• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.207-218
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• 2013

Social capital theory provides a framework for analyzing the economic well-being. The purpose of this study is to analyze the age effect of social capital by comparing middle aged and the elderly, as well as to investigate the independent effects of social capital on their subjective economic well-being, respectively. The two concepts of "trust" and "social network" were used to measure the level of social capital. Comparisons between the age groups were made regarding the relationships between social capital and economic well-being of four age groups, including younger middle-aged, older middle-aged, younger elderly, and older elderly. Data from the $2^{nd}$ wave of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA) were used. The final sample for this analysis is 8,406 respondents aged 45~84. The major findings are as follows. First, the level of social capital, trust and social network, is statistically different by age groups. Second, the model fits in the case of model including social capital variables are all larger than their counterparts in the four age groups. Third, social capital is "resource" that can contribute to increasing the subjective economic well-being. Based on the empirical results, implications for welfare policies related with issues of social security for the elderly in Korea are provided.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.197-206
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of parenting on job satisfaction and psychological well-being in employed women, with moderating effects of marital stress. The present study was based on a sample of 258 full-time employed women aged 30-49 in dual-earner families. The effects of parenting experiences on job satisfaction and psychological well-being were examined separately for women with low and high marital stress. Both parenting rewards and costs were significantly associated with psychological well-being in women with high marital stress. For women with low marital stress, parenting rewards and costs did not predict psychological well-being. Among women with high marital stress, parenting rewards were positively associated with psychological well-being and parenting costs were negatively associated with psychological well-being. In contrast, only parenting costs were a good predictor of job satisfaction for women with high marital stress. In conclusion, the effects of parenting experiences on job satisfaction and psychological well-being were mediated by the level of marital stress in employed women.

• 한국노년학
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.527-547
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate how depression, death anxiety, and social support can exert influence on the psychological well-being of elderly living alone through a parameter of resilience. A survey was conducted involving 988 elderly over the age of 65 living alone in the Daejeon metropolitan area and Chungcheongnam-do and the data were analyzed using structure equation model. The results were as follows. First, in the measurement of variables according to demographic characteristics, depression showed significant differences depending on gender, level of education, health, and financial condition, while death anxiety differed depending on gender, and level of education. Social support was significantly different by gender, age, level of education, region, health, and financial condition. The level of resilience was significantly different by gender, age, level of education, health, and financial condition. Psychological well-being varied according to gender, level of education, health, and financial condition. Second, the effects of depression, death anxiety and social support on psychological well-being were examined. It was found that depression had a negative influence and social support had a positive impact while death anxiety showed no influence. Third, with regard to the effects of depression, death anxiety, social support on resilience, depression was found having negative influence, whereas social support having positive influence. Forth, psychological well-being was positively affected by resilience. Also, through the mediated pathway of resilience, their psychological well-being seemed to totally improve when the negative factors were reduced and the positive ones promoted. This study may have some significance in reference to examine the factors affecting the psychological well-being of elderly living alone and to develop social welfare service programs and policies in the field.

• Korean Journal of Hospice Care
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.42-55
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of spiritual nursing intervention on spiritual well-being and depression level of the hospice patients. Method: The subjects for this study were collected from 62 patients who were admitted in the hospice care unit from July 28, 2002 to October 31, 2002 in D city K hospital. Subjects were 31 members of the experimental group and 31 members of the control group. It was devised with a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The spiritual nursing intervention was given by using the therapeutic use of self, Scripture, prayer, Hymn and music, use of church community involvement and refer to pastors according to assessment of patients' spiritual need for 3 weeks(total 12 times and 1 hour per each intervention). Sangsoon Choi(1990) and Jungho Kang(1996)'s spiritual well-being scale, which was modified from Palautzian and Ellison(1982)'s spiritual well-being scale, was used to investigate patients' spiritual well-being. To investigate level of depression, OkHyun Song(1977)'s Depression Scale, which was modified from Zung(1965)'s Depression Inventory, was used. Data were analyzed by x2-test, t-test, Repeated measures ANOVA with SPSS/Win 10.0 program. Results: 1.The 1st hypothesis, 'total spiritual well-being score in the experimental group, who received the spiritual nursing intervention, will be higher than the control group who did not receive the spiritual nursing intervention' was supported(F=6.28, p=0.015, Interaction: p=0.000). 2.The 1-1st sub-hypothesis, 'religious well-being score in the experimental group, who received the spiritual nursing intervention, will be higher than the control group who did not receive the spiritual nursing intervention' was supported(F=12.75, p=0.001, Interaction: p=0.000). 3.The 1-2nd sub-hypothesis, 'existential well-being score in the experimental group, who received the spiritual nursing intervention, will be higher than the control group who did not receive the spiritual nursing intervention' was supported(F=6.87, p=0.016, Interaction: p=0.000). 4.The 2nd hypothesis, 'depression level in the experimental group, who received the spiritual nursing intervention, will be lower than the control group who did not receive the spiritual nursing intervention' was supported(F=10.45, p=0.002, Interaction: p=0.000). Conclusion: From the above results, spiritual nursing intervention was an effective program to improve spiritual well-being state and decrease depression level for the hospice patients. In the future, when the spiritual intervention, which the researcher developed, applied on nursing field, the hospice patients can have comprehensive well being including spiritual well being and peaceful dying life.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.27-42
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate the importance of well-being related to lifestyle choices such as food habits, food choices, life pattern, etc. The survey was conducted among college students using a questionnaire and a 5-point Likert score in Seoul City and Kyunggido Province during September 2005. The responses of 968 college students were analyzed by the SPSS program. The results were as follows. Most of the subjects were female(76.2%), and lived with their parents (85.6%). The average score of 'food habits', 'choosing food materials', 'purchasing' and 'life pattern' were $2.71{\pm}1.22,\;2.86{\pm}1.28,\;2.41{\pm}1.21,\;and\;2.97{\pm}1.31$ respectively in males and $3.01{\pm}1.20,\;3.00{\pm}1.32,\;2.55{\pm}1.20,and\;2.68{\pm}1.40$ in females, respectively. In regard to 'food habits', the scores were significantly affected by gender(p<0.001), smoking(p<0.05), alcohol consumption(p<0.05), exercise(p<0.001), weight satisfaction(p<0.001), method of weight control(p<0.001), use of nutritional supplement(p<0.05), attempts at weight control(p<0.001), regularity of breakfast(p<0.001), level of interest in well-being(p<0.001), and whether the individual tried a well-being item(p<0.001). In regarding to 'choosing food materials' the scores were significantly affected by gender(p<0.001), smoking(p<0.05), exercise(p<0.001), weight satisfaction(p<0.05), method of weight control(p<0.05), use of nutritional supplement(p<0.05), attempts at weight control(p<0.001), regularity of breakfast(p<0.001), level of interest in well-being(p<0.001) ), and whether the individual tried a well-being item(p<0.001). Out of the factors affecting 'purchasing', the association with BMI was remarkable. Students who were overweight, obese or underweight showed higher average scores than students of normal weight. The primary concerns and trial of well-being of college students were food and exercise. Therefore, the purchase of well-being goods is related to their weight control in college students. In regard to 'life pattern' the scores were significantly affected by exercise(p<0.01), use of computer(p<0.001), BMI(p<0.001), weight control(p<0.001), use of nutritional supplement(p<0.05), regularity of breakfast(p<0.001), level of interest in wellbeing(p<0.001), whether the individual tried a well-being item(p<0.001), and having taken lecture on well-being(p<0.05). Therefore nutrition education is needed for healthy eating habits of college students and it is necessary to develop a series of lectures to teach them about diet and exercise programs.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.109-121
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• 2004

This study is about the working mother's parental attitude and the psychological well-being of children. This investigation also analyzed the differences in the psychological well-being of children according to socio-demographic variables and whether there was a percieved affective nurturing attitude and monitoring of the mother. To study such differences, 437 second and third grade children with both parents working were chosen as the subjects of this investigation. The data was analyzed according to frequency, percentage, averages, standard deviation, Cronbach's alpha, t-test, one way ANOVA, and Duncan's mutiple comparison. The major finding were as follows: First, the results of examining the differences of the psychological well-being of children according to socio-demographic variables showed significant differences in the area of anxiety with respect to children's genders, maternal educational levels and maternal occupations. In the area of loneliness, the differences came only from the differences in the grade levels. Second, there were significant differences between loneliness and self-perceived competence in the psychological well-being of children according to the subjects' perception of an affective nurturing attitude and monitoring of mothers. In other words, it revealed that the group of children that strongly perceived an affective nurturing attitude and monitoring by their parents showed a lower level of loneliness and a higher level of self-perceived competence.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.51-65
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• 2002

The purpose of this study were to empirically verify the influence of varables on psychological well-being of married and employed urbanite and to provide a basis for promoting the quality of life. The subject of this study were 270 married and employed urbanite and interviewed with a questionnaire. The data were analyzed by SPSS/PC+ program for the frequency, mean, standard deviation, and regression analysis. The major results of this study were as follows: 1) The score of management of division of household work was a medium-level. The score of psychological well-being of married and employed urbanite was relatively high. 2) Variables that affect management of division of household work were sex, income, degree of using information, and degree of stress recognition. 3) Variables that affect psychological well-being were degree of work satisfaction, degree of income propriety, degree of stress recognition, fate control orientation and material orientation. 4) The influenced level of degree of work satisfaction on psychological well-being of married and employed urbanite was highest among the other variables.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.119-131
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• 2007

The purposes of this study were to find the general trends for the psychological well-being of Korean-Chinese Married Women(KCMW), to examine the differences according to related variables, and analyze the effective variables influencing their psychological well-being. The subjects were 337 KCMW over 20 years old living in China. The subjects completed a questionnaire and the data were analyzed using SPSS. The average scores of life satisfaction were higher and depression were lower than the median. Therefore the psychological well-being level of KCMW was higher than that of the median. The psychological well-being level of KCMW showed significant differences according to age, pattern of family and living condition. The life satisfaction of KCMW was influenced by living condition, family value orientations, ethnic identity, and the satisfaction of family relationship. The depression of KCMW was influenced by age, self-esteem, sex-role attitude, and the satisfaction of family relationship.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.151-164
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• 2014

This study was conducted to explore the relationships between the elderly's existential identity and psychological well-being in accordance with the elderly's age-identity so as to improve the quality of life in the elderly with prolonged lives. The data were collected from respondents who were more than 60 years in age who live in city Suncheon. The statistics used for the data analysis were reliability, frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, one way analysis of variance, and multiple regression. The results of this study were as follows: (1) A majority of the elderly (49.8%) acknowledged psychological age as actual age. (2) The degrees of the elderly's existential identity was 54.90, while the degree of the elderly's psychological well-being was 33.07. (3) The elderly's existential identity level was significantly affected by economic state, spouse, age-identity, monthly living expenses, household, religion, career, age, and health state. Further, the elderly's psychological well-being level was significantly affected by existential identity, economic state, spouse, health state, age-identity, monthly living expenses, household, education, career, and age. (4) The variables that affect the elderly's existential identity were age-identity, economic state, health state, religion, monthly living expenses, and career, indicating an explanatory power of 38%. Moreover the variables that affect the elderly's psychological well-being were existential identity, age-identity, economic state, health state, and monthly living expenses, explaining approximately 55% of the total variance.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.89-114
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• 2007

The purposes of this study were : (1) to find out subjective well-being structural model of people with disabilities, (2) to compare the female's subjective well-being structural model with male's. Based on previous researches related to subjective well-being of non-disabled, I applied a integrative model of bottom-up and top-down theories to subjective well-being of people with disabilities. Data were gathered from 497 persons with disabilities(253 males and 244 females) in Korea. This research shows that the female's level of life satisfaction is not different to male's. In female group, the objective life conditions(the level of education, family income, and to have jobs or not) and self esteems are important variables in subjective well-being structural equation model. In male group, on the other side, recognition about social support level is important variable. Various theoretical and practical implications for social work practice were discussed.