• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.46-54
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• 2001

These studies were carried out to investigate the toxicities of 33 registered insecticide to the American serpentine leafminer, Liriomyza trifolii. Insecticidal activities were evaluated by testing systemic action and residual effect in the laboratory, and control efficacy and phytotoxicity in the greenhouse. All insecticides used in this study did not effect on the egg of L. trifolii, although spinosad showed 70% of egg-hatch suppression. For L. trifolii larvae ($2{\sim}3$ instar), the insecticides with over 95% of insecticidal activity were abamectin, cartap, cyromazine, emamectin benzoate, diflubenzuron + chlorpyrifos. The Insecticide what showed over 90% of insecticidal activity or neonate larvae were abamectin, cartap, emamectin benzoate, diflubenzuron + chlorpyrifos and milbemectin. Only cartap + buprofezin showed over 95% insecticidal activity against L. trifolii pupae. Almost insecticides used in this study little or not effected on the adult of L. trifolii. Emamectin benzoate and milbemectin showed moderate foliar systemic effects on eggs of L. trifolii (53.3, 47.9%, respectively). However, other insecticides showed little systemic effect. For larvae and adults, all insecticides showed low systemic effects. Insecticides with over 90% residual effect for 10 days were abamectin, emamectin benzoate and milbemectin (91.4, 90.4, 91.9%, respectively). In the control efficacy test on L. trifolii 90% of control values were obtained at 14th day after treatment of the insecticides including abamectin, cyromazine, emamectin benzoate and milbemectin. Cartap and cartap + buprofezin showed slight phytotoxicity on kidney bean leaf, however, other insecticides showed no phytotoxic effects. These results indicate that abamectin, emamectin benzoate and milbemectin can be used for tile control of L. trifolii in field.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 2001

The efficacy of petroleum spray oil (PSO; D-C Tron $Plus^{(R)}$) against spirea aphid (Aphis citricola) and two scales (lcerya purchasi and Planococcus cryptus) on citrus was tested in Jeju, Korea. The control value of 0.33% PSO against spirea aphid was over 90% at 3 and 6 days after treatment (DAT), and then decreased to about 80% at 9 and 14 DAT. Spraying of PSO (0.33, 0.66, 1%) against cottony-cushion scale showed a much lower control value (less than 50%) during the investigation period compared to that of the conventional pesticide (Methion). When used against tile scale, Planococcus cryptus, the control value of 1% PSO was 95%, but that of 0.33% and 0.66% PSO only ranged from 50 to 80%, lower than the conventional pesticide. The results of this study, as with a previous study, suggest that spraying of 0.33% and 0.5% PSO not only controls the spirea aphid, but also reduces the density of two scales (lcerya purchasi and Planococcus cryptus) on citrus tree in Jeju, without phytotoxic damage.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.36-45
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• 2001

This study was conducted to search new target enzymes of novel herbicide candidate. Total of 107 biochemical inhibitors reported to inhibit over than 100 different plant enzymes were purchased from commercial chemical companies. 15 inhibitors and 34 enzymes were selected by germination assay, seedling assay, wheat leaf disc assay, and whole plant assay. Among them, seven compounds of purine, phehyl-hydrazine, o-phenanthroline, oleylamine, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, 7,8-benzoquinoline, and aminooxyacetic acid showed high herbicidal activity in the whole plant assay under greenhouse while 7,8-benzoquinone, 8-hydroxyquinoline, 2,2'-dipyridyl, and o-phenanthroline inhibited seed germination of barnyardgrass, rice, and tomato at concentrations of 1.25 to $5{\mu}M$. The compounds of 7,8-benzoquinoline, chlorpromazine, cyanuric fluoride, 4-methylpyrazole, oleylamine, tranylcypromine, and trifluoperazine inhibited the growth of cyanobacteria at 30 to $100{\mu}M$. The compounds of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and chlorpromazine exhibited whitening effect on tile wheat leaf disc at $100{\mu}M$. These results suggest that the plant-specific enzyme inhibitors which have biological activities may supply the target enzyme for developing new herbicide candidate.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.286-295
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• 2008

Multimedia consumer electronics(CE) devices, such as MP3 players, PMPs, and digital cameras, are electronic equipments used to record, play or create multimedia data. Most multimedia CE devices provide uses with the ability to search multimedia stored in the device and browse the search results. One of the unique requirements in multimedia CE devices is that the search results displayed in the screen must be restored quickly when the device powers off and later back on. For this purpose, the existing methods (1) re-execute the original search query, and (2) move the cursor to the original position in the search results. However, this approach may be inefficient when the number of records in the result set is large. In this paper, we propose an efficient method for multimedia CE devices that can quickly restore the search results displayed in the screen when the device powers off and later back on. The proposed method can retrieve the original search results in the screen quickly by saving and loading some information about the query evaluation plan. Though the performance evaluation, we show that the proposed method provides excellent performance regardless of the number of records in tile result set or the original cursor position.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.237-246
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• 2005

A tip-over test of the 1/3 scale model is conducted to verify the tip-oner analysis of a dry concrete storage cask under a hypothetical accident condition. The tip-oner analysis is executed using the velocity at each point which are determined from the initial angular velocity as the initial conditions of the model just before the impact. To confirm the structural integrity of the canister of a dry concrete storage cask, the non-detective testing such as Liquid Penetrants testing and Ultrasonic Testing are conducted. The strains and tile accelerations acquired by the tip-over test are compared with those by the analysis to verify the tip-over analysis. The lid of a storage calk are plastically deformed at the impact point. Liquid

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.148-157
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• 2005

In order to understand distribution characteristics and pollution of heavy metals in the artificial Lake Shihwa in the vicinity of Kyunggi Bay in relation with huge environmental changes, various environmental samples including seawaters, surface sediments and settling particulate matters were collected from Lake Shihwa in 2004. Due to extreme pollutant discharge from various anthropogenic sources such as the Banweol and Shihwa Industrial Complexes and cities, the highest metal concentrations in the samples such as waters, sediments and settling particulate matter were found in inner part of the lake. High metal contents (Cu, Zn and Hg) in sediments were observed at Sts. 2-4 and 9. The contents of Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb in SPMs were high at St. 5 and low in the outer part of the lake. Spatial distribution of heavy metals were mainly controlled various biogeochemical factors and physical mixing as well as input of industrial and municipal wastewaters. Although tile environmental qualities of heavy metals in the lake have been improved partially due to inflow of outer seawater, it is not clear to reach a good environmental quality. Therefore, further environmental programs should be conducted continuously for environmental improvement.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.15-25
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• 1987

Statistical control charts are useful tools to monitor and control the manufacturing processes and are widely used in most Korean industries. Many Korean companies, however, do not always obtain desired results from the traditional control charts by Shewhart such as the X-chart, X-chart, X-chart, etc. This is partly because the quality charterstics of the process are not distributed normally but are skewed due to the intermittent production, small lot size, etc. In Shewhart X-chart, which is the most widely used one in Korea, such skewed distributions make the plots to be inclined below or above the central line or outside the control limits although no assignable causes can be found. To overcome such shortcomings in nonnormally distributed processes, a distribution-free type of confidence interval can be used, which should be based on order statistics. This thesis is concerned with the design of control chart based on a sample median which is easy to use in practical situation and therefore properties for nonnormal distributions may be easily analyzed. Control limits and central lines are given for tile more famous nonnormal distributions, such as Gamma, Beta, Lognormal, Weibull, Pareto, Truncated-normal distributions. Robustness of the proposed median control chart is compared with that of the X-chart, the former tends to be superior to the latter as the probability distribution of the process becomes more skewed. The average run length to detect the assignable cause is also compared when the process has a Normal or a Gamma distribution for which the properties of X are easy to verify, the proposed chart is slightly worse than the X-chart for the normally distributed product but much better for Gamma-distributed products. Average Run Lengths of the other distributions are also computed. To use the proposed control chart, the probability distribution of the process should be known or estimated. If it is not possible, the results of comparison of the robustness force us to use the proposed median control chart based on a normal distribution. To estimate the distribution of the process, Sturge's formula is used to graph the histogram and the method of probability plotting, $X^2$-goodness of fit test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, are discussed with real case examples. A comparison of the propose4 median chart and the X chart was also performed with these examples and the median chart turned out to be superior to the X-chart.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.103-111
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• 1979

For the effective utilization of the coastal fish resources in Korea, an investigation on the optimum processing conditions and the quality of a textured fish protein concentrate similar to the texture of animal meat has been carried out with the fish meat of Alaska pollack and mackerel. A noodle shaped product was prepared with the fish meat paste after the adjustment of pH and salt content. The product was soaked in $96\%$ ethyl alcohol to produce textured fish protein concentrate and then dried. The processing conditions were estimated with the rehydration capacity of the textured fish protein concentrate(FFC). The quality of the final product was evaluated with chemical composition, sensory test and texture measurement. The optimum pH and salt content of the fish meat for the processing of meaty textured FPC were 7.5 and $1.0\%$ respectively. The most effective soaking conditions were as follows:soaking time, 40 min. ; temperature of alcohol, 5 to $20^{\circ}C$;amount of alcohol, 4 times the weight of tile fish meat paste, number of soaking in alcohol, 4 times. The alcohol remaining in meaty textured FPC could be removed effectively by forced air drying. The yield and the contents of protein and lipid in the meaty textured FPC from Alaska pollack were $19.9\%\;84.3\%\;and\;0.5\%$ and those from mackerel were $29.8\%,\;78.1\%\;and\;3.6\%$ respectively. The content of essential amino acid in the meaty textured FPC from Alaska pollack and mackerel was not inferior to that of beef, textured soybean protein and FAO pattern. Beef meat can be substituted with the meaty textured FPC up to $50\%$ in processing meat balls withoutanysignificantlossinthetaste, ordor and texture.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.219-225
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• 1978

Several samples of tile dried purple laver grown and processed at the major laver producing districts, i. e Mokpo, Wando, Hadong and Jangrim, along the southern coast of Korea were Quantitatively investigated to determine composing patterns of the fatty acids by gas-liquid chromatography. The total lipid contents in dried purple laver of Hadong were $1.8\%$ being the highest value. Upon analyzing fatty acid composition, some differences were observed in their quantitative distribution at different growing places. Dried purple laver of Wando contained mainly $C_{16:0},\;C_{18:1},\;C_{16:1}\;and\;C_{17:0}$ fatty acids, that of Mokpo contained $C_{16:0},\;C_{20:5},\;C_{18:1}\;and\;C_{16:1}$ fatty acids, and that of Hadong $C_{16:0},\;C_{20:5},\;C_{18:0}\;and\;C_{20:1}$ fatty acids, and that of Jangrim $C_{20:5},\;C_{16:0},\;C_{18:1}\;and\;C_{18:0}$ fatty acids, each in order of acid quantity. In regard to the composing pattern of carbon number of fatty acids, the dried purple laver o Mokpo, Hadong, and Jangrim contained $C_{16},\;C_{18}\;and\;C_{20}$ fatty acids with the identical distributional pattern, while that of Jangrim contained $C_{16},\;C_{18}\;and\;C_{17}$ fatty acids as major components. Dried Purple laver of Jangrim contained especially high amount of $C_{20:5}$ fatty acids.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.165-170
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• 1981

Recently an unknown microbial desease and some parasitic crustaceans are prevailing in the sea-weed farms of Uudaria pinnatifida along the south-eastern coast of Korea.(1) Green spots probably caused by the microbial pathogens were found on the fronds of Undaira Pinnatifide. Particularly they were densely distributed on the distal half of the fronds. The tissues of the green spot area rot off, and small holes with green colored margin are formed. The holes at the distal part of the fronds are enlarged and they finally coalesced each other. Then this process accelerates decaying of the distal ends of the fronds.. The fronds growing in the central part of the farms are usually severely damaged, whereas in the marginal area of the farm toward the open sea side the damage is less serious. An examination revealed that the deseased fronds bore a number of viable bacteria, $6.8\times10^5\;to\;1.2\times10^6$ per gram at $15^{\circ}C$, whereas the healthy fronds $1.1\times10^4$. Twenty-six kinds of colonies, 247 strains of bacteria, were isolated from deseased fronds, belonging to Moraxella, Achromobacter, Vibrio, Flavobacterium, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, etc. (2) Pinholes occurred in one series on the frond. They were probably caused by a harpacticoid copepod, Thalestris sp. Seven years ago when the disease was first found to occur the copepod was observed on the fronds from March of the year. Recently, however, they have been found as early as December of the previous year. (3) A gammarid amphipod, Ceinina iaponica, invades the pith of the midrib through holdfast of thalli. This rarely causes the longitudinal seperation of the entire frond through the midrib as they bore a tunnel in the pith. Sometimes holdfasts of tile heavy damaged thalli make the frond departed from the substrate.