• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.225-236
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• 2023

Stomatal traits such as stomata density (SD), aperture length (APL) and width (APW), guard cell length (GCL) and width (GCW), and distance between stomata (DIS) were investigated to identify correlation with agronomic traits for 35 Korean wheat cultivars. Flag leaf width (FLW) of Korean wheat cultivars was the widest in Ol-mil, and the narrowest in Keumkang. SD tended to be higher on the adaxial side than on the abaxial side in Korean wheat cultivars. SD of adaxial and abaxial sides was classified into a cultivar with a significantly different or not. In APL, 18 wheat cultivars showed significant differences according to leaf side, and APL of adaxial was longer than APL of abaxial in 13 wheat cultivars. In APW, 15 wheat cultivars showed a significant difference, and APW of abaxial was wider than APW of adaxial among them. In GCL, 14 wheat cultivars showed a significant difference, and the GCL of abaxial was longer than the GCL of adaxial in 10 wheat cultivars. In GCW, 10 wheat cultivars showed a significant difference, GCW of adaxial was wider than GCW of abaxial and in 6 wheat cultivars. FLW of adaxial and abaxial showed a negative correlation with GCL and a positive correlation with grain number per panicle. FLW of only abaxial showed a positive correlation with DIS. The SD of the adaxial showed a negative correlation with GCL, while the SD of the abaxial showed a negative correlation with APL. APL of both sides of the leaf showed a positive correlation with GCL, and APW of only abaxial showed a negative correlation with GLC. DIS of adaxial showed a negative correlation with tiller number (TN), while DIS of abaxial showed a positive correlation with GNP.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.483-497
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• 2016

무인항공기 영상은 작물의 생육단계에 따라 고해상도로 신속한 수집이 가능하기 때문에 정밀농업 관리를 위한 공간 변이 분석에 활용되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 무인항공기를 이용한 최적 식생지수를 선정하여 맥류 작황 추정식을 유도하는 것이다. 무인항공기 영상은 맥류 생육 기간인 2월 하순부터 6월 하순까지 6회에 걸쳐 촬영하였으며, 같은 기간 동안 5개 품종(큰알보리, 흰찰쌀보리, 새찰쌀보리, 금강밀, 조품밀)을 대상으로 휴대용 분광복사계를 이용하여 현장분광반사율을 측정하고 초장, 지상부건물중, 단위면적당 경수 등 생육인자를 조사하였다. 그 결과, 6개의 식생지수 중 RVI, NDVI, NGRDI 및 GLI가 생육인자와 높은 상관관계를 나타내었다. 또한 현장 생육조사 자료를 사용하여 식생지수와 생육인자의 비교를 시도하였다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.83-93
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• 2008

In order to save labor and cost, direct seeding has been considered as an important alternative to the machine transplanting in rice cultivation. Current direct seeding machines for rice in Korea drill irregularly under various operating conditions. This study was conducted to develope a precision seeder which enables the accurate, even-spaced in row placement of rice seeds at uniform depths of 3-4 cm on dry paddy. Design, construction and performance evaluation of the precision seeder were carried out. The tractor rear-mounted type 8-rows precision seeder which performs seeding in addition to fertilizing, ditching, and rotary tilling works on dry paddy was developed. Main components of the seeder were ditcher and leveller, rotary tiller, powered roller type furrow opener, seeding device, powered roller type furrow covering and firming device, hydraulic unit, seeding speed control system, power transmission system, hitch and frame. Ditching, furrow opening, and seed covering and firming performances were good and seeding depths of 2-4 cm could be maintained. Planting accuracies and planting precisions were within 13.6%, and 31.2%, respectively, for planting space of 15 cm, and seeding velocity of 0.5 m/s. These mean variations of average planting space were within 2.1 cm, and 90% of seeds in a hill were seeded within 4.7 cm of hill length, respectively. Error ratios between setting planting space and measured average planting space were shown within 6.7%. Therefore the seeder showed good planting performance up to seeding velocity of 0.5 m/s in field tests. And field capacity of the seeder was about 0.28 ha/hour.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.77-84
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• 1988

This experiment was conducted to investigate the morphological and structual characters and the dry weight of plant (DW/pl.) concerned vegetational structure of orchardgrass pastures by the times of year, from 1 year to 7 year previous, 1986 through 1980, alternately. this experiment was carried out on the experimental fields of Yonsei University. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Population density (PD) was extremely decreased by the times of year. 2. Pasture productivity was highest at 3 year old pasture, was lowest at 5 year old pasture and was recovered at 7 year old pasture. 3. Recovery of pasture productivity was followed the increase of dry weight of plant (DW/pl.) and number of tillers per plant (NT/pl.) 4. The population density of 7 year old pasture was 14 plants per square meter. 5. The number of tillers per plant (NT/pl.), dry weight of plant (DW/pl.) plant length (PL), and plant size (PS) was frequently showed the highest values by the times of established year. 6. The stubble diameter (DIA), stubble area (SB), plant size (PS), distance between neibour plant (DIS) and leaf area index (LAI) was increased according to the times of year. 7. The dry weight of plant (DW/pl.) was positively significant correlations with the number of tillers per plant (NT/pl.) all of the established pastures, but the dry weight of a tiller (WT) was tended to increase of correlations with the dry weight of plant (DW/pl.) by the times of year. 8. Differences between morphological and structual characters was recognized according to the times of year.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.397-403
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate the present status of subsoil compaction, and subsoil compaction management in orchard as a basic study for developing a self-propelled explosive subsoiler. Subsoil compaction was evaluated using the soil penetration resistance. Soil cone index was measured using the DIK 5520 type cone penetrometer in several fruit farms such as apple, pear, peach and grapes during growing seasons of these fruit in Jecheon, Gamgok, Choongju, Cheonan and Hwasung areas. Most of the subsoil managing machinery were either explosive type or digging type attached to the tractor or power tiller and turning radius of this machine was more than 3-5 m. Many of the farmers wanted to use the subsoiler which can put lime into soil and rupture soil at the same time. For most of the orchard fields, soil penetration resistance in vehicle traffic area was increased quickly and reached about 1.0 MPa in 5 cm soil depth. As the soil depth increased to 15-20 cm, cone penetration resistance reached about 2.0-2.5 MPa which restricted root growth seriously. Thus it was concluded that one of the main reason for increasing the soil compaction in orchard fields is agricultural vehicle traffic. In the vicinity of fruit trees, compaction is not so serious compared to that of the vehicle traffic area, but as the soil depth increased to 20-25 cm, in most of the orchard fields soil penetration resistance reached about 2.0-2.5 MPa which is the root growth-limiting value. Considering the rooting depth of fruit trees which ranged 30-60 cm for apple, pear and peach, and 20-30 cm for grape, it is necessary to loosen the subosoil and improve the subsoil conditions using subsoiler.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.127-136
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• 2001

잔디밭에 문제시되는 1년생 화본과 잡초인 바랭이(Digitaria sp.)의 종내 및 종간 변이성을 D. ischaemum과 D. Sanguinalis의 5개 지역종을 대상으로 생육상과 포장조건에서 알아보았다. 포장실험결과 D. sanguinalis와 D. ischaemum의 종내 또는 종간의 잎의 길이와 폭 등을 포함한 형태적 형질에 관련된 유의한 변이성이 관찰되었다. 하지만, 표현형적 변이성에는 실질적 차이는 인정되지 않아 포장조건에서 최초발아시기는 종간 또는 지역종에 관계없이 동일하였다. 4가지의 주야간 온도 차이(25/$25^{\circ}C$, 27.5S/22.5$^{\circ}C$, 30/2$0^{\circ}C$, 15/35$^{\circ}C$)로 조절된 생육상 조건의 실험에서 각 바랭이 종의 발아소요일수에 관한 종간 또는 종내의 변이성은 없었다. 따라서, 잔디밭에서 효율적인 바랭이 방제를 위해 특정지역에서 최초 발아시기에 관련된 예측모델은 타 지역에도 동일하게 적용 가능할 것으로 생각된다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.149-160
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• 2014

Plant breeders have focused on improving plant architecture as an effective means to increase crop yield. Here, we identify the main-effect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for plant shape-related traits in rice (Oryza sativa) and find candidate genes by applying whole genome re-sequencing of two parental cultivars using next-generation sequencing. To identify QTLs influencing plant shape, we analyzed six traits: plant height, tiller number, panicle diameter, panicle length, flag leaf length, and flag leaf width. We performed QTL analysis with 178 $F_7$ recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a cross of japonica rice line 'SNU-SG1' and indica rice line 'Milyang23'. Using 131 molecular markers, including 28 insertion/deletion markers, we identified 11 main- and 16 minor-effect QTLs for the six traits with a threshold LOD value > 2.8. Our sequence analysis identified fifty-four candidate genes for the main-effect QTLs. By further comparison of coding sequences and meta-expression profiles between japonica and indica rice varieties, we finally chose 15 strong candidate genes for the 11 main-effect QTLs. Our study shows that the whole-genome sequence data substantially enhanced the efficiency of polymorphic marker development for QTL fine-mapping and the identification of possible candidate genes. This yields useful genetic resources for breeding high-yielding rice cultivars with improved plant architecture.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.501-505
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• 1991

Solid형 맥류의 사이레지 적성 판단을 위한 기초 연구로서 환경적 및 품종간 간의 특성과 solidness를 검토코자 포장과 온실에 추파하여 출수기에 각 절간중간부위 단면의 solidness 정도와 각 정간중의 공기 체적을 조사한 결과 1. Solid 맥류는 간벽이 두껍고 pith가 간의 내부로 차게 되어 절간중 공기 함유량이 줄어들어 Solidness가 증가되었다. 2. Solid 정도는 hollow 품종인 보통밀 원광이 14.6%, 트리티케일의 신기호밀이 15.0%인데 비하여 Solid 품종인 듀럼밀은 77.0-100%, 빵밀은 61.0-95.8%, 트리티케일은 18.7-37.0%로 맥종간 품종간 변이가 컸다. 3. 듀럼밀인 Golden ball의 solidness 정도는 포장 재배 조건에서보다 온실재배 조건에서 높았고 절위별로는 상위절 일수록 그리고 주간에서보다는 분벽지에서 각각 높았다. 4. 줄기당 함유 공기용량은 hollow품종인 신기호밀이 4.85ml인데 비하여 solid 품종들은 1.01-2.3ml로서 매우 낮아 사이레지 가공시 암착효율이나 유산 발효면에서 유리할 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.14-22
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• 1989

벼 잎집무늬마름병에 대하여 저항성반응이 다른 품종을 시험하여 병균접종구, 자연구 및 약제방제구를 두어 병 발생에 의한 수량감소률의 품종간 차이를 2년간에 걸쳐 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 시험한 품종 중에서 가야벼는 병균접종구나 자연구에서의 발병정도가 가장 낮았으며 태백벼, 관악벼 및 Labelle은 균발생이 심하였고, 약제방제구에서는 병이 거의 발생하지 않았다. 2. 중반저항성품종인 가야벼는 2년간에 걸쳐 병균접종구 및 자연구에서의 수량감소률이 0.3∼5％로 공시품종 중에서 가장 낮았으며 이병성품종인 태백벼는 6.8∼25.8％로 가장 높았고 관아벼와 Labelle도 각각 10％내외의 수량감소률을 보였다. 3. 시험품종의 저항성정도에 관계없이 동일한 품종내에서 잎집무늬마름병의 병반이 지엽까지 진전된 분얼경에서는 등숙비육과 정조천립중이 감소하여 건전경에 비하여 이삭무게가 25％이상 감소하였다. 4. 잎집무늬마름병에 대하여 상위엽으로의 병반진전이 더디게 되었기 때문에 수량감소율이 낮았다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.347-351
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• 2000

Rye has been a major winter forage crop in Korea. Varietal improvement of rye has been practiced either by hybrid or population breeding systems. Hybrid breeding offers important advantages over population breeding since it is normally a cross-pollinated crop. The hybrid breeding in rye has been possible since cytoplasmically inherited forms of male sterility (CMS) and corresponding nuclear restorer genes were found. The objectives of this research were to develop the maintainer and restorer lines of Korean inbred lines and to estimate the effect of 'Pampa' type of CMS cytoplasm on yield and its related characteristics. For easy discrimination of male-sterile status of plants, anther scoring and the restore index system in which seed-setting and pollen quantity of viability were taken into account were established. High significant correlation between pollen quantity and pollen viability was found. For "Pampa" cytoplasm, four of 14 Korean inbred lines tested turned out to be a maintainer but no restorer was found. But for "235b" CMS cytoplasm, seven inbred lines acted as complete restorers. The Korean inbred rye lines acted mainly as maintainers in "Pampa" cytoplasm but acted mainly as restorer in "235b" cytoplasm. The 'Pampa' cytoplasm inducing male sterility reduced cohn length and plant height and increased the number of tiller, so forage yield and grain yield were enhanced. However, heading date was slightly delayed compared to the normal cytoplasm.elayed compared to the normal cytoplasm.