• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.818-823
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• 2012

Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) is an important cool season forage plant that is not well suited to extreme heat, salts, or heavy metals. To develop transgenic tall fescue plants with enhanced tolerance to abiotic stress, we introduced an alfalfa Hsp23 gene expression vector construct through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Integration and expression of the transgene were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction, northern blot, and western blot analyses. Under normal growth conditions, there was no significant difference in the growth of the transgenic plants and the non-transgenic controls. However, when exposed to various stresses such as salt or arsenic, transgenic plants showed a significantly lower accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances than control plants. The reduced accumulation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances indicates that the transgenic plants possessed a more efficient reactive oxygen species-scavenging system. We speculate that the high levels of MsHsp23 proteins in the transgenic plants protect leaves from oxidative damage through chaperon and antioxidant activities. These results suggest that MsHsp23 confers abiotic stress tolerance in transgenic tall fescue and may be useful in developing stress tolerance in other crops.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.1163-1167
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• 2011

Excessive alcohol consumption causes various degenerative brain diseases including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Absorbed ethanol is metabolized to acetaldehyde and acetic acid by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). Acetaldehyde is well known as a toxicant through generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, ALDH2 activity may play important roles in the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced brain diseases. In this study, we demonstrated the effects of ALDH2 enzyme activity on lipid peroxidation in brain tissues and urine of mice exposed to ethanol for 8 weeks. Five male, 8-week old Aldh2 (+/+) and Aldh2 (-/-) mice (C57BL/6J strain) in each group were exposed to ethanol for 8 weeks (2 g/kg wt./day) using gavage, and those in the control group received 0.9% saline alone. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level, a marker for lipid peroxidation, was measured in whole brain tissue and urine by high performance liquid chromatography. As a result, chronic ethanol treatment did not show any statistical change on the TBARS level of brain tissue in both Aldh2 (+/+) mice and in Aldh2 (-/-) mice. However, following ethanol exposure for 8 weeks in Aldh2 (-/-) mice, the urinary TBARS levels were significantly increased to more than double compared to the pretreatment group. This result was not observed in Aldh2 (+/+) mice. These results suggest that although ALDH2 enzyme activity plays a role in the generation of ROS in the whole body, it does not seem to be important in the pathogenesis of alcohol induced degenerative brain diseases.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.298-302
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• 2004

The study was conducted to determine the antioxidant activity of EM (Effective Microorganism) fermented glasswort liquid for utilizing as a functional food material. Glasswort leaves by freezing-dried were showed the highest 20.19% contents, it was 20% salt contents of cooked salts. To compare antioxidant effects of glasswort plant parts (dried ground leaves, stems, and roots of glasswort) were exploited for investigation of antioxidant activity. Antioxidant activity for the samples was investigated by TBA (Thiobarbituric acid reactive method). EM fermented glasswort liquid from coastal region, the highest antioxidative activity showed in the oven-dried leaves at 14 days after storage. It was showed antioxidant effect more than 5.3 times than control. In conclusion, antioxidative effect of glasswort was apparently exhibited through measurement of TBARS (Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances).

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.320-322
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• 2002

The antioxidative capacity of Monascus koji was studied in raw bologna-type sausage by measuring thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and peroxide values (POV) during storage at $25^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. The addition of 2% Monascus koji effectively inhibited lipid oxidation in the mixture without vitamin C and NaNO$_2$, evidenced by its prevention of an increase in TBARS and a significantly reduction in increases in POV. Monascus koji in raw minced processed meat significantly improved the shelf life of the food.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.361-364
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• 2003

Acanthopanax species (Araliaceae) has been traditionally used as tonic, analgesic, stimulant of immune system, and replenishment of body function. The antioxidant activities of leaf and root bark of Acanthopanax species were determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay and relative electrophoretic mobility (REM) on human plasma low density lipoproteins (LDL). Acanthopanax divaricatus var. albeofructus and Acanthopanax for. nambunensis showed potent antioxidant activities.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.126.2-126.2
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• 2002

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.366-371
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• 2000

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of the pentagalloic acid compound in inhibiting the metal ions and cell lines that mediate in low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation. Pentagalloic acid prolonged the lag time preceeding the onset of conjugated diene formation. In chemically induced LDL oxidation by Cu$^2$(sup)+ plus hydrogen peroxide or peroxyl radical generated by 2, 2-azo-vis (2-amidino propane) hydrochloride (AAPH), pentagalloic acid inhibited LDL oxidation as monitored by measuring the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS), malondialdehyde(MDA), and gel electrophoretic mobility. The physiological relevance of the antioxidative activity was validated at the cellular level where pentagalloic acid inhibited mouse macrophage J774 and endothelial cell-mediated LDL oxidation. When compared with several other antioxidants, pentagalloic acid showed a much higher ability than naturally occuring antioxidants, ${\alpha}$-tocopherol and ascorbic acid, and the synthetic antioxidant, probucol.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.493-498
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• 1996

The effective extraction of antioxidative substances from soybeans was studied by the mixed solvents of methanol or ethanol with water at 30$^{\circ}C$ and 85$^{\circ}C$. At accelerated peroxidation condition, POV (peroxide value) of soybean oil and TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) value of egg yolk liposome with extracts added, were applied for the evaluation of antioxidative activity of the extracts. In the peroxidation of soybean oil, antioxidative substance of soybeans was extracted more effectively by methanol and at higher temperature 85$^{\circ}C$, and the deffated and roasted soybean extract (DRS) showed higher antioxidative activity. But in the Peroxidation of egg yolk liposome, methanol extract from the roasted soybeans (ROS) showed higher activity.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.325-331
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• 2002

There is growing interest ill understanding the role and mechanisms of flavonoid as antioxidant on LDL. The antioxidative activity of flavonoid typically present in Oenothers odorate Jacquin was investigated in vitro using a human LDL oxidation assay. In present work, LDL was incubated with increasing concentrations of extracts of extracts of Oenothers odorate Jacquin and LDL oxidation was started by adding CuSO$_4$to the media. Substances in leaves extracts of Oenothers odorate Jacquin are capable of inhibiting the initiation and the propagation of LDL oxidation. They inhibit LDL oxidation, monitored by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances(TBARS), as well as modification as shown through direct measurement of electrophoretic mobility, diene conjugates. Inhibition is a dose dependent effect that becomes already apparent at concentration of extracts as low as 40$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL. Inhibition is almost complete at 80$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL. Extracts of Oenothers odorate Jacquin were more potent antioxidative activity than either ascorbic acid and dl-a -tocopherol.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.71-76
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• 2003

To test the protective effect of Radix Curcumae Aromaticae (RCA) on the damage of cardiac endothelial cells by xanthine oxidase (XO)/hypoxanthine (HX)-induced oxygen free radical, Neutral Red (NR), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TSARS), and DNA synthesis assay were used in the presence of RCA extract. The results of these experiments were obtained as follows ; Cardiac endothelial cells treated with XO/HX showed the cytotoxicity such as decreases in viability and DNA synthesis, a increase in lipid peroxidation. Cardiac endothelial cells pretreated with RCA extract protected the increase of lipid peroxidation by XO/HX. Cardiac endothelial cells pretreated with RCA extract inhibited the decrease of DNA synthesis by XO/HX. These results show that XO/HX elicits toxic effects in cultured cardiac endothelial cells derived from neonatal rat, and suggest that RCA extract is very effective in the prevention of XO/HX-induced toxicity.