• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.11-37
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• 2000

This is a study on the methods of decocting prescriptions in SANGHANRON (傷寒論), and after this, numbers of results have been obtained. SANGHANRON was written by Chang-Ki (張機) in the 2nd century, so it reflexes the usage of prescriptions of previous age indirectly. And gave affects on the methods of decocting prescriptions to the oriental medicine doctors of next generation.Berore Han-DYnasty(漢代), there were not so many publications connected with Oriental Medicine. Besides, some books couldn't hand down to next generation due to the gap of time and space. As time goes by, letters in medical books changed little by little, so contents connected with decocting methods changed too. The effects of decoction and herb tea can be changed by the flexibility of methods of decocting medicines, so we have to decide what kinds of decocting methods should be taken and adapted to patients by the most effective way.In SANGHANRON, there are many kiny kinds of boiling methods, so DHAMG-Ki selected the most appropriate method considering deree and position of disease and condition of patient. But nowadays, due to inconvenient procedure of boiling and taking medicines, some methos are not in common in clinical medicin. So this study was started to look back upon the changes of decocting prescriptions and gave deffort to find out the propriety of variation of boiling prescriptions.The common method of decocting prescriptions in SANGHANRON is boiling down all the herbs at the same time. Except the commom method, there are some kinds of other methods - boiling down twice the prescription, boiling down some special herbs earlier of later than other herbs, complicated or special boiling methods of extract, etc. These kinds of decoting methods simplified as time pass by, but this expected therapeutic value. So we have to distinguish the methods -though complicated and troublesome- in clinical medicine to make perfection more perfect in treating patients, and further studies have to be followed to prove the propriety of these complicated methods.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2009

Objective : This retrospective study of 215 patients with 383 symptomatic osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) treated by percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP), was performed to evaluate the clinical outcomes, and to analyze the various clinical factors affecting these results. Methods : The authors assessed the clinical outcome under the criteria such as the pain improvement, activity, requirement of analgesics, and the patient's satisfaction, and determined the relation to various peri- and intra-operative factors, and postoperative imaging findings. Results : The outcome was determined as 84.2% in relief of pain, 72.0% in change in activity, 65.7% in analgesics use, and 84.7% of satisfaction rate. More severe focal back pain, high uptake bone scan, and the lower mean T-score were related to the better pain relief following PVP. The longer the duration between fracture and PVP, the less severe focal back pain, low uptake bone scan, and leakage of PMMA into the paravertebral space were related to the less improvement in activity. Female and low uptake bone scan showed a correlation with more analgesic use. The longer the duration between fracture and PVP, low uptake bone scan, and the higher the mean T-score were correlated with the less the patients satisfaction. Conclusion : Our study suggests that PVP may be more effective in the acute phase of VCFs, more severe focal pain, and far advanced osteoporosis on BMD. Leakage of PMMA into the paravertebral spcae also could be affecting the surgical results.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2019

Background: Ground repulsion or impact on the ground during daily activities, sports, or occupational activities may cause injury to the knee when walking. Non-elastic taping is effective in treating these problems in previous studies. Non-elastic taping strengthens the structure of the soft tissues of the injured knee joint to maintain constant tension, improves muscle rearrangement and function, and improves proprioception. Based on previous studies, we intended to see the therapeutic changes of non-elastic taping in patients with patellofemoral joint pain syndrome. Methods: The non-elastic taping application method was applied to the patient three times for five hours for one week. Non-elastic taping was applied to the patellar tendon with little space above the skin segment of the patellar femur, with both sides fixed by taping. Muscle strength and gait change were evaluated with non-elastc taping. Results: The knee flexion, extension strength and gait evaluation of the knee joint with inelastic taping showed significant differences after treatment. There was a significant difference in the comparison between the two groups after the treatment method was applied (p<.05). Conclusion: As a result, this study confirms that the non-elastic taping method applied for the treatment of patellar femoral joint pain syndrome is effective in the treatment.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.225-239
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• 2000

This study is a research of conceptual development to find the factors of presence. The concept and the definition of presence received from literary review. On the basis of these findings, we formulate the contents of presence through structured interview guide composed of open-ended questionnaire which included the frequency, attitude, and posture. We selected 104 samples who are the patients, doctors, nurses, and other health providers. And then the contents of presence were established after integrating the formulated contents and putting them in order. The categorizing of the presence was made after discussing with specialist in this field. By using the selected contents, we made 25 statements of presence which were categorized into three factors. The results were as follows: 1. The definition of presence is being with at the same time and space, making attention with openness, and the therapeutic interaction with empathy. 2. The contents of presence through personal interviews are The time required is 5 minutes(46.15%), 2-3 minutes(34.61%), and 10 minutes (15.38%) respectively. The frequency of visiting is 3 times(39.20%), every time(23.07%), and more than 5 times(20.19%) respectively. \circled2 In case of being with nurse is having pain(39.42%), suffering trouble or severe fear(9.61%), feeling discomfort(8.65%), taking care of wound(7.69%), and other unfavorable symptoms(6.73%) respectively. \circled3 The posture being with nurse is depends on the situations(63.46%), sitting(26.92%), and standing(9.61%) respectively. Eye contact with nurse is face to face(78.84%), depends on the situations(20.19%), and not face to face(0.96%) respectively. \circled4 The attitudes of comfort are explaining about disease(23.07%), holding on hands (14.42%), touching on the suffering parts (11.53%), and unconditionally being with(7.69%) respectively. \circled5 Nurses' caring actions are kindness (27.88%), replying to the question (12.50%), smiling(10.57%), bright appearances (8.65%), and right and quick treatment(8.65%) respectively. \circled6 The effects of being with are peaceful mind(58.65%), quick recovery(13.46%), and decrease in fear(12.50%) respectively. \circled7 The attitudes of being with are listening (11.53%), recognition(8.65%), talking about discomfort(8.65%), and answering kindly (7.69%) respectively. 3. From the analysis of presence factors, 25 statements and 3 categorized factors are presented.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2012

치료용 기능성 게임은 직접적인 치료보다는 환자의 심리적인 변화를 일으키고, 적극적인 치료 의지를 가지게 하는 것이 주된 목적이다. 본 연구에서는 선행 자료들을 분석하여 심리 치료를 위한 치료용 기능성게임을 설계할 때 고려할 요소로 5가지를 추출하였다. 추출한 요소들의 검증을 위해 이미 치료 효과가 입증된 '리미션', 현실의 일상생활에서 어려움을 겪을 수 있는 환자가 가상공간에서 선(先) 경험을 통해 치료 효과를 얻을 수 있도록 설계된 '심즈2'를 집중적으로 분석하였다. 그 결과, 캐릭터와의 일치성, 게임 소재의 안정성, 현실적 사실성, 게임 진행의 자기결정성은 전반적으로 적용되어 있었지만, 현실과의 상호작용성은 적용되어 있지 않았다. 그러나 현실과의 상호작용성은 선행 연구와 추출 요소에 대한 설문 검증으로 적합한 요소로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 치료용 기능성게임을 설계하고자 할 때 고려할 중요한 참고 자료가 될 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2008

Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) can induce severe pain but, its pathogenic mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed proteomes of human synovial fluid in the superior joint space in the patients with TMD, which is obtained during the treatment arthrocentesis. We've got this result that one of the spots was consistently down-regulated in synovial fluid of patients with TMD from analysis of protein pattern. Its molecular weight was estimated to be 33 kDa. Synoviolin was identified in our proteomics analysis of LC/MS/MS. This protein was recently reported as one of the proteins that might affect rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Synoviolin that might be associated with RA was detected in synovial fluid of patients with TMD. We can conclude that synoviolin might be involved not only in the pathogenesis of RA but also in TMD. In result, synoviolin might be involved in the pathogenesis of TMD and can be candidates as new therapeutic targets of TMD or early detection biomarkers.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.71-75
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• 2015

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are essential for neurotransmission and important therapeutic targets of diseases related to neurotransmission. A recent experimental study identified three residues (Lys185, Asp187, and Ile188) of the ${\alpha}6$ nAChR subunit as determinants of ${\alpha}$-conotoxin BuIA selectivity, yet how these residues confer toxin selectivity remains unclear. In this study, we performed all-atom molecular dynamics simulations with two toxin-bound ${\alpha}4{\beta}2$ nAChR systems: the wild-type ${\alpha}4{\beta}2$ and one in which we replaced the three ${\alpha}4$ subunit residues with three ${\alpha}6$ subunit residues identified in an experimental study (Tyr185Lys, Thr187Asp, and Arg188Ile). After mutation, Asp199 lost the salt bridge formed with Arg188 in the wild type located around loop C. Then, the loop C conformation changed and became more flexible than that of the wild type. We also detected reduced space between the toxin and the binding site in the mutant simulation, resulting in increased binding affinity to the toxin. Therefore, we propose a new Asp199 mutation that breaks the salt bridge and may produce similar selectivity to that of the Arg188 mutation.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.11-23
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• 2017

편측 공간무시는 주로 우측 대뇌반구의 병변으로 인한 뇌졸중 이후 발생하는 신경학적 질환으로, 병변 반대 측 신체와 공간에 대한 처리 기능과 주의집중에 문제가 발생한다. 기능적 신경이미지 연구에서 편측 공간무시는 큰 수준의 중대뇌 동맥, 페리실비안 연결망, 주의집중 연결망의 손상과 연관성이 있다고 보고하였다. 편측 공간무시는 부정적인 예후와 관련이 있기 때문에 정확한 진단과 중재를 위해 편측 공간무시의 유형과 이론 그리고 전통적 평가와 기능적 평가를 포함한 임상적 평가가 고려되어야 한다. 편측 공간무시의 치료는 하향식 접근방법과 상향식 접근방법으로 구분하며, 두 접근방법을 결합하는 형태가 가장 효과적일 수 있다. 편측 공간무시의 모든 최신 중재방법 중에서 프리즘 적응이 가장 적절한 중재법으로 연구되고 있으나, 편측 공간무시의 유형과 병변 위치 등을 고려하여 환자에게 적절한 중재를 적용하는 것이 중요하다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2020

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is caused by various factors, such as cholinergic dysfunction, regulation of neurotrophic factor expression, and accumulation of amyloid-beta. We investigated whether or not a combination of Carthamus tinctorius L. seed and Taraxacum coreanum (CT) has a protective effect on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in a mouse model. Methods and Results: Mice were orally pretreated with CT (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day) for 14 days, and scopolamine (1 mg/kg/day) was injected intraperitoneally before subjecting them to behavior tests. CT-administered mice showed better novel object recognition and working memory ability than scopolamine-treated control mice. In T-maze and Morris water maze tests, CT (100 and 200 mg/kg/day) significantly increased space perceptive ability and occupancy to the target quadrant, respectively. In addition, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day of CT attenuated cholinergic dysfunction through inhibition of butyryl cholinesterase in brain tissue. Furthermore, CT-administered mice showed higher cyclic adenosine monophosphate-response element-binding protein (CREB) levels and lower amyloid precursor protein (APP) levels compared to scopolamine-treated control mice. Conclusions: CT improved scopolamine-induced memory impairment through inhibition of cholinergic dysfunction, up-regulation of CREB, and down-regulation of APP. Therefore, CT could be a useful therapeutic agent for AD with protective effects on cognitive impairment.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.39-54
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• 2001

This is a study on the methods of taking prescriptions in SANGHANRON (傷寒論), and after this, numbers of results have been obtained. SANGHANRON was written by Chang-Ki (張機) in the 2nd century, so it reflexes the usage of prescriptions of previous age indirectly. And gave affects on the methods of taking prescriptions to the oriental medicine doctors of next generation. Before Han-Dynasty (漢代), there were not so many publications connected with Oriental Medicine. Besides, some books couldn't hand down to next generation due to the gap of time and space. As time goes by, letters in medical books changed little by little, so contents connected with taking decoctions changed too. The effects of decoction and herb tea can be changed by the flexibility of methods of taking medicines, so we have to decide what kinds of taking methods should be taken and adapted to patients by the most effective way. There are many kind of methods of taking decocted prescriptions in SANGHANRON, so Chang-Ki selected the most appropriate method considering degree and position of disease and condition of patient. But nowadays, due to inconvenient procedure of taking medicines, some methos are not in common in clinical medicin. So this study was started to look back upon the changes of taking prescriptions and gave effort to find out the propriety of variation of taking prescriptions. In SANGHANRON, many kinds of taking prescriptions appeared from once a day to six times a day, except these, some prescriptions have to be taken little by little. These methods of taking prescriptions simplified as time pass by, but this change may give influence to the effect of medicine and finally we can't gain expected therapeutic value. So we have to distinguish the methods -though complicated and troublesome- in clinical medicine to make perfection more perfect in treating patients, and further studies have to be followed to prove the propriety of these methods.