• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.77-87
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• 2012

Discussion on North Korea as UN-REDD (Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation in developing countries) project target continues with a view to preventing deforestation and to securing CER(certified emission reduction) for South Korea. However, due to North Korea's political shutdown, it is hard to acquire information required for the REDD project registration. This research intends to acquire objective data using satellite images in the Mt. Geumgang. More than 20% of entire forested area were disappeared during the past two decades mainly due to conversion into agricultural farming land. Further, it is expected that persistent deforestation will go on. The reduction potential of the carbon emission is estimated as approximately 617,000 tCO2/year~663.000 tCO2/year. Thus, Mt. Geumgang is considered as realistic REDD target, which is attractive to South Korea, given that the obligation to reduce greenhouse gas emission is likely to be imposed upon the country. Further, political and social benefits due to reduced military conflict make Mt. Geumgang as UN-REDD project target invaluable.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.43-48
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• 2022

The Kinzal missile launched by Russia in Ukraine and flew on March 5 or more speeds is the first hypersonic cruise missile used in combat. High speed leads to destructive solid power, and the security system's interception time is significantly reduced. Therefore, hypersonic missiles could be a game-changer. Even the United States, with its multi-layered defense system, admits the difficulty of intercepting it. Military powers like the United States, Russia, China and North Korea are focus on developing hypersonic missiles as offensive weapons, but their defense system capabilities are inadeqate. From this perspective, this paper identifies significant countrie's hypersonic missile development status and defense system capabilities and seeks to derive a countermeasure for the ROK military.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.341-348
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• 2016

The aim of this study is to suggest design requirements on the military barriers which are installed to reduce critical damage on protective facilities against sudden pin-point attacks caused by North Korean artilleries. For this purpose, site investigation and review of design drawings associated with barriers built in the contact areas are conducted. With identified data concerning barriers, the geometric modeling, which is used in the structural analysis, is performed. And then, the possible threat of North Korea is determined based on intelligence preparation of battlefields. Once the structural modeling and threat analysis are completed, structural damage on barriers and protective facilities are assessed in terms of impact, penetration, scabbing, and blast pressure effects. According to the analysis results, the thickness of barriers should be 450mm at least and current established barriers need to be structurally reinforced via sectional enlargement.

• Strategy21
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• s.34
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• pp.93-127
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• 2014

During the four years following the sinking of the Cheonan frigate in 2010, the South Korean public opinion has seen changes in four basic ways. First, public polls with respect to the cause of the sinking show that 70% of the people consider North Korea as the culprit, while 20% maintain that it was not an act carried out by North Korea. Second, the opinions relative to the cause of the incident seem to vary according to age difference, generational difference, and educational difference. From 2011, people in their 20s showed 10% increase in regarding North Korea as the responsible party. People in their 30s and 40s still have a tendency not to believe the result of the investigation carried out by the combined military and civilian group. Third, the most prominent issue that arose aftermath of the Cheonan incident is the fact that political inclination and policy preference are influencing the scientific determination of the cause. In other words, scientific and logical approach is lacking in the process of determining the factual basis for the cause. This process is compromised by the inability of the parties concerned in sorting out what is objective and what is personal opinion. This confused state of affairs makes it difficult to carry on a healthy, productive debate. Fourth, rumors, propaganda, and disinformation generated by pro-North Korea Labor Party groups in the internet and SNS are causing considerable impact in forming the public opinion. Proposed Strategy 1. The administration can ascertain public trust by accurately determining the nature of the provocation based on accurate information in the early stages of the incident. 2. Education in scientific, logical, rational methodologyis needed at home, school, and workplace in order toenhance the people's ability to seek factual truths. 3. In secondary education, the values of freedom, human rights, democracy, and market economy must be reinforced. 4. It is necessary for the educational system to teach the facts of North Korea just as they are. 5. Fundamental strength of free democratic system must be reinforced. The conservative, mainstream powers must recognize the importance of self-sacrifice and societal duties. The progressive political parties must sever themselves from those groups that take instructions from North Korea's Labor Party. The progressives must pursue values that are based on fundamental human rights for all. 6. Korean unification led by South Korea is the genuine means to achieve peace in a nuclear-free Korean peninsula. The administration must recognize that this unification initiative is the beginning of the common peace and prosperity in the Far East Asia, and must actively pursue international cooperation in this regard.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.77-86
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• 2022

The Republic of Korea is a country in which coastal surveillance is an imperative national task as it is surrounded by seas on three sides under the confrontation between South and North Korea. However, due to Defense Reform 2.0, the number of R/D (Radar) operating personnel has decreased, and the period of service has also been shortened. Moreover, there is always a possibility that a human error will occur. This paper presents specific guidelines for developing an AI learning model for the intelligent coastal surveillance system. We present a three-step strategy to realize the guidelines. The first stage is a typical stage of building an AI learning model, including data collection, storage, filtering, purification, and data transformation. In the second stage, R/D signal analysis is first performed. Subsequently, AI learning model development for classifying real and false images, coastal area analysis, and vulnerable area/time analysis are performed. In the final stage, validation, visualization, and demonstration of the AI learning model are performed. Through this research, the first achievement of making the existing weapon system intelligent by applying the application of AI technology was achieved.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.147-159
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• 2023

Recently, Chat GPT artificial intelligence (AI) is of keen interest to all governments, companies, and military sectors around the world. In the existing era of literacy AI, it has entered an era in which communication with humans is possible with generative AI that creates words, writings, and pictures. Due to the complexity of the current laws and ordinances issued during the recent national crisis in Korea and the ambiguity of the timing of application of laws and ordinances, the golden time of situational measures was often missed. For these reasons, it was not able to respond properly to every major disaster and military conflict with North Korea. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to revise the National Crisis Management Basic Act, which can act as a national tower in the event of a national crisis, and to promote artificial intelligence governance by linking artificial intelligence technology with the civil, government, military, and police.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.297-313
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• 2003

Problems caused by the U.S. military bases have attracted little attention until recently due to the national security of S.Korea and the peace of North-Eastern Asia, emphasized from the perspective of macro-geopolitics. However, since the political regime has been democratized and political discourses have been liberalized from the 1990s, those problems become a nation-widely serious social issue, though they have been brought about on the local areas. Thus, it can be suggested that micro-geopolitics is highly relevant and significant in approaching the local problems caused by the U.S. military bases, and ultimately resolving the macro-geopolitical problem of longstanding unfair relations in the SOFA and the withdrawal of U.S. troops. This paper aims to consider local problems caused by the U.S. military bases and resolving strategies from the perspective of micro-geopolitics. First of all, it discusses some significance of the micro-geopolitical perspective, as it has been recently emphasized in political geography in considering local problems and politics of life on the basis of place, then looks on empirically criminal and environmental problems caused by the U.S. military bases, analyses the questionnaire date on the perception of local dwellers around the military camps in Nam-gu Daegu, and finally suggests strategies to resolve those problems, which level up from the micro to the macro-scale of geopolitics.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.147-156
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is provide appropriate arms control measures between South and North Koreas by comparing and analyzing the former proposals and agreements in the past and the current Moon Government's approach representing the 9.19 military agreement. For this, I established the most appropriate framework for analysis through comparing and analyzing the arms control theories. The policies of the past governments and of the current Moon Jae-in government are analyzed. The most highlighted characteristic was that the arms control policies were projected by not from the military confidence, but political confidence building measures or both concurrently. In conclusion, I suggested the strategies of projecting confidence building measures and arms control or disarmament in the process of projecting the peace settlement. Nonetheless, the most important point is that the policies of arms control and unification should be pushed ahead complementally.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2016

ROK armed forces conducted exercise for something limited "Civil Factor" of Civil-Military Operations at the Liberalized Area in North Korea by using ROK battle simulation model and a linked US simulation model such as JNEM during ROK-US combined exercise period. However, they conducted exercise by exchanging with messages only during each exercise, because of hard coding for "Civil-Factor" and various situations applied onto battle simulation model and JNEM. Fortunately, ROK armed forces arranged the 5 functionalities of Civil-Military Operations which is adopted with military situation in Korean Peninsular. Even more "Civil-Military Operations Simulation Model System" is developing since 2014 by ROK MND. Among the 5 functionalities of Civil-Military Operations, the administration is fundamental. Its detailed operational plan is hard to be quantitative subjects because it is too qualitative to be simulated. But we found a way to quantify, and described simulation flow charts for the 5 main subjects (including 13 tasks) of administration to verify relevance between its simulation results and other functionalities. So we suggested a simulation method which gets an objective suitability, also hope this will be helpful to the Civil-Military Operations exercise.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.173-180
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• 2015

North Korea has developed ballistic missiles over the past 30 years. It is believed that they have a variety of ballistic missiles more than 1,000. Because these ballistic missiles threaten South Korea directly, accurate analysis of them is essential. Flight trajectories of the ballistic missiles are generally changed by means of adjusting payload weight, Isp, flight path angle, and cut-off time. The flight path angle is widely used to control the missile range. However it is difficult to predict the missile trajectory exactly in real operational environment because the missile could be launched according to its intention and purpose. This work analyzed the 1,000 km range MRBM's trajectory characteristics from adjusting flight path angle which is depressed as well as lofted method. The analysis of missile trajectory characteristics is based on the simulation of the missile trajectory model developed by KNDU research team.