• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2011

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive tool used to study aspects of human brain physiology, including motor function and the pathophysiology of various brain disorders. A brief electric current passed through a magnetic coil produces a high-intensity magnetic field, which can excite or inhibit the cerebral cortex. Although various brain regions can be evaluated by TMS, most studies have focused on the motor cortex where motor evoked potentials (MEPs) are produced. Single-pulse and paired-pulse TMS can be used to measure the excitability of the motor cortex via various parameters, while repetitive TMS induces cortical plasticity via long-term potentiation or long-term depression-like mechanisms. Therefore, TMS is useful in the evaluation of physiological mechanisms of various neurological diseases, including movement disorders and epilepsy. In addition, it has diagnostic utility in spinal cord diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and demyelinating diseases. The therapeutic effects of repetitive TMS on stroke, Parkinson disease and focal hand dystonia are limited since the duration and clinical benefits seem to be temporary. New TMS techniques, which may improve clinical utility, are being developed to enhance clinical utilities in various neurological diseases.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.447-451
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• 2001

With the exception of gun shot wound, the incidence of penetrating injury of face and neck areas nonorganic foreign bodies is relative low. But the diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic management of penetrating facial wounds need careful decision, when the anatomic proximity of the major vessels and nerve is considered. Penetrating facial trauma with concomitant vascular injury present challenging problems, the immediate complication of this vascular injury are severe bleeding, hematoma formation, shock, obstruction of airway. The vascular injury is conformed by angiography. In this report, a industrial tool(long tack) fired by explosive air is penetrated into face and to neck. In angiograms penetrating injury of the vertebral artery is detected. We performed the embolization of the vertebral artery with coils and manual removal of the foreign body without any complication was followed.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.218-222
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• 2017

Purpose: Driving is an important activity that is affected by various motor and cognitive deficits after stroke. On the other hand, there is no standard screening tool to evaluate the sitting asymmetry during driving, which is the stereotyped postural characteristic observed in patients with stroke. Therefore, this study compared the buttock pressure during simulated driving between healthy adults and patients with stroke. Methods: Ten post-stroke patients and ten healthy subjects participated in the experiment. The participants experienced simulated driving of 6.1 km during approximately 5 minutes for adaptation. The driving scenario consisted of 3.5 km urban traffic conditions, 10 km straight highway, and 7 km curved or hilly rural roads. Force sensitive application (FSA) was used to analyze the distribution of the buttock pressure on the driver's seat. The symmetry index (SI) was determined using the average buttock pressure of each side of the buttock. The closer SI is to zero, the higher the symmetry of buttock pressure. Results: These studies showed that the SI of healthy subjects was significantly closer to zero than that of the stroke patients. Conclusion: The buttock pressure of the stroke patients showed more asymmetry than that of the healthy subjects during simulated driving. Therefore, a therapeutic approach is needed for symmetrical sitting to improve the driving performance.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.202-207
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• 2017

Objective: The self-decisions of the client regarding the meaningful work as a therapeutic approach of client-orientation. The Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) is an occupation-oriented problem-solving approach. The purpose of this study was to describe the goals and intervention protocols of CO-OP in those affected by stroke. Design: A systematic review. Methods: Using EBSCOhost, PubMed, and ProQuest databases, we searched studies published in the past decade that utilized the CO-OP intervention. An initial search revealed 71,171 potential articles. After applying our search criteria to screen the titles, abstracts, and full-text, we included 7 articles that met our inclusion and exclusion criteria. In this study, we used the patient, intervention(s), comparison, outcome method to analyze the 7 selected studies. We analyzed the frequency of goals and intervention protocols. Results: Seven articles met our selection criteria; these studies included participants with an almost normal cognitive function from inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation facilities. CO-OP was used for 237 goals; the most used goal was the instrumental activities of daily living. The training procedure used 3 types of self-selecting goals in the activities. One of the goals was not trained, but was only evaluated to determine the generation effect. The most common outcome measurements included the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure and the Performance Quality Rating Scale. Conclusions: This research provided information about the effectiveness of CO-OP and selecting the correct evaluation tool to assess the efficiency of the intervention. This study suggests that treatment with CO-OP in occupational therapy is effective and that it outlines common protocols.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.76-79
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• 1999

The most significant factor in pathogenesis of vascular headaches like migraine and cluster headache is dynamic changes of diameters of the cerebral arteries. TCD is a valuable noninvasive tool to assess the cerebral hemodynamic status by measuring the flow velocities of the intracranial cerebral arteries around the circle of Willis. TCD can evaluate flow velocities and vasoreactivity of the patients with a vascular headache during the ictal phase as well as during intericatal phase. Distribution of the changes recorded differ between types of headaches and also between the major ictal symptoms. The changes suggest the presence of prolonged vasospasm interictally and more marked relaxation of the cerebral arteries. TCD can be used to monitor the long-term clinical course of patients with vascular headache by correlation the symptomatic improvement and TCD data before and after long-term pharmacological prophylactic treatments. During the ictal phases large intervention. The results may be used in selecting and evaluating the agents for abortive therapy for acute attacks. In conclusion TCD can quantitatively evaluate vascular headaches when making diagnosis and classification and can provide guidelines to choose more individualized therapeutic options for both acute and long-term treatment.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.89-92
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• 2017

Aconitum Heterophyllum (A. Heterophyllum) is an indigenous medicinal plant of India and belongs to the family Ranunculaceae. A. Heterophyllum is known to possess a number of therapeutic effects. For very ancient times, this plant has been used in some formulations in the traditional healing system of India, i.e., Ayurveda. It is reported to have use in treating patients with urinary infections, diarrhea, and inflammation. It also has been used as an expectorant and for the promotion of hepatoprotective activity. The chemical studies of the plant have revealed that various parts of the plant contain alkaloids, carbohydrates, proteins and amino acids, saponins, glycosides, quinones, flavonoids, terpenoids, etc. In the present study, a comprehensive phytochemistry and pharmacognosy, as well as the medicinal properties, of A. Heterophyllum are discussed. Scientific information on the plant was collected from various sources, such as electronic sources (Google scholar, Pubmed) and some old classical text books of Ayurveda and Ethnopharmacology. The study also presents a review of the literature on A. Heterophyllum, as well as the primary pharmacological and other important findings on this medicine. This review article should provide useful information to and be a valuable tool for new researchers who are initiating studies on the plant A. Heterophyllum.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.175-180
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• 2010

Nanotechnology is currently receiving considerable attention in various fields of biotechnology. The uptake of nanoparticles by cells for labeling and tracking is a critical process for many biomedical therapeutic applications. However, nanoparticle labeling of porcine hematopoietic cells has not been demonstrated so far. In the present study, silica-coated nanoparticles conjugated with rhodamine B isothiocyanate (SR-RITC) were used to investigate the uptake of nanoparticles by porcine hematopoietic cells. Flow cytometric and confocal microscopic analyses reveled that the cells were efficiently internalized by the silica-coated nanoparticles. Furthermore, biocompatibility tests demonstrated that the SR nanoparticles were not cytotoxic, and they had no impact on proliferation. Our study demonstrates that silica-coated nanoparticles are taken up very rapidly and with high efficiency into porcine hematopoietic cells, with no apparent deleterious effects. Therefore, silica-coated nanoparticles appear to be a promising tool for tracking porcine hematopoietic cells.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.534-537
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• 2004

We produced twelve monoclonal antibodies(mAbs) against thyroglobulin and characterized the bindig profiles. Among them, three mAbs(TN-1, TN-2 and TN-3) were further characterized their binding specificities. TN-2 had a potent lupus anticoagulant activity and potentiated the anticoagulant effect of venom phospholipase A₂. he anticoagulant mechanism of TN-2 was elongation of the partial thromboplastin time and binding to phosphatidylserine which may have a pivot role in blood coagulation. And TN-2 was cross-reacted with ss-DNA and ds-DNA and had a characteristic of autoantibody. These results suggest that TN-2 may provide a useful tool for studying the correlation between autoimmune thyroiditis and its therapeutic effect.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.375-383
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• 2013

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) related to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections is thought to account for more than 80% of primary liver cancers. Both HBV and HCV can establish chronic liver inflammatory infections, altering hepatocyte and liver physiology with potential liver disease progression and HCC development. Cyclophilin A (CypA) has been identified as an essential host factor for the HCV replication by physically interacting with the HCV non structural protein NS5A that in turn interacts with RNA-dependent RNA polymerase NS5B. CypA, a cytosolic binding protein of the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine A, is overexpressed in many cancer types and often associated with malignant transformation. Therefore, CypA can be a good target for molecular cancer therapy. Because of antiviral activity, the CypA inhibitors have been tested for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. Nonimmunosuppressive Cyp inhibitors such as NIM811, SCY-635, and Alisporivir have attracted more interests for appropriating CypA for antiviral chemotherapeutic target on HCV infection. This review describes CypA inhibitors as a potential HCC treatment tool that is contrived by their obstructing chronic HCV infection and summarizes roles of CypA in cancer development.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.209-213
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• 2015

Influenza A virus (H1N1) causes and spreads infectious diseases and becomes a major health threat in humans. Among the subtypes of influenza virus, neuraminidase (NA) plays an important role in viral life cycle and becomes an attractive therapeutic target. Currently two NA inhibitors namely Zanamivir and Oseltamivir are available for treating infectious diseases. Recently five naturally derived polyphenols extracted from Phellinus baumii was reported as inhibitors against NA. Molecular docking is powerful tool in computer aided drug designing which aids in exploring and elucidating the properties of the molecules from their 3D structure. Hence, in the present study, molecular docking was carried out on reported polyphenols isolated from ethanolic extract of fruiting bodies of Phellinus baumii. The objective of this work was to study the interaction and to propose the binding mode of these compounds within the binding site of H1N1 neuraminidase. The results showed these compounds had better binding energy and H-bond interactions with the important active site residues of the receptor which authenticate these compounds contributes to inhibitory activity of neuraminidase to treat influenza infection.