• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.369-375
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• 2017

One of good DF(Direction Finding) methods is based on TDOA(Time Difference of Arrival) estimation when finding underwater moving target. For small DF error, high time resolution A/D(Analog-to-digital) conversion board and long baseline are needed. But the result of sea trial about close-range and high speed moving target, spatial correlation coefficient and appeared poor properties below 0.3 when hydrophone arrangement are separated over 6 ${\lambda}$ because of underwater fading channel. And we also find out that the distance between hydrophone should be under 4 ${\lambda}$ apart to take advantage of spatial correlation coefficient gain and performance of DF in underwater moving channel environments.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.167-177
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• 2007

Purpose: This cross-sectional survey research was undertaken to identify the factors influencing time from onset to hospital arrival of stroke patients and to provide basic information for the development of intervention programs for stroke patients. Methods: The data were collected using a convenient sampling method from three hospitals in Inchon. The subjects were 78 patients who were diagnosed as stroke by doctor and they voluntarily participated in the study. Results: On the average, subjects arrived at the hospitals by 16.72 hours after the onset of stroke events with the range from 0.17 hours to 72 hours. Thirty-four(43.6%) subjects arrived within 3 hours which can maximize treatment effects. There was significant difference in hospital presentation time according to the level of knowledge(${\chi}^2=18.629$, p=.0003). A negative correlation was found between the hospital presentation time and self-efficacy (r= -.320, p=.004). Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor was self-efficacy. Self-efficacy, the level of knowledge and physical symptoms were significant factors and accounted for 21.7% of the variance of hospital presentation time in stroke patients. Conclusion: According to the results, self-efficacy is a useful concept for reducing the hospital presentation time from onset of attack in stroke patients. Therefore, nurses should consider educational programs which include not only a knowledge of stroke and recurrence prevention but also the concept of self-efficacy.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 갈수시 하천에 순간적으로 유입되는 오염물질에 대해 댐방류량 변화에 따른 플러싱 효과를 분석하였다. 한강하류부(잠실수중보${\sim}$신곡수중보)에 RMA-2 및 RMA-4 모형을 적용하였으며, 유로특성을 반영할 수 있도록 종확산계수는 $50m^2/s$을 사용하였다. 댐방류량은 1시간동안 $500m^3/s,\;1000m^3/s,\;1500m^3/s,\;2000m^3/s$로 변화시켰으며, 갈수시 유량은 $200m^3/s$로 고정하였다. 정체되어 있는 경우와 순간적으로 유입되는 경우, 성산대교 부근에서 농도가 1ppm 이하로 떨어지는 시간을 각 유량별로 분석하였다. 댐방류량이 증가할수록 희석시간이 단축되는 것을 알 수 있었고, 댐방류량과 희석시간이 선형관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 순간적으로 유입된 오염물질이 정체된 오염물질의 경우보다 댐방류량에 민감하게 영향을 받으며, 댐방류량에 의한 플러싱을 시도할 경우에는 본류의 오염물질이 지류로 역류하는 범위를 파악할 수 있었다.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 International Symposium on GPS/GNSS Vol.2
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• pp.217-222
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• 2006

To find a location, GPS has been wildly used. But, it is hard to use in indoor because of very weak signal level. To meet indoor requirements, there have been many studies applying wireless communication networks such as WLAN, UWB and ZigBee. Among these, ZigBee is widely adopted in many WSN applications because it has an advantage of low-power and low-cost. In ZigBee, the RSSI is used as range measurement for ad-hoc network. The RSSI are converted to ranges using the signal attenuation model and these ranges become inputs of positioning methods. The obtained position with RSSI has large error because of its poor accuracy. To overcome this problem, ultrasonic sensors are added in many researches. By measuring the arrival time difference of ZigBee and ultrasound as a range measurement, the precise position can be found. However, there are still many problems: scheduling of beacons to transmit signals in a correct order, addition and synchronization of beacons and low-rate positioning rate. At this paper, an efficient method to solve these problems is proposed. In the proposed method, a node transmits ZigBee and ultrasound signal simultaneously. And beacons find the range with the received signals and send it back to a node with ZigBee. The position is computed in a node with the received ranges. In addition, a new positioning algorithm to solve the risk of the divergence in the linearization method and the singularity problem in the Savarese method is presented. Both static and dynamic experimental results show 0.02m RMS errors with high output rate.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.1468-1473
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• 2013

This paper dealt with the propagation characteristics of acoustic signals produced by partial discharges and the positioning of PD origin in insulation oil to develop insulation diagnostic techniques of oil-immerged transformers. Electrode systems such as needle to plane, plane to plane, and particle electrodes were fabricated to simulate some defects of power transformers. In addition, the frequency spectrum and propagation characteristics of acoustic signals with partial discharge (PD) in insulation oil were analyzed. Although there were differences based on the type of defect, the frequency spectra of the acoustic signals measured by wide and narrow band acoustic emission (AE) sensors were distributed in the range of 50 kHz-400 kHz. Therefore, a narrowband AE sensor is suitable for the diagnosis of oil-immersed power transformers. We could find the position of the PD source with an error margin of 10% in the experiments by calculating the position of the PD occurrence using the time difference of arrival measured by five AE sensors.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume II
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• pp.969-972
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• 2006

The long-range High-Frequency (HF) ocean radar system has observed surface velocity field in the upstream of the Kuroshio north of Ishigaki Island and east of Taiwan since 2001. Applying a new method to extract geostrophic velocity component from the HF surface velocity data with the aid of satellite-born wind data, time series of daily surface geostrophic velocity field has been determined. Despite limited width of the study area of the HF radar, analysis of the sea surface height anomaly determined from the satellite altimetry data in a wider area can provide estimated dates of arrival of mesoscale eddies in the study area of the HF radar. Variations of the Kuroshio position and strength are studied in detail for these cases of interaction with mesoscale eddy, although number of occurrence of direct interaction with the Kuroshio in the study area is not statistically enough. For example, when an anticyclonic eddy approaches to the Kuroshio, the Kuroshio axis is found tend to move northward, keeping away from the approaching eddy from the east.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.63-74
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• 2017

Recently in the area of ICT, the M2M and IoT are in the spotlight as a cutting edge technology with the help of advancement of internet. Among those fields, the smart home is the closest area to our daily lives. Smart home has the purpose to lead a user more convenient living in the house with WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) or other short-range communication environments using automated appliances. With an arrival of the age of IoT, this can be described as one axis of a variety of applications as for the M2H (Machine to Home) field in M2M. In this paper, we propose a novel technique for estimating the location of a terminal that freely move within a specified area using the RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) in the WLAN environment. In order to perform the location estimation, the Fingerprint and KNN methods are utilized and the LMS with the gradient descent method and the proposed algorithm are also used through the error correction functions for locating the real-time position of a moving user who is keeping a smart terminal. From the estimated location, the nearest fixed devices which are general electric appliances were supposed to work appropriately for self-operating of virtual smart home. Through the experiments, connection and operation success rate, and the performance results are analyzed, presenting the verification results.

• 한국지열·수열에너지학회논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2018

This study compared constant water bath performances of conventional water-cooled refrigerator and electric heater with an air-cooled VRF chiller and electric heater equipped with optimal control algorithm. In heating mode, the air cooled VRF chiller and electric heater combination reduced the set temperature arrival time by an average of 42 minutes, and energy was also reduced by 18%. In cooling mode, the two systems took 70 minutes to reach the set temperature and showed no difference. Energy was reduced by 33.5% with the new system. For constant temperature maintaining experiment, after reaching the set temperature of $15^{\circ}C$, $20^{\circ}C$ and $22^{\circ}C$, temperature deviations were all in the range of $-0.2^{\circ}C$ to $+0.1^{\circ}C$. Energy was reduced by an average of 84.9%. Through this study, possibility of precise temperature control by an air cooled VRF chiller system was confirmed.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2001

126-kHz양상태 해수면 음파산란 측정을 강원도 삼척시 연안에서 수행하였다. 수평입사각을38％, 52％로 고정시킨 상태에서 트랜스듀서와 청음기의 거리를 변화시키면서 산란각의 변화에 따른 전방산란 신호의 변화를 관찰하였다. 해저면 산란신호와는 달리 해수면 산란신호는 해수면 유동성에 의해서 도달시간 변이와 진폭의 변이를 나타내었으며 신호간의 상관관계도 불규칙적인 경향을 나타내었다. 전방산란강도를 계산하여 Kirchhoff approximation (KA)과 small slope approximation (SSA)을 비교한 결과 두 모델 모두 실측치와 잘 일치하였다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.645-651
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 해양음향 토모그래피를 위한 개선된 빔형성 역산 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 역산 기법은 음속 구조 역산을 위해 음파도파관의 특성을 나타내는 군속도와 위상속도의 상관성을 이용한다. 군속도와 위상속도는 수신 신호의 도달시간 및 도달각에 의해 계산 가능하며, 이를 위해 빔형성 신호처리를 사용하여 수신신호의 도달시간 및 도달각 분석을 수행한다. 본 논문에서는 제안된 알고리즘을 사용한 동해 음속구조 역산모의 결과를 서술하였으며, 연구 결과 제안된 빔형성 해양음향 토모그래피 역산 방법을 사용해 동해의 음속 구조 역산이 가능함을 확인할 수 있다.