• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.85-98
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• 2009

1. Objective The object of this study was to understand the clinical characteristics of the Taeeumin Symptomatic Pattem. 2. Methods The patients visiting the department of Sasang Constitution of Traditional Korean Medicine clinic from June to November of 2008 were used in this study. Those who showed a favorable turn after over ten days of medication and who showed up for at least two follow-up sessions were chosen among first-time visitors. Of these, 75 patients identified and verified to be of the TE type were chosen for the study sample. The Taeeumin were verified into two groups according to clinical symptoms into Exterior Cold Disease and Interior Heat Disease groups, of which the Interior Heat Disease group was further subdivided into the Galgeun-medicament group and the Cheongshimyeonja-tang group, based on questionnaire results. The Exterior Cold Disease group was set as the control group in order to contrast and compare it with the study group, the Interior Heat Disease group. 3. Results and Conclusions The questionnaire items shown to differentiate the Exterior Cold Symptomatic Patterm and the Interior Heat Symptomaic Pattern (indicating Heat-affceted Liver Symptomatic Pattern) were related to "dryness of stool," "dark urine colorm," "dryness of nose," and "dryness of lips." The items shown to differentiate the Galgeun-medicament group and the Cheongshimyeonja-tang group (of the Dry - Heat Symptomatic Pattern) were related to "nausea," "stifling sensations and palptation," "disturbed sleep," and "dizziness." Therefore, the sleep pattern, palpitation, dizziness, and nausea can be said to be indicators of the Interior Heat Symptomatic Pattern, and Dry-Heat symptoms are better distinctions between the Chongshimyeonja-tang group and the Galgeun-medicament group than Heat-affected Liver symptoms.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.63-73
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• 1980

Through the classical records of the oriental medicine my investigation of the authorities of the epilepsy by classifying the etiology, symptoms and the treatments of it and camparing them has led to the following conclusion. 1) The etiology of 'epilepsy' can be classified into wind(風), sputum(痰), fever(熱) convulsion and caul. 2) The symptoms of it fall into the following nine ones; Sudden strong contraction making Sounds within the mouth, unoonsciousness, mutual jerks of the facial muscules foaming form the mouth, trismus contractive of extremities general body rigidity recovering after the fit and no rest. 3) The symptoms of Epilepsy are classified into 'Um type epilepsy'(癲) and the 'yang type epilepsy'(癎), and then the former has nine kinds in sympatomatic state and latter seventeen. 4) The treatment of the case can be made by using of cold drugs mainly for the purpose of mind purification(淸心), fever abatement(降火), Sputum-elimination(化痰) and normalization of metabolism(順氣) and Sometimes the function of the liver should be normalized by giving liver function normalizing medicine after Emetics. In comparison with the western way of using Anti convelsents therapy and electricshock therapy, the way of its treatment based on the classification of the causes is considered to be far more desirable.

• 대한한방피부미용학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.177-197
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• 2005

Acute Mastitis(急性乳腺炎=乳癰) is an acute suppurative disease appearing in the breast. It is mostly caused by galactostasis, the stagnation of liver-qi(肝鬱) and stomach-heat(胃熱). It is mostly found in breast feeding women, mostly in primiparae. It usually appears in the third and the fourth weeks of postpartum. At the beginning in the chest there appear induration, distending pain, galactostasis, inversion to cold with fever followed by the enlargement of the masses, burning red, megalgia, not subduing of chills and fever, the accumulation of it to form pus. In the early phase it is advisable to follow the therapeutic principles of soothing the liver and clearing away heat, promoting lactation and subduing swelling. After the formation of pus it is advisable to cut radially and drain the pus. External Therapy(外治法) generally refers to all the methods to treat various diseases and symptoms with application of drugs and manipulation or together with proper instruments on the body surface except the method of taking medicine orally Acute Mastitis has been regarded as surgery or the method of taking medicine orally But, based on many bibliographies, acute mastitis was treated by external therapy. Thus through the historical bibliographic studies of external therapy about acute mastitis, this study was made to help the expanding of the methods of treating acute mastitis.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.440-447
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• 2009

Domestic ruminant animals are reared in diverse production systems, ranging from extensive systems under semi-arid and tropical conditions with poor feed resources to intensive systems in temperate and cold areas with high quality feed. Nitrogen (N) recycling between the body and gut of ruminants plays a key role in the adaptation to such diverse nutritional conditions. Ammonia and microbial protein produced in the gut and urea synthesized in the liver are major players in N-recycling transactions. In this review, we focus on the physiological factors affecting urea production and recycling. Sheep and buffalo probably have higher abilities to reabsorb urea from the kidney compared with cattle. This affects the degree of urea-N recycling between the body and gut at both low and high N intakes. The synthesis and gut entry of urea also differs between cattle bred for either dairy or beef production. Lactating dairy cows show a higher gut entry of urea compared with growing cattle. The synthesis and recycling of urea dramatically increases after weaning, so that the functional development of the rumen exerts an essential role in N transactions. Furthermore, high ambient temperature increases urea production but reduces urea gut entry. An increase in total urea flux, caused by the return to the ornithine cycle from the gut entry, is considered to serve as a labile N pool in the whole body to permit metabolic plasticity under a variety of physiological, environmental and nutritional conditions.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제28권3호통권71호
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• pp.232-243
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• 2007

Objective : This study researched the application of Sa-am acupuncture for the treatment of hiccup. Methods : We investigated the literature for Sa-am acupuncture treatment and traditional acupuncture treatment for hiccup. Result & Conclusion : In traditional oriental medicine, hiccup is considered to be caused by uprising stomach gi, whereas, in Sa-am acupuncture, it is considered to be caused by weakness and impurity of lung gi. In Sa-am acupuncture, hiccup is divided into five classes; reverse hiccup (treated with large intestine tonification), wind hiccup (treated with liver tonification), fire hiccup (treated with heart tonification), damp hiccup (treated with spleen tonification) and cold hiccup (treated with kidney tonification). In traditional oriental medicine, hiccup is treated by way of lowering the uprising stomach gi, while, in Sa-am acupuncture, hiccup is treated by way of removing whichever of the original cause of hiccups (impurity of large intestine, damage to liver, dry heat of heart, impairment of spleen, exhaustion of kidney) caused the weakness and the impurity of lung gi. In Sa-am acupuncture, the therapeutic mode for all the five causes of hiccups is tonification mode.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.33-37
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• 1986

It is well known that $^{99m}Tc-sulfur$ colloid or phytate hepatic scintigraphy is highly sensitive but not specific. Both $^{99m}Tc-DISIDA$ and bilirubin have been shown to share the same anionic transport pathway in the liver. Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) retains the ability to produce bile but has marked limitation to excreting it resulting in accumulation of bile within the tumor cells. Based upon such a fact, $^{99m}Tc-DISIDA$ hepatobiliary scintigraphy is used for the diagnosis of HCC. The present communication deals with our experience of DISIDA scintigraphic exploration of 9 cases of HCC in a retrospective way. We have made an observation on intensity of positive radio nuclide accumulation in the cold area of HCC as it is demonstrated by phytate scintigraphy. In addition we have semi quantitatively analyzed time-activity pattern and the following results were obtained. (1) All of 9 cases showed an increased uptake of $^{99m}Tc-DISIDA$ in delayed scintigrams. Of these 5 cases showed accumulation less than, 3 equal to, 1 more than the surrounding liver tissue. (2) The mean of the first appearing time of $^{99m}Tc-DISIDA$ activity in tumoral region was 2 hours and 20 minutes. (3) DISIDA scintigraphy provides us with positive informations of diagnostic value.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.960-966
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• 2002

Ramulus et Uncus Uncariae (JGD) has sweet in flavour and slightly cold in property, acting on the liver and pericardium channels. This drug was described in a medical classic as having the ability to remove 'heat', check hyperfunction of the liver and relieve dizziness, tremors, and convulsions, and subdue 'endogenous wind'. So this study was estimated to check the anti-neuropathological effect of JGD on the Alzheimer in βAPP overexpression in neuroblastoma cell line and JGD extract was showed significantly anti-alzheimer effects (50 and 100 μg/㎖ of JGD extracts) compared with control group. Ramulus et Uncus Uncariae has anti-alzheimer effects on the βAPP overexpression in neuroblastoma cell line. So we expect that Ramulus et Uncus Uncariae may be used as a drug for neurodegenerative disease, such as stroke, Alzheimer's disease (AD). These results indicate that Ramulus et Uncus Uncariae possess strong inhibitory effect in the nervous system of apoptosis and repair effect against the degeneration of Neuroblastoma cells by βAPP expression.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.803-811
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• 2012

Oriental Medicine always attach great importance to the damp diseases. Dampness is related with many organs and many clinical diseases. The cause and the location of the damp disease, nature of the symptoms, combination with other pathogenic factors are very diverse. This article analyzed the concept, cause of disease, pathogenesis, characteristic of symptoms, treatment method and prescriptions of Epidemic Warm Diseases of dampness syndrome and cases of dampness-heat diseases based on the theories of Epidemic Warm Diseases and found that theories of Epidemic Warm Diseases have very wide area of application. Dampness is classified into cold-dampness and dampness-heat by combination of heat or cold. The dampness syndrome is related with organs such as lung, spleen, kidney, triple energizers and bladder, and affects liver and heart. The basic treatment methods are dispelling dampness turbidity and diffusing qi movement. The detail treatment methods are spreading lung qi with lightness and resolving dampness and excreting turbidity in upper energizer, opening and dipping down with pungent-bitter and diffusing qi movement and strengthening the spleen and stomach in the middle energizer, draining dampness with bland in the lower energizer. Warming Yang is the main method of treatment for cold-dampness and clearing heat is for dampness-heat with the assistant methods such as resolving dampness and promoting the flow of qi. 5. Acute fever, virus diseases, epidemic diseases among modern diseases are much related with the dampness-heat syndrome.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.45-55
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• 2003

From the study of the symptom, pathology in prescription of Ha-Tong from The Bangyakhapeun. I have reserched 163 prescription. It can be concluded as follows. 1. Prescription about Fecal disease which was the most as 11.66% of the whole, following order Internal disease(6.75%), Uterus Disease(5.52%) Sick-by-Cold Disease(5.52%), Eye Disease(4.91%), Blood Disease(4.91%), Unbalanced humoral status Disease(4.91%), Gynecologic Disease(4.91%). 2. The Fecal Disease divide diarrhea and dysentery; The Internal Disease divides with Sik-sang(食傷) Chu-sang(酒傷), Sik-juck-yu-sang-han(食積類傷寒), Carbonic acid, Vomiting acid; The Uterus Disease divides with Urinnary Disadvantage, Urinary retention, Incontinence; The Sick-by-Cold Disease divides with yang-myung-byung(陽明病), sang-han-goi-jng(傷寒壞證), sang-han-bun-gal(傷寒煩渴), sang-han-sum-ou, sang-han-hyul-jng(傷寒血證), sang-han-ja-ri(傷寒自利), sang-han-bun-jo-jng(傷寒煩燥證). 3. The Diarrhea and Dysentery many used o-ryung-san, hwng-gum-jak-yak-tang(黃芩芍藥湯) hyang-ryun-hwan(香連丸) etc, and The Internal Disease many used pyung-we-san(平胃散) as a basic prescripton. 4. The organ problem use the Sil-yuol(實熱) of the liver, stomach, lung, uterus, small intestine; six natural factors problem used the Sil-jng(實證) of the wind, fire, heat, cold, dampness; And used Unbalanced humoral status, lntrnal hurt, qi and blood, seven extream feeling.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.107-115
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• 1968

Number of aspects, not only nutritional but social as well as political involved in human starvation pose nowadays global problems. In order to help establish the minimum nutritional requirements in the daily life of a man and to free people as well from either undernourishment, malnutrition or even starvation many workers have devoted themselves so far on the research programs to know what and how number of metabolic events take place in animals in vivo. It is the purpose of the present paper to examine in effect to what extent both of the protein and nucleic acids (DNA & RNA) together with an enzyme, guanine deaminase, which converts guanine into xanthine and in turn ends up to uric acid as an end product, undergo changes, quantitatively during acute starvation, using the mouse as an experimental animal. The mouse was strictly inhibited from taking foods except drinking water ad libitum and was sacriflced 24, 48, and 72 hours following starvation thus acutely induced. The animals consisted of two experimental groups, one control and another starvation groups, each being consisted of 6-24 mice of whose body weights ranged in the vicinity of 10 g. The animals were sacriflced by a blow on the head, followed by immediate excision of their livers into ice-cold distilled water, washing adherent blood and other contaminant tissues. The liver was minced foramin, by an all-glass homogenizer immersing it in an ice-bath, followed by subsequent fractionatin of the homogenate (10% W/V in 0.25M sucrose solution made up with 0.05M phosphate buffer of pH 7.4). For the liver protein and guanine deaminase assay, the 10% homogenate was centrifuged at 600 x g for 10 minutes to eliminate the nuclear fraction; and for the estimation of DNA and RNA, the homogenate was prepared by the addition of 10% trichloroacetic acid in order to free the homogenate from the acid-soluble fraction, the remaining residue being delipidate by the addition of alcohol and dried in vacuo for later KOH (IN) hydrolysis. The changes in body and liver wegihts during acute starvation were checked gravimetrically. Protein contents in the liver were monitored by the method of Lowry et al; and guanine deaminase activities were followed by the assay of liberated ammonia from the substrate utilizing the Caraway's colorimetry. The extraction of both DNA and RNA was performed by the Schmidt-Thannhauser's method, which was followed by Marmur's method of purification for DNA and by Chargaff's method of purification for RNA. The determinations of both DNA and RNA were carried out by the diphenylamine reaction for the former and by the orcinol reaction for the latter. The following resume was the results of the present work. 1. It was observed that the body as well as liver weights fall abruptly during starvation, and that the loss of body weight showed no statistical correlation with the decreases in the content of liver protein. 2. The content of liver protein and activity of liver guanine deaminase activity as well decline dramatically, and the specific activities of the enzyme (activity/protein), however, decreased gradually as starvation proceeded. 3. Both of the nucleic acids, DNA and RNA, showed decrements in the liver of mouse during acute starvation; the latter, however, being more striking in the decline as compared to the former. 4. The decreases in the liver protein content as resulted from the acute starvation had no statistically significant correlation with the decrements of DNA in the same tissue, but had regressed with a significant statistical correlation with the fall of RNA in the tissue. 5. The decrease in the activity of guanine deaminase in the liver of mouse during acute starvation was functionally more proportional to the decrease in RNA than DNA, and moreover correlated with the changes in the content of the liver protein. 6. The possible mechanisms involved during in this acute starvation as bring the decreases in the contents of DNA, protein, and guanine deaminase were discussed briefly.