• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산구조공학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.400-407
• /
• 2005

The reinforcing effect of modified structure of PSC beams is analyzed in this study. The PSC beams are closed by precast half panels embeding PS tendons at the bottom flange of I-bear The stiffness of box structure is larger and the PS force at half panels makes a time-dependent upward camber of superstructures. The superstructure becomes a second composite structure among 3 elements-PSC ben RC slab, PSC Panel. The time-dependent creep and shrinkage effect at PSC Panels and structural behavior is verified considering construction sequences. The optimal range of to-box reinforcing method is surveyed through reliability analysis.

• 터널과지하공간
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.175-184
• /
• 1999

현장에서의 체계적인 측정자료는 최적의 안전한 설계를 위한 중요한 정보라 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 미국의 방사성폐기물 저장 시설인 Waste Isolation Pilot Plant(WIPP)에서 수행된 현장 측정 기법들에 대해 고찰하였다. 또한 지하구조물의 시간 의존적인 복잡한 거동을 이해하기 위해서 필요한 측정기기의 설치와 측정에 대하여 논의하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제24권6호
• /
• pp.741-764
• /
• 2006

The time-dependent analysis of prestressed concrete bridges built adopting the incremental launching technique is presented. After summarizing the well known results derived from the elastic analysis, the problem is approached in the visco-elastic domain taking into account the effects consequent to the complex load history affecting the structure. In particular, the effects produced by prestressing applied both in the launching phase and after it and by application of imposed displacements and of delayed restraints during the launching phases are carefully investigated through a refined analytical procedure. The reliability of the proposed algorithm is tested by means of comparisons with reference cases for which exact solutions are known. A case study of general interest is then discussed in detail. This case study demonstrates that a purely elastic approach represents a too crude approximation, which is unable to describe the specific character of the problem.

• 한국해양공학회지
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.98-111
• /
• 1995

High temperature low cycle fatigue shows that cycle-dependent crack growth owing to cyclic plastic deformation occurred simultaneosly with time-dependent crack growth owing to intergranular deformation. Consequently, to estimate crack growth rate uniquely, many to investigators have proposed various kinds of parameters and theories but these could not produce satisfactory results. Therefore the goal of this study is focused on prediction of crack growth rate using predominant damage rule, linear cumulative damage rule and transitional parameter ${\Delta}J_c/{\Delta}J_f$. On the basis of these sinusoidal loading waveform at 600$^{\circ}C$ and 700$^{\circ}C$.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.87-96
• /
• 2004

소일시멘트는 자연 상태의 흙을 주원료로 시멘트, 혼합수를 배합하여 일반포장용 콘크리트에 준하는 강도를 발휘하는 특수콘크리트로서 최근 도로포장뿐만 아니라 연악지반 개량 동 여러 분야에 활용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 화강토 및 붕적토에 고화제를 첨가하여 일축압축강도의 특성 및 시간의존 거동을 규명하고자 하였다 연구 결과 일축압축강도는 시멘트 함량의 증가와 양생기간의 증가에 따라 뚜렷한 강도 증가를 타나내었으며 미 세립분이 많을 수 록 강도가 감소하였으며 X-선 회절 분석 결과 소일시멘트에서 반응생성물인 Vermiculite가 발견되었다 동적반복재하크리프 시험 결과 히스테리시스 곡선으로부터 재료의 동적특성인 복합전단컴플라이언스, 복합전단계수, 위상각을 구하였으며 재료의 동적특성으로부터 크리프 거동의 예측이 가능 하였다

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제26권5A호
• /
• pp.823-832
• /
• 2006

PSC 합성거더교의 사용성을 만족시키기 위해서는 사용하중 상태에서 구조물에 발생하는 응력과 변형을 정확히 예측하는 것이 필수적이다. 응력과 변형은 콘크리트의 건조수축과 크리프, 그리고 긴장재의 리락세이션에 의한 영향으로 시간에 따라 연속적으로 변화된다. 시간의존적인 영향의 중요성은 전체 구조가 일시에 제작되는 경우보다 단계별로 시공되는 프리캐스트 프리스트레스트 콘크리트 구조물에서 더욱 커진다. 본 연구에서는 기존 30 m PSC거더 표준단면을 이용한 PSC 합성거더교에 대해 긴장력 도입시기와 콘크리트바닥판 타설시기의 변동성을 고려한 장기거동해석을 수행하였다. 단순교와 연속교에 대해 시공단계별 장기거동 해석을 위한 PSC 합성거더교 전용해석프로그램을 개발하였으며 이를 이용하여 변수해석을 수행하였다. 시공단계별 변수해석결과를 토대로 PSC 합성거더교의 장기거동특성과 현행 프리스트레스 감소량과 관련된 현행규정의 적용한계성을 분석하였다.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.39-44
• /
• 2015

This paper presents the structural health monitoring (SHM) of Shanghai Tower. In order to provide useful information for safety evaluation and regular maintenance under construction and in-service condition, a comprehensive structural health monitoring (SHM) system is installed in Shanghai Tower, which is composed of a main monitoring station and eleven substations. Structural responses at different construction stages are measured using this SHM system and presented in this study. Meanwhile, a detailed finite element model (FEM) is created and comparison of results between SHM and FEM is carried out. Results indicate that the time-dependent property of concrete creep is of great importance to structural response and the measured data can be used in FEM updating to obtain more accurate FEM models at different construction stages. Therefore, installation of structural health monitoring system in super-tall buildings could be considered as an effective way to assure structural safety during the construction process.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제46권1호
• /
• pp.53-73
• /
• 2013

Prediction of prestressed concrete girder integral abutment bridge (IAB) load effect requires understanding of the inherent uncertainties as it relates to thermal loading, time-dependent effects, bridge material properties and soil properties. In addition, complex inelastic and hysteretic behavior must be considered over an extended, 75-year bridge life. The present study establishes IAB displacement and internal force statistics based on available material property and soil property statistical models and Monte Carlo simulations. Numerical models within the simulation were developed to evaluate the 75-year bridge displacements and internal forces based on 2D numerical models that were calibrated against four field monitored IABs. The considered input uncertainties include both resistance and load variables. Material variables are: (1) concrete elastic modulus; (2) backfill stiffness; and (3) lateral pile soil stiffness. Thermal, time dependent, and soil loading variables are: (1) superstructure temperature fluctuation; (2) superstructure concrete thermal expansion coefficient; (3) superstructure temperature gradient; (4) concrete creep and shrinkage; (5) bridge construction timeline; and (6) backfill pressure on backwall and abutment. IAB displacement and internal force statistics were established for: (1) bridge axial force; (2) bridge bending moment; (3) pile lateral force; (4) pile moment; (5) pile head/abutment displacement; (6) compressive stress at the top fiber at the mid-span of the exterior span; and (7) tensile stress at the bottom fiber at the mid-span of the exterior span. These established IAB displacement and internal force statistics provide a basis for future reliability-based design criteria development.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제12권5호
• /
• pp.413-426
• /
• 2012

In this paper, nonlinear static analysis of three-dimensional cable stayed bridges is performed for the time dependent materials properties such as creep, shrinkage and aging of concrete and relaxation of cable. Manavgat Cable-Stayed Bridge is selected as an application. The bridge located in Antalya, Turkey, was constructed with balanced cantilever construction method. Total length of the bridge is 202 m. The bridge consists of one $\ddot{e}$ shape steel tower. The tower is at the middle of the bridge span. The construction stages and 3D finite element model of bridge are modeled with SAP2000. Large displacement occurs in these types of bridges so geometric nonlinearity is taken into consideration in the analysis by using P-Delta plus large displacement criterion. The time dependent material strength and geometric variations are included in the analysis. Two different finite element analyses carried out which are evaluated with and without construction stages and results are compared with each other. As a result of these analyses, variation of internal forces such as bending moment, axial forces and shear forces for bridge tower and displacement and bending moment for bridge deck are given with detailed. It is seen that construction stage analysis has a remarkable effect on the structural behavior of the bridge.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.49-58
• /
• 1990

캔틸레버 시공법에 의해 가설되는 프리스트레스트 콘크리트 교량의 시간 단계별 장기 처짐을 정확하게 해석하지 위해 프리스트레스트 콘크리트의 시간 의존적 재료 특성과 캔틸레버 공법에 있어서의 분할시공 과정을 고려할 수 있는 해석 모델을 개발하고, 이에 기초하여 콤퓨터 프로그램을 작성하였다. 본 프로그램에서는 시간의 경과에 따른 콘크리트의 크리프, 건조 수축 및 탄성 계수의 변화 그리고 PS 강재의 리락세이션을 고려한다. 그리고 시공 단계별 세그먼트의 발생, 다단계 프리스트레싱 그리고 지점조건의 변화를 고려한다. 또한 철근으로 인한 단면의 강성 증가를 고려하고 전단변형의 영향을 고려하여 보다 정확하게 해석할 수 있도록 하였다. 본 프로그램을 이용하여 다경간 PS 콘크리트 교량을 해석함으로써, 프로그램의 실제 적용성과 캔틸레버공법에 의한 교량의 거동 특성을 규명하고자 하였다.