• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.547-565
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• 2016

In this work a new 3-unknown non-polynomial shear deformation theory for the buckling and vibration analyses of functionally graded material (FGM) sandwich plates is presented. The present theory accounts for non-linear in plane displacement and constant transverse displacement through the plate thickness, complies with plate surface boundary conditions, and in this manner a shear correction factor is not required. The main advantage of this theory is that, in addition to including the shear deformation effect, the displacement field is modelled with only 3 unknowns as the case of the classical plate theory (CPT) and which is even less than the first order shear deformation theory (FSDT). The plate properties are assumed to vary according to a power law distribution of the volume fraction of the constituents. Equations of motion are derived from the Hamilton's principle. Analytical solutions of natural frequency and critical buckling load for functionally graded sandwich plates are obtained using the Navier solution. The results obtained for plate with various thickness ratios using the present non-polynomial plate theory are not only substantially more accurate than those obtained using the classical plate theory, but are almost comparable to those obtained using higher order theories with more number of unknown functions.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.12-20
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of theory of Cusanus on the Leonardo's theory of the centralized plan. In Renaissance, Neo-Platonism was so popular that is wat influenced nearly every architecture, literature, painting, sculpture and so on. Theory of Neo-Platonism was so various that every Neo-Platonist had his own theory. Among them, Cusanus focused his theory on rationality, mathematics rather than the medieval symbolism and studied the relationship between the God and men. In the same age, Leonardo da Vinci studied the planning system influenced on many architects works, including Bramante s. His planning system came not from symbolic appearance but from his scientific and rational researches as the theory of Cusanus. This study is to compare Cusanus Neo-Platonism theory and artistie view shown in Leonardo da Vinci's memorandum and drawing and to ascertain the influential relationship, abstracting the common things, and to substitute the characteristics that are seen in his centralized space sketch, abstracting the key words. The study on Cusanus will take advantage of the issued books and will requote Cusanus's copied ones.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.427-435
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• 2007

Purpose: This study presents the findings of various research on human intelligence and Multiple Intelligence Theory and suggested the implications of Multiple Intelligence Theory-based approach to the nursing education for the ill children. Method: Research objectives were accomplished by conducting a literature review. The main areas of the literature review included the Multiple Intelligence Theory, and it's application case for the children with learning disorder. Results: Dissatisfaction with traditional IQ tests has led to the development of a number of alternative theories, all of which suggest that intelligence is the result of a number of independent abilities that uniquely contribute to human performance. Among them, Multiple Intelligences Theory led to break intelligence down into at least eight different components: logical, linguistic, spatial, musical, kinesthetic, naturalist, intra-personal and interpersonal intelligences. In addition, Multiple Intelligence Theory and it's application case believes that every topic can be effectively taught and achieved using six entry points framework. Conclusions: The educational implications of Multiple Intelligence Theory in view of the health education and education in the children's hospital school should be considered for the ill children2's better education in a hospital setting.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제8권12호
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• pp.65-77
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• 1985

The mainpoints of General Theory is 1) the mainspring of economic activity is effective demand which can expand or control in relation to supply as a result of spontaneous decision by customer or government. 2) change in effective demand Produce change in output and employment in the same direction 3) which given productivity of labour the Vice level depend on the money supply affect the in downward direction 4) change in the money supply affect the economy through the rates of interest 5) the only automatic mechanism through which the economy can adjust itself to a deficiency of effective demand is the long process which unemployment reduces wage rates and consequently the demand for money and interest rates, above summarized contents are General Theory frame-work. The neo-classical macro general equilibrium theory, which has been reconstructed subsequent to Keyneses critism is treated the neo-classical macro-general equilibrium theory which inherits the classical theories of labour market and the aggregate production function, on demand side, it introduce the Keyneses macro-general equilibrium theory, which function through flexible movement of prices, wage and interest. Nowadays, Keynes General Theory is being developed into new dimension i, e. the macro-disequilibrium theory, and adequacy, and appropriateness of the theory and its significant contributions to modern economics are being reinterpreted and substantiated.

• 사회경제평론
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.71-98
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• 2016

이 연구는 투간 바라노프스키의 "영국 공황사론"을 중심으로 그의 경기변동론을 분석하여 다음과 같은 점들을 지적하고자 한다. 첫째, 투간은 판로이론을 기초로 한 공황의 주기성 이론을 구성하려고 했다는 점을 밝히고, 그것의 논리적 일관성이 부족하다는 점을 지적할 것이다. 둘째, 투간을 비판하는 논자들이나 옹호하는 논자들은 투간의 이론적 체계가 가진 문제점을 제대로 평가하고 있지 못했다. 과소소비론은 투간의 공황론을 소비를 무시한 불비례론으로 평가하였지만, 공황의 구체적인 발발 과정에 대한 투간의 논의는 제대로 평가하지 못했다. 바우어는 퇴장화폐가 포함됨 재생산표식론으로 투간의 주기적 공황론을 구현하려고 했을 뿐이다. 그러나 예외적으로 힐퍼딩만이 맑스의 공황개념에 기초하여 투간을 가장 적절히 비판하였고, 그것에 기초하여 주기적 공황의 문제를 해명하려고 하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.409-423
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• 2015

In the present work, a simple and refined trigonometric higher-order beam theory is developed for bending and vibration of functionally graded beams. The beauty of this theory is that, in addition to modeling the displacement field with only 3 unknowns as in Timoshenko beam theory, the thickness stretching effect (${\varepsilon}_Z{\neq}0$) is also included in the present theory. Thus, the present refined beam theory has fewer number of unknowns and equations of motion than the other shear and normal deformations theories, and it considers also the transverse shear deformation effects without requiring shear correction factors. The neutral surface position for such beams in which the material properties vary in the thickness direction is determined. Based on the present refined trigonometric higher-order beam theory and the neutral surface concept, the equations of motion are derived from Hamilton's principle. Numerical results of the present theory are compared with other theories to show the effect of the inclusion of transverse normal strain on the deflections and stresses.

• 철학연구
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• 제123권
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• pp.111-134
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• 2012

이 글은 헤겔 정치철학의 근본적 통찰을 '공공적(public) 자유 이론과 공공철학(public philosophy)'이라는 관점에서 해명하고자 한다. 이 글에서 헤겔의 자유이론을 공공적 자유를 지향하는 것으로 이해하면서 이런 자유이론의 현재적 의미를 드러내보고자 한다. 이 글에서 헤겔의 공공철학에 대한 해석을 통해 비판하고자 하는 대상은 두 가지이다. 하나는 원자론적 개인주의이고, 다른 하나는 레비나스(Levinas) 및 데리다(Derrida)가 옹호하는 절대적 타자이론이다. 달리 말하자면 이 글에서 필자는 헤겔의 공공적 자율성 이론이 원자론적 개인주의의 한계를 분명하게 보여준다는 점에서 뿐만 아니라, 레비나스-데리다적인 접근방식과 구별되는 타자(other)에 관한 이중적-복합적 이론을 포함하는 주체이론을 제공하고 있다는 점을 강조하고자 한다.

• 영미문화
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.51-78
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• 2018

To put it simply, thing theory is a study of meaningful capacities of materiality. Although T. S. Eliot regarded pathetic fallacy as the bad example of objective correlatives in his modernism poetry theory, it is clear that many objects in literary works reflect diverse human desires. Among many, Victorian sensation novels are the most distinct genre where the various paraphernalia in them indicate the distorted and exaggerated greed of the industrial revolution era. Whereas the male protagonists are usually related with the norms objects of authority such as portrait and locket, the female characters' connection with cosmetics and white dress shows their oppressed and fragile position in the patriarchal and hierarchical society. In the (post)modern society, the ambiguity of things has grown rapidly due to the increasing discrepancy between objects and things. In special, the new journalism and the psychological realism novels often reveal the post-truth phenomenon because consumerized audience depend more upon the attraction and affect than the mere evidence and facts. For the individual, according to object relations theory, these alternative facts are rather internalized into their mind as the internal object when they are motivated by the non/contact with primary caregivers in their childhood. The dominant material imagery in (post)modern fiction becomes the site of resistance because of their reconstructed and extended meaning. The object relations theory and thing theory can be effectively used to uncover the complicated meanings of desired objects by using the human-object's meaningful relations and early mental images that are secretly alive still in the present.

• 한국철학논집
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• 제35호
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• pp.109-129
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• 2012

농암(農巖) 김창협(金昌協)에 대하여 당시 학계에서 그의 인물성론(人物性論)에 대한 해석에서 초년미정설(初年未定說)과 만년정론(晩年定論)이라는 논란이 일어났다. 오희상(吳熙常)은 "상우재중용의의문목(上尤齋中庸疑義問目)"은 초년미정설, "여권유도재론사변록변(與權有道再論思辨錄辨)"은 만년정론이라고 해석하였다. 뿐만 아니라 그의 동생 김창흡(金昌翕)도 "상우재중용의의문목(上尤齋中庸疑義問目)"을 초년미정설이라고 해석한다. 김창협의 제자 어유봉(魚有鳳)은 서변(書辨)과 잡식(雜識)을 만년정론이라고 해석하였다. 임성주(任聖周)는 잡지를 초년미정설과 만년정설이라고 해석하였다. 이로 인하여 현재의 연구자들도 그에 동조하여 김창협의 인물성론에 대하여 초년설과 만년설에 차이가 있다고 해석한다. 반면에 임성주는 김창협의 잡지에서 초년의 인물성동론이 만년에 인물성이론으로 고쳤다고 주장한다. 그러나 김창협의 "상우재중용의의문목(上尤齋中庸疑義問目)"에서는 기의 통색(通塞)으로 인하여 리도 그에 따라서 편전(偏全)이 있다고 말함으로서 인물성이론이 나타나고 있다. 반면에 "여권유도재론사변록변(與權有道再論思辨錄辨)"에서 직접 동론과 이론이 모두 나타나고 있다. 만물과 인간의 리가 같다고 여겼고 그것은 인물성동론을 의미한다. 반면에 인간이 생성될 때 형기의 정을 얻었기 때문에 그 성은 온전하지만, 다른 생물은 그 편을 얻었기 때문에 그 성이 온전하지 못하다고 하는데 그것은 인물성이론이다. 인물성동론의 이유는 리(理), 이론은 형기(形氣)의 차이에서 일어난다고 여겼던 것이다. 하지만 잡지에서 직접은 아니지만 간접적으로 인물성동론과 이론이 나타나고 있다. 반면에 낙론의 어유봉과 오희상은 잡지를 만년정론이라고 해석한다. 같은 글에 대한 해석에서 이러한 차이점이 있다는 것은 결국 이들 모두 자신의 학설을 김창협에 가탁했다고 할 수 있다. 김창협의 인물성론에 대한 해석으로서 초년미정설과 만년정론은 후세 학자들의 구분일 뿐이다. 자신들의 학설을 김창협의 권위에 가탁했던 것이다. 결국 김창협에게서 그러한 변화는 없었다고 할 수 있다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.397-405
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• 2018

In this paper, a novel simple shear deformation theory for buckling analysis of single layer graphene sheet is formulated using the nonlocal differential constitutive relations of Eringen. The present theory involves only three unknown and three governing equation as in the classical plate theory, but it is capable of accurately capturing shear deformation effects, instead of five as in the well-known first shear deformation theory (FSDT) and higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT). A shear correction factor is, therefore, not required. Nonlocal elasticity theory is employed to investigate effects of small scale on buckling of the rectangular nano-plate. The equations of motion of the nonlocal theories are derived and solved via Navier's procedure for all edges simply supported boundary conditions. The results are verified with the known results in the literature. The influences played by Effects of nonlocal parameter, length, thickness of the graphene sheets and shear deformation effect on the critical buckling load are studied. Verification studies show that the proposed theory is not only accurate and simple in solving the buckling nanoplates, but also comparable with the other higher-order shear deformation theories which contain more number of unknowns.