• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.703-711
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of butanol(BuOH) fraction of Polygonatum odoratum with selenium tr-eatment on blood glucose levels and lipid peroxidations in streptozotocin(STZ) induced diabetric rats. Male Sprague-Dawly rats weighing(180-200g) were divided into five groups : normal STZ-control and three expreimental groups(P, odoratum group P, odo-Se group and Se group) Diabetes mellitus was induced by injection STZ in the tail vein at the dose of 45mg/kg B.W The BuOH fraction of Polygonatum odoratum(500mg/kg. B,W) given orally administered for 14 days. The Se treated group were fed a AIN-76 recommendation diet mixed with Na2Seo3(2mg/kg diet). Diabetic rats showed the lower weight gain compared to the normal rats. the plasma glucose levels of the P. odo-Se group were significantly lower than the other experimental groups. The plasma cholesterol levels were higher in STZ-control and Se groups compared toP.odoratum and P. odo-Se groups and HDL-cholesterol levels were increased in the diabetic experimental groups fed on BuOH fraction of P. odoratum with Se supplementation. The liver and muscle glycogen levels were not significantly differ among all groups. The plasma free fatty acid levels were lower in diabetic experimental groups fed on BuOh fraction of P. odoratum or Se sup-plementation than STZ-control and Se groups. Diabetics rats showed the higher levels of triglyceride in plasma andlower levels in liver compared with the normal group. Supplementation with Se decreased significantly the liver triglyceride level. The MDA levels in liver and kidney were significantly reduced in all the experimental groups. In conclusion administration of BuOH fraction of Polygonatuum odoratum with selenium supplementation reduced blood glucose levels and peroxdative tissue damage in STZ induced diabetic rats showing the possibility of preventiave and therapeutic use of the wild edible plant to the diabetes mellitus.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.284-291
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise (EX) and Korean red ginseng (KRG) on inflammation mechanism in aging model rats with diet-induced atherosclerosis. MATERIALS/METHODS: Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups: Young control (Y-C), Aging control (A-C), A-C with HFD (AHF), AHF with EX (AHF-EX), AHF-EX with KRG (AHF-EX+RG), and AHF with KRG (AHF-RG). Aging was induced by D-gal (100mg/kg) and atherosclerosis was induced by HFD (60% fat) for 9 weeks. The experimental rats were performed swimming (60 min/day, 5 days/week) and supplied KRG orally (dose of 200 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. All rat aorta samples were harvested for biochemical and immunohistochemical analyses. REULTS: The EX and KRG supplementation significantly inhibited body weight and levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, and enhance of HDL-C compared with untreated AHF groups. AHF-EX, AHF-EX+RG, and AHF-RG group showed a decreased plasma CRP and increase plasma NO activities compared to AHF group. In addition, these groups revealed reduced 4-HNE, NF-kB, TNF-, ${\alpha}$, IL-6, COX-2, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and enhanced eNOS expression in the aorta. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that EX alone, KRG alone, and combined treatment of EX and KRG may be an effective anti-inflammatory therapeutic for the atherosclerosis, possibly acting via the decreased of CRP and pro-inflammation proteins and the increased NO and eNOS.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.1385-1393
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• 1998

The hypoglycemic effects of butanol(BuOH) fraction of Polygonatum odoratum with vitamin E in streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats were investigated. Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-230g were devided into five groups, and four groups induced diabetes mellitus by the STZ injection(45mg/kg b.w.) into the tail vein : Normal, diabetic-control, and three diabetic experimental groups(p. odoratum group, P. od-vit. E group and Vit. E group). All groups were fed on a AIN-76 diet, and the experimental groups were orally administered with the BuOH fraction of Polygonatum odoratum(500mg/kg b.w.) and vitamin E(10mg/kg b.w.) for 14 days. The body weight, diet intake and organ weights were monitored. The plasma levels of glucose, insulin, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol and aspartate and alanine aminotransferase activities were analyzed. The levels of glycogen in liver and muscle, cholesterol in liver were determined. The malondialdehyde(MDA) levels in liver, kidney and lung were assayed. The body weight loss was seen in P. odoratum group, P. od-vit. E group, Vit. E group and diabetic control group, while the loss in P. odoratum group was much less than that in the diabetic control group. The plasma glucose levels were significantly lowered in P. odoratum group compared to diabetic control group. The plasma insulin levels were noticeably higher in P. odoratum and Vit. E groups. The rats in P. odoratum and P. od-vit. E group showed higher liver glycogen levels than in the diabetic control group. The MDA levels in liver, kidney and lung were also significantly reduced in P. od-vit. E and Vit. E groups compared to the diabetic control group. The results suggest that the administration of BuOH fraction of Polygonatum odoratum along with vitamin E reduced blood glucose levels and peroxidative tissue damage in STZ-induced diabetic rats, showing the possibility of preventive and therapeutic use of the wild edible plant to the diabetes mellitus. (Korean J Nutrition 31(9) : 1385-1393, 1998)

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.619-625
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• 2001

Diabetes mellitus was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-245g by injection of streptozotocin(STZ) into the tail vein at a dose of 45mg/kg and were divided into seven groups ; normal, diabetic control, and five experimental groups(fractions of hexane, chloroform(CHCl$_3$), ethylacetate(EtOAc), butanol(BuOH) and water($H_2O$)). The rats of all groups were fed on AIN-93 diet and the five experimental groups were orally administered each fraction for 14 days. The body weight and diet intake were monitored daily. The plasma levels of glucose, insulin, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, free fatty acid and aspartate and alanine aminotransferase activities were analyzed. Diabetic rats showed the lower weight gain compared to the normal rats. The plasma glucose levels of the CHCl$_3$, and $H_2O$ fraction groups were significantly lower than the other experimental groups. The plasma insulin level of the CHCl$_3$ fraction group was much higher than that of diabetic control group. The plasma cholesterol levels were increased in all the experimental groups. The groups of hexane, BuOH and H2() fractions showed the lower plasma triglyceride levels compared to diabetic control group. The plasma free fatty acid levels were not significantly different in all groups. HDL-cholesterol levels were definitely higher in hexane, CHCl$_3$ and EtOAc fraction groups than that of diabetic control group. In conclusion, administration of CHCl$_3$ and $H_2O$ fractions of methanol extract of Alisma canaliculatum exhibited hypoglycemic effects in STZ induced diabetic rats, showing the possibility of therapeutic use of Alisma canaliculatum to the diabetes mellitus.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제57권5호
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• pp.335-341
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• 2015

Objective : The main causes of spinal cord ischemia are a variety of vascular pathologies causing acute arterial occlusions. We investigated neuro-protective effects of kefir on spinal cord ischemia injury in rats. Methods : Rats were divided into three groups : 1) sham operated control rats; 2) spinal cord ischemia group fed on a standard diet without kefir pretreatment; and 3) spinal cord ischemia group fed on a standard diet plus kefir. Spinal cord ischemia was performed by the infrarenal aorta cross-clamping model. The spinal cord was removed after the procedure. The biochemical and histopathological changes were observed within the samples. Functional assessment was performed for neurological deficit scores. Results : The kefir group was compared with the ischemia group, a significant decrease in malondialdehyde levels was observed (p<0.05). Catalase and superoxide dismutase levels of the kefir group were significantly higher than ischemia group (p<0.05). In histopathological samples, the kefir group is compared with ischemia group, there was a significant decrease in numbers of dead and degenerated neurons (p<0.05). In immunohistochemical staining, hipoxia-inducible factor-$1{\alpha}$ and caspase 3 immunopositive neurons were significantly decreased in kefir group compared with ischemia group (p<0.05). The neurological deficit scores of kefir group were significantly higher than ischemia group at 24 h (p<0.05). Conclusion : Our study revealed that kefir pretreatment in spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion reduced oxidative stress and neuronal degeneration as a neuroprotective agent. Ultrastructural studies are required in order for kefir to be developed as a promising therapeutic agent to be utilized for human spinal cord ischemia in the future.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.72-80
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was to analyze the trend of research on intervention for patients with metabolic syndrome. Method: Using Pubmed, Medline, and CINAHL search engines, a randomized controlled trial(RCT) researching titles such as 'metabolic syndrome', 'intervention', 'lifestyle modification', or 'community-based' were collected. A total of 16 researches were analyzed based on the guidelines of the National Cholesterol Education Program - Adult Treatment Panel(NCEP-ATP III). Results: 1) The total period of the intervention was from 12 to 24 weeks, the frequency was 3 to 5 times per week, and the duration of each session was from 45 to 60 minutes. The types of intervention included exercise, diet, and medication. Among these types, diet was performed most frequently. 2) The outcomes of the intervention was measured with physical aspects such as anthropometric measures, body composition, or biological markers. No studies have evaluated psychosocial outcomes such as quality of life. 3) In terms of effectiveness of the intervention, anthropometric indicators, body composition, or serological markers showed positive effects, whereas results on endothelial or urine indicators were inconsistent. Conclusion: Methodological research developing comprehensive therapeutic lifestyle modification programs and intervention studies are needed for patients with metabolic syndrome. In addition, effects should be evaluated with multidimensional perspectives.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.261-271
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• 2017

It has been suggested that ginseng is beneficial for ameliorating the aging males' symptoms, such as weight gain, fatigue, erectile dysfunction, and depression, in elderly men with testosterone deficiency. We thus investigated the effects of Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer; Araliaceae) on obesity in a mouse model of testosterone deficiency (castrated C57BL/6J mice). The effects of ginseng extract (GE) and/or testosterone on obesity and adipogenesis in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed castrated C57BL/6J mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes were examined using in vivo and in vitro approaches. After feeding mice a HFD for 8 weeks, we found that mice also receiving GE and/or testosterone showed decreased body weight, adipose tissue mass, adipocyte size, and hepatic lipid accumulation compared with untreated HFD-fed mice. Expression of adipogenic genes ($PPAR{\gamma}$, $C/EBP{\alpha}$, and aP2) was decreased by GE and/or testosterone in adipose tissues. Consistent with the in vivo data, lipid accumulation and the mRNA expression of adipogenesis genes in 3T3-L1 adipocytes were decreased by GE, ginsenosides, and testosterone. The inhibitory effects of GE (or ginsenosides) were comparable to those of testosterone, and the effects of co-treatment with GE (or ginsenosides) and testosterone were greater than those of testosterone alone in vivo and in vitro. Our results indicate that ginseng may be able to potentiate the inhibitory effects of testosterone on obesity and adipogenesis in HFD-fed castrated mice, providing possible therapeutic implications in men with testosterone deficiency.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.644-651
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• 2000

This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of fractions of methanol(MeOH) extracts of Lycopus lucidic Turcz on hyperglycemia and energy metabolites in streptozotocin(STZ) diabetic rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-220 g by an injection of STZ dissolved in a citrate buffer into the tail vein at a dose of 45 mg/kg of body weight, and the rats were divided into 7 groups, that is, one normal group and 6 diabetic groups: STZ-control, hexane, chloroform(CHCl$\sub$3/). ethylacetate(EtOAc), butanol(BuOH) and H$\sub$2/O fraction-fed groups. All groups were fed an AIN-93 diet and the fractions of Lycopus lucidic Turcz were administered orally with 2 % Tween 80 for 14 days after the STZ injection. Body weight, diet intake and organ weights were monitored. The plasma levels of blood glucose, insulin and protein were determined. The plasma concentrations of cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and free fatty acid were assayed. The plasma activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) were also measured. Body weight losses were observed by feeding the fractions of Lycopus lucidic Turcz in STZ experimental groups, and the kidney weight was increased. The extent of blood glucose decrement was significantly greater in the hexane and BuOH fraction-fed groups than STZ-control group. The plasma protein level was significantly lower in the H$\sub$2/O fraction-fed group. The plasma cholesterol level was decreased in BuOH and H$\sub$2/O fraction-fed groups compared with the STZ-control group. The levels of free fatty acids in the CHC1$\sub$3/ and H$\sub$2/O fraction-fed groups were significantly decreased(p<0.05). ALT activitiy of BuOH fraction-fed group was lower than control but it was not significantly different. These results suggest that the fractions of Lycopus lucidic Turcz are capable of lowering blood glucose and fat metabolites concentrations when administered to STZ-treated rats, and AST/ALT activity and insulin levels show the possibility of therapeutic use to diabetes mellitus.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of Pruns mume, Schisandra chinensis, Chaenomeles sinensis-- Prunus mume mixtrue (PM) treatment on colitis induced in mice by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) treatment. A total of 25 male BALB/c mice (average weight $20.7\;{\pm}\; 1.6 \;g$) were divided into 5 treatment groups and fed a commercial diet (A), PM administration (B), commercial diet + induced colitis by DSS (C), PM administration + induced colitis by DSS (D) and sulfasalazine + induced colitis by DSS (E). We found that PM treatment (D) and sulfasalazine (E) decreased the expression of $TNF-{\alpha}$ and COX-2 compared to the DSS-induced colitis group (C). The expression of IL-4, STAT6, $IFN-{\gamma}$, STAT1 was decreased in group D and group E compared to the colitis group (C), COX-2 and STAT1 were more decreased in group D. The serum IgE levels decreased in the PM treatment groups (C and D) compared to the non-PM treatment groups (A and B) although there was no significant difference between the PM treatment groups. It is notable that a therapeutic application of the PM extracts ameliorated DSS-induced colitis in mice.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was designed to observe the effects of the feeding Cynanchum wilfordii extract on the improvement of the blood glucose, lipid components in the serum of dietary hyperlipidemic and streptozotocin(STZ) -induced diabetic rats(S.D. strain, ♂) fed the experimental diets for 5 weeks. Concentrations of total cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, LDL, LDL-Cholesterol, free-cholesterol. cholesteryl ester, TG, PL and blood glucose in serum were significantly higher in the cholesterol administration groups((group 2(cholesterol+water), 4(cholesterol+Cynanchum WIlfordii 3.5g% extract)) than those in the control group (group1 , basal diet+water). But the concentrations of total cholesterol. atherosclerotic index, LDL, LDL- cholesterol. free-cholesterol, cholesteryl ester, TG, PL and blood glucose in serum were remakably lower in the group 4 than those in the group 2. In the STZ(55mg/kg B.W.)-induced diabetic groups((group 3(STZ, IP.)+water), 5(STZ(IP.)+Cynanchum WIlfordii 3.5g% extract? the serum total cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, LDL, LDL-cholesterol, free-cholesterol. cholesteryl ester, TG, PL and blood glucose concentrations actions were rather lower in the group 5 than those in the group 3. In the ratio of HDL -cholesterol concentration to total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol concentration, Cynanchum wilfordii extract administration groups were higher percentage than III the groups 2 and 3. The activities of aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) in serum were rather lower in the Cynanchum wllfordii extract administration groups (group 4,5) than in the cholesterol diet group(group 2) and STZ-induced diabetic group (group 3). From the above research, the physiological activity substances in Cynanchum wllfordii were effective on the improvement of the blood glucose, lipid compositions in serum of dietary hyperlipidemic and STZ-induced diabetic rats. And particularly, physiological activity substance in Cynanchum wilfordii was more effective therapeutic regimen for the control of metabolic derangements in adult disease.