• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.107-124
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• 1997

These days the predictable problem of he housewives is the economic poverty if they don't provide for their old age themselves. The purpose of this study is to investigate some influencing factors related to the housewives' perceptions behaviors and counterplans for the old age. There were significnat differences on the preparatory behaviors for the old age according to the enviornmental variables and the buying styles and lifestyles. The receptions and the preparatory behaviors for the old age was shown a positive correlation r=4.2(p<0.01) The most influencial variables on the behaviors of the old age by the housewives were in the order of the behaviors of the old age by the housewives were in the order of the joining pensions the concerns of the counterplans for the old age the timing of the economic counterplans the lmpulsive buying style the pursuit of the information the energefic activity the perceptions of the elderly living the percetions of the elderly occupation and erceptions of the silver industry. The housewives of this study were in difficulties for the economic counterplans for the old age. The most difficult problems were their health and their economic situations.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.91-96
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• 1994

Intake gases other than air, which is composed of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and argon, are used to study their effects on the performance of the diesel engine experimentally. The engine is operated at constant speed and fixed fuel injection timing, and cylinder pressure and heat release rate are measured at various intake gas compositions. The results show that increase of oxygen concentration improves the performance of the engine generally. The adverse effect is observed when the oxygen concentration is increased over the critical oxygen concentration of this test, mainly because of the over-shortened ignition delay. Increase of carbon dioxide concentration degardes the performance of the engine, mainly due to the lower specific heat ratio of carbon dioxide. Adding argon gas to the intake gas improves the overall performance. Finally, it is found that two most influencing factors affecting the performance of the diesel engine in this study are ignition delay and speific heat ratio of the intake gas.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.128-139
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• 2000

Environmental concerns and shortage of petroleum have promoted considerable interest in the use of alternate fuels in stationary diesel engine. In this study, a heavy-duty, intercooler-turbocharged 6-cylinder stationary diesel engine was converted into stationary gas engine fueled with propane or natural gas for the cogeneration plants. One of the most important factors in the combustion features of a stationary gas engine is the fuel composition and operating parameters in terms of compression ratio, spark advance, and engine loads. Experiments with different fuel gas and load conditions were carried out with combustion pressure analysis and NOx measurement. Combustion analysis based on P-$\theta$ diagrams was also investigated by means of combustion duration and cycle variation. Compression ratio is 10.0 and ignition timing is set by using the gasoline setting as a base line and advanced toward BTDC. The results show that fuel composition and spark advance have dominant effects on combustion and NOx characteristics at operating conditions.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.145-162
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• 1992

This paper proposes two design principles for expert systems to solve a stock market timing (SMART) problems : machine knowledge and fuzzy post-adjustment, Machine knowledge is derived from past SMART instances by using an inductive learning algorithm. A knowledge-based solution, which can be regarded as a prior SMART strategy, is then obtained on the basis of the machine knowledge. Fuzzy post-adjustment (FPA) refers to a Bayesian-like reasoning, allowing the prior SMART strategy to be revised by the fuzzy evaluation of environmental factors that might effect the SMART strategy. A prototype system, named K-SISS2 (Knowledge-based Stock Investment Support System 2), was implemented using the two design principles and tested for solving the SMART problem that is aimed at choosing the best time to buy or sell stocks. The prototype system worked very well in an actual stock investment situation, illustrating basic ideas and techniques underlying the suggested design principles.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.23-31
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• 2000

Knock and misfire, kinds of abnormal combustion, are highly undesirable effect on the internal combustion engine. So, it is important to detect these avnormal combuition and control the ignition timing etc. to avoid these mal-effect factors in real engine system. In this study, the system which detects the knock and the misfire using by spark plug is presented. This system is based on the effect of modulation breakdown voltage(BDV) between the spark gaps. The voltage drop between spark plug electrodes, when an electrical breakdown is initiated, depends on the temperature and pressure in combustion chamber. So, we can detect knock and misfire that produce changes in gas temperature and pressure (consequently, its density) using by BDV signal change which carries information about the character of combustion.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2009년도 9th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.513-516
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• 2009

The cross-talk, which occurs due to the phosphor decay time, is a critical problem in the 3D PDP TV. First, we investigated the factors that affected the cross-talk in waveforms. After the investigation, we designed the driving waveforms for the 3D PDP TV. We also obtained a better result by controlling the driving timing of 3D active glasses.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.136-144
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• 2014

Besides single-nucleotide variants in the human genome, large-scale genomic variants, such as copy number variations (CNVs), are being increasingly discovered as a genetic source of human diversity and the pathogenic factors of diseases. Recent experimental findings have shed light on the links between different genome architectures and CNV mutagenesis. In this review, we summarize various genomic features and discuss their contributions to CNV formation. Genomic repeats, including both low-copy and high-copy repeats, play important roles in CNV instability, which was initially known as DNA recombination events. Furthermore, it has been found that human genomic repeats can also induce DNA replication errors and consequently result in CNV mutations. Some recent studies showed that DNA replication timing, which reflects the high-order information of genomic organization, is involved in human CNV mutations. Our review highlights that genome architecture, from DNA sequence to high-order genomic organization, is an important molecular factor in CNV mutagenesis and human genomic instability.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.93-112
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• 2003

This thesis reviewed following issues that are required in the policies and reaction strategies in the ubiquitous computing environment that continuously create domino effect of changes on the technology, services and business models. - Search for solutions in relation to timing difference of customer needs and emerging technology. - Deployment of management structure that is capable to adapt and react to environmental changes - Re-establishment or re-structuring of policies with the changes to portfolios. Thus, for the IT industry and ubiquitous computing strategies and policies which is based on intangble services and businesses that are accompanied with domino effect changes, must firstly consider above factors then establish the systematic architecture.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.105-120
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to examine dimensions related to effective managerial actions in association with effects of resourcefulness personal and managerial communications and condition s for effective home management on the basis of managerial process. Including elements of managerial process conditions for effective home management were divided into the four factors performance-condition dichotomy timing high level and middle range. In conclusion first the managerial process for effective management can be classified into the four conditions related to each other. That was termed as 'conditions for effective home management' Second the most influential variables on conditions for effective home management were personal and managerial communication. The four conditions for effective home management need to include communicaion. Third resuorcefulness was a crucial factor in relation to home management resources division. It is recommedned that resuorcefulness needs to de elop managerial actions of housewives.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.204-209
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• 2013

Implant-supported restorations were connected to commercially pure titanium endosteal implants 3 months in mandible and 6 months in maxilla after the implants were inserted into patient jaws. Modifications of titanium implant surfaces have reduced the waiting time for osseointegration, resulting in the development of the early loading concept, which is defined at present as a restoration in contact with the opposing dentition and placed at least 1 week after implant placement, but no later than 2 months afterward. Nowadays, immediate loading protocols have also been introduced, using the implants that are designed to enhance initial stability. Immediate loading eliminates the edentulous period of a patient. Although dentists widely accept these concepts of early and immediate loading, they agree the conventional loading concept is still necessary, which describes loading protocols later than 2 months after implant insertion. The timing of loading is determined mainly by the factors of a patient. This paper considers for what dental clinicians should be careful in implant-supported restoration procedures, considering the implant late failure.