were used in all the experiments. Experimental results show that for the accurate measurements of Equo-tip hardness, it is necessary to use the hammer ball with a worn-out zone parameter of less than 0.23, and the recommended minimum thickness and width of the specimen are 25mm and 70mm, respectively. Further for the surface preparation, the specimens need to be polished with an emery paper of No. 400 or finer, and for the backing matrials, it is recommended to use steels or rubbers.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.24-31
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• 1998

Variable thickness plates are commonly encountered in the majority of mechanical/structural components of industrial applications. And, as a result of the unsymmetry of the structure or the load and the anisoptropy of the materials, the cracks in engineering structures are generally subjected to combined stresses. In spite of considerable practical interest, however, a few fracture mechanics study on combined mode crack in a variable thickness plate have carried out. In this respect, combined mode I/III stress intensity factors $K_I$ and $K_III$ at the crack tip for a variable thickness plate were obtained by 3-dimensional finite element analysis. Variable thickness plates containing a central slant crack were chosen. The parameters used in this study were dimensionless crack length $\lamda$, crack slant angle $\alpha$, thickness ratio $\beta$ and width ratio $\omega$. Stress intensity factors were calculated by crack opening displacement(COD) and crack tearing displacement(CTD) method.