• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.45-55
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• 2020

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of WBC (whole-body cryotherapy)on the MVIC (maximal voluntary isometric contraction)and active ROM (range of motion) recovery of after EIMD (exercise-induced muscle injury). Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Methods: Thirty subjects who are student in their 20s at a university participated in this study, these subjects were assigned into three groups, a control group (n=10), experiment group I(n=10), and experiment group II (n=10). The subjects in the experimental group II were intervened by WBC (-130℃, 3 minutes) before induced EIMD, the experimental group were intervened by WBC (-130℃, 3 minutes) after induced EIMD, and the control group weren't by any intervened after induced EIMD. Results: First, In the comparison of the MVIC, there were significant variations with the lapse the time in three groups (p<.001) and there was a significant interaction of time and group (p<.001). In the among group comparison, the MVIC of experimental group II was significantly larger than those of other groups (p<.001). Second, In the comparison of the active extension angle, there were significant variations with the lapse the time in three groups (p<.001) and there was a significant interaction of time and group (p<.001). In the among group comparison, the active extension angle of experimental group II was significantly smaller than those of other groups (p<.001). Third, In the comparison of the active flexion angle, there were significant variations with the lapse the time in three groups (p<.01) and there was a significant interaction of time and group (p<.001). In the among group comparison, the active flexion angle of experimental group II was significantly larger than those of other groups (p<.05). Conclusion: The above results revealed that the WBC intervention after an exercise had a positive effect of muscle function after EIMD. Therefore we can consider the WBC as a considerable intervention method to prevent or reduce an exercise injury.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.962-970
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• 2007

A total of 1,200 LinNan Chinese color-feathered chicks were used to study the effects of methionine source [DL-2-hydroxy-4-methylthio-butanoic acid (HMTBa) or DL-methionine (DLM)] and dietary crude protein (CP) level on growth performance, carcass traits, and whole-body nitrogen and fat retention. The trial was designed as a $2{\times}2$ factorial arrangement, including two CP levels (adequate and low) and two methionine sources (HMTBa and DL-methionine). Diets were formulated for three phases, starter (0-21 d), grower (21-42 d), and finisher (42-63 d). Chicks fed HMTBa had higher daily gain and improved feed efficiency than DLM during the grower phase (p<0.05). A significant two-way interaction was observed for growth performance during the finisher phase and overall (0-63 d). Growth performance was greater for chicks fed HMTBa than DLM on adequate-CP diets (p<0.05), but this was not observed at low-CP level (p>0.05). Chicks fed low-CP diets grew slower, used feed less efficiently during the grower, finisher phase and overall. On d 42, regardless of dietary CP levels, birds fed HMTBa had higher carcass weights, breast and thigh weights than DLM-fed birds (p<0.04). Birds fed low-CP diet had lighter carcass weights and less breast muscle, thigh muscle, and dressing percentage at the end of starter, grower and finisher phases (p<0.05). Whole body composition analyses found that birds fed HMTBa tended to contain more protein and less fat compared to those chicks fed DLM at the end of the starter phase (p<0.10). Low-CP diets increased CP concentration in the whole body at the end of the finisher phase (p = 0.05). HMTBa supplementation increased whole-body N retention rate during the finisher phase and overall (p<0.01), and low-CP diets reduced N intake and whole-body fat retention during the finisher phase and overall (p<0.05). In summary, HMTBa was better than DLM on an equimolar basis for growth performance, carcass traits, and N retention in Chinese color-feathered chicks. Low-CP diets lowered growth performance as well as carcass traits in color-feathered birds, probably due to imbalanced AA profiles.

• 대한디지털의료영상학회논문지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.7-11
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• 2014

The body to achieve an interaction that are connected to each other. Foot of which plays an important role in motor activity. Insole that has been recently used, have a dynamic functional elements. In particular, support of Arch plays a very important role in terms of a motor function of the human body as a whole. It is possible to predict the proper support Arch with insole, the overall structure of the body there can affect the balance. In this study, by applying the insole which supports the Longitudinal arch and Transverse arch, you are trying to assess the interaction of balance and the body's ability. To target the 20 there is no problem in the sense of balance, college student, and changes were observed by measuring the Center of Position area and distance through the Biorescue device worn before and after led by Arch support. As a result, I showed improved results significantly discount rate after wearing in the Center of Position area and distance to assess the balance ability. Therefore, the correction insole function is to support the Longitudinal arch and Transverse arch to an important role in the foot. It may be that it has a functional element for improving the balance of the function of preventing collapse of the arch during walking, to disperse the weight of the entire foot, us reduce fatigue in the end.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.45-57
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• 2014

Objective : The purpose of this study is to understand aging and skin aging with both western and Korean medicine. Methods : We investigated the comprehension of general aging and skin aging in both western and Korean medicine through literature review. Result : The results are as follows. 1. Aging in western is a complex process influenced by telomere shortening and damage to cellular DNA. In Korean medicine, it is supposed that decline of interaction between yin(陰) and yang(陽) makes aging. 2. Skin aging in western medicine consists of intrinsic aging and extrinsic aging. In Korean medicine, skin aging goes with the aging of whole body and distinctive features of geroderma notice the unbalance of the whole body function. 3. Generally geroderma has decreased development of cells and low immunity, which is the function of kidney(腎) in Korean medicine. Conclusion : Further studies are needed to apply comprehension of skin aging in Korean medicine to clinical stage.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.223-229
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• 2012

Clinical and preclinical in vivo immune cell imaging approaches have been used to study immune cell proliferation, apoptosis and interaction at the microscopic (intra-vital imaging) and macroscopic (whole-body imaging) level by use of ex vivo or in vivo labeling method. A series of imaging techniques ranging from non-radiation based techniques such as optical imaging, MRI, and ultrasound to radiation based CT/nuclear imaging can be used for in vivo immune cell tracking. These imaging modalities highlight the intrinsic behavior of different immune cell populations in physiological context. Fluorescent, radioactive or paramagnetic probes can be used in direct labeling protocols to monitor the specific cell population. Reporter genes can also be used for genetic, indirect labeling protocols to track the fate of a given cell subpopulation in vivo. In this review, we summarized several methods dealing with dendritic cell, macrophage, and T lymphocyte specifically labeled for different macroscopic whole-body imaging techniques both for the study of their physiological function and in the context of immunotherapy to exploit imaging-derived information and immune-based treatments.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.81-88
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• 2000

Unlike structures in the air, the vibration analysis of a submerged or floating structure such as offshore structures or ships is possible only when the fluid-structure interaction is understood, as the whole or part of the structure is in contact with water. Specially, the importance of the added mass is not necessary to say like the submerged vehicle, all of the hull body, is positioned in the water. This paper introduce two method to find natural frequency in consideration of fluid-structure modal coupled vibration analysis. The purpose of this study is to analyze of the vibration characteristic of submerged vehicle to obtain the anti-vibration design data, which could be used in the preliminary design stage data. Underwater pressure hull of submerged vehicle is used as the model of this study. The F.E.M model is meshed by shell and beam element. Also, considering of the inner hull weight, mass element is distributed in the direction of hull length. Numerical calculations are accomplished using the commercial B.E.M code. The characteristics of natural frequency(eigenvalues), mode shape(eigenvectors) and frequency-displacement response are analyzed. The results of this study will be used as the useful design data in preliminary anti-vibration design stage.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.125-133
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• 2009

To numerically simulate aerodynamics of rotor-airframe interaction in a rigorous manner, we need to solve the Navier-Stokes system for a rotor-airframe combination as a whole. This often imposes a serious computational burden since rotating blades and a stationary body have to be simultaneously dealt with. An efficient alternative is to adopt a momentum source method in which the action of rotor is approximated as momentum source over a rotor disc plane in a stationary computational domain. This makes the simulation much simpler. For unsteady simulation, the instantaneous momentum sources are assigned only to a portion of disk plane corresponding to blade passage. The momentum source is obtained by using blade element theory with dynamic inflow model. Computations are carried out for the simple rotor-airframe model (the Georgia Tech model) and the results of the simulation are compared with those of the full Navier-Stokes simulation with moving mesh system for rotor and with experimental data. It is shown that the present simulation yields results as good as those of the full Navier-Stokes simulation.

• 복식
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• 제60권7호
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• pp.14-30
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to come up with a perspective that can enhance the understanding about the mechanism of fashion change. The starting idea of this study is that fashion has changed according to the ideal body image of the specific society or individual. The theoretical framework about the ideal body image has been studied by the literatures on the subject and it is verified by the analysis of John Galliano & Martin Margiela's fashion works. The results are as follows. First, Galliano exposes the woman's body as a sexual symbol which is articulated by men's eyes. Margiela describes the woman's body as human being which doesn't highlight any sexual characteristics. Second, Galliano emphasizes the body conscious silhouette whereas Margiela perceives the body as a whole, rather than looks into each body part. Third, Galliano uses lots of decoration to make display luxurious. Margiela restrains himself from using decorations and tries to create images by interaction between the clothes and bodies. Forth, Galliano expresses the eroticism by accentuating eyes and lips with strong color cosmetics. Margiela's fashion is not dazzling with makeup. He even covers the face with fabrics. Aesthetics in all societies is articulated by their hidden social power groups, and then it has influence on taking shape of the ideal body image and the mainstream of fashion. But the innate characters of individuals offer challenges to the fashion majority. The tension between the social power and individual character makes and changes the fashion.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2021

Gait kinematics and kinetics have a similar tendency between men and women, yet it remains unclear how walking while carrying a load affects the gait mechanism. Twenty adults walked with preferred velocity on level ground of 20 m relative to change of a load carriage (no load, 15%, 30% of the body weights) aimed to observe gait mechanism. We measured gait posture using the three-dimensional image analysis and ground reaction force system during stance phase on left foot. In main effect of gender difference, men showed increased displacement of center of gravity (COG) compared to women, and it showed more extended joint angle of hip and knee in sagittal plane. In main effect of a load difference, knee joint showed more flexed postuel relative to increase of load carriage. In main effect of load difference on the kinetic variables, medial-lateral force, anterior-posterior force (1st breaking, 2nd propulsive), vertical force, center of pressure (COP) area, leg stiffness, and whole body stiffness showed more increased values relative to increase of load carriage. Also, men showed more increased COP area compared to women. Interaction showed in the 1st anterior-posterior force, and as a result of one-way variance analysis, it was found that a load main effect had a greater influence on the increase in the magnitude of the braking force than the gender. The data in this study explains that women require little kinematic alteration compared to men, while men in more stiff posture accommodate an added load compared to women during gait. Additionally, it suggests that dynamic stability is maintained by adopting different gait strategies relative to gender and load difference.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.151-165
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• 1999

In this study, I consider the meaning of activity as the source of mathematical knowledge. Mind-body dualism of Descartes which understands that knowledge precedes activity is somewhat overcomed by Ryle who understands that knowledge and activity are two sides of the same coin. But his discussion cannot offer the explanation about the foundation of rightness or the development of rules which can be expressed propriety of activity or rationality. Contrary to these views, Piaget solve this problem by the reasonability of 'the whole system of activity'. The theory of Dewey can be evaluated as an origin of activism of Piaget. Piaget considers knowledge as the system of activity itself, whereas Dewey considers knowledge as 'the result of activity'. This view of Dewey is related to the view of pragmatism which considers 'practice' is more important than 'theory'. The nature of 'activity' in this study has to be understanded as the interaction or the relation between the subject and the object. If we understand activity like this, we can explain that the whole structure of activity has the 'wholeness' that cannot be simply restored to the sum total of 'parts' and the new structure is a self-regulative transformation system which includes former structure continuously.