• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.38-51
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• 2010

This article is a theoretical and empirical study of engineering and gender, and also explores the policy development of WIE program. WIE in Korea aims to foster talented women engineers through the introduction of gender-sensitive engineering education system, field-adaptive skill improvements of women students, and industry-university collaborations. This study examines gender perspectives to analyze our WIE program. It is important to recognize that it's not enough to acquire institutional and structural equity in developing women in engineering. Above all, we should note our situations that has frustrated women's career development in engineering. In university education, we need to improve the engineering faculty's recognition of gender equity. Efforts to establish the professional identity of women engineers, involvement of men and women students, and building of women engineers' network are necessary elements to implement successful WIE program. Additionally, we discuss that policy support to WIE program should be continued and enlarged in university level.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.422-435
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that influence HRQOL for married working women. Methods: The subjects of the study were 577 full-time working married women living in five province. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire, from April to September 2006. Results: As for the general characteristics, there was a statistically significant difference in the level of HRQOL(total) according to age, education, menopause, family income, leisure activities, residence, duration of marriage, number of children, firstborn age, household duties of husband, job, career, type of work, women's income, and purpose of working. The level of HRQOL showed a statistically significant difference according to BMI and behavioral factors except for caffeine intake and follow up health screening. The HRQOL were significantly correlated with depression, marital satisfaction and job satisfaction. The multiple regression analysis showed that the HRQOL were significantly predicted by depression, marital satisfaction, education, regular exercise, daily working hours and job satisfaction. These variables explained 48.5% of the variance of HRQOL. Depression was the main predictor of HRQOL. Conclusion: It could be concluded that nursing intervention to reduce depression should be developed to promote the HRQOL for married working women.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.31 no.9
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• pp.1457-1467
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• 1998

The relationship between cognitive function and dietary patterns in Korean elderly women was investigated in this study. Twenty-four-hour dietary recall and cognitive function tests were performed in 170 elderly women aged over 60 years. Average age of the subjects was 71 years and the average number of family members was 3.3. Most of the subjects had less than seven years of education and their monthly income was much lower than the Korean average. Most of the subjects engaged in regular exercise and did not indulge in drinking and smoking. The average cognitive function score of the subjects was 58.4. Most of the subjects appeared to consume insufficient amount of food ; average intakes of energy, Ca, iron, vitamin A, and riboflavin were lower than RDA for the elderly. Cognitive function score was positively related to education level and regularity of exercise. Also, cognitive function score had a strong relationship with food intake such as total amounts of foods, fish and shellfish, milk and dairy products, total animal food, fruit, bread and sugar. Energy, protein, Ca, p, riboflavin, and niacin were also shown to have positive relationships to cognitive function score, while carbohydrate caloric ratio had a negative relationship with cognitive function. According to the results of multiple regression analysis, factors that most influenced on cognitive function were education level and riboflavin intake. The subjects who had more than seven years of education had significantly higher cognitive function scores than those with no school education. And cognitive function scores f3r those who consumed more than 2/3 of the RDA for most nutrients were significantly higher than the ones fir the subjects who consumed less than 2/3 of the RDA. These results suggest that proper education and adequate nutrient intake in quantity and quality by achieving food diversity are essential in maintaining cognitive function in later life (Korean J Nutrition 31(9) : 1457-1467, 1998)

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.10 no.1 s.19
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• pp.207-228
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• 1992

This study investigated the relationship between personality characteristics of individual and adjustment in the mid-life. The subjects of the study consisted of 374 married persons(185 men and 189 women) who live in Seoul and are 40 to 50 years old and whose last child is in middle school. Bem's short form BSRI, Rotter(1966)'s Internal-External Scale and Hayes & Stinnett(1977)'s MYLSS were used as measurements tools. The major results of the study were summarized as follows ; 1) While sex-role identity of middle aged men appeared in the follwing order ; Androgynous, masculine, undifferentiated, feminine, sec-role identity of middle aged women appeared in the following order ; Undifferentiated, androgynous, feminine, masculine. Both men and women had the moderate scores on the locus of control. The middle aged expressed a moderate level of life satisfaction with middle aged men reporting significantly a higher life satisfaction than did women. 2) Socio-demographic variables such as age, education, occuption and income have turned out to be significant on the life satisfaction of middle aged men. As for the life satisfacton of middle aged women, age, education, husband's occuption and religon had significant influences However, employment status of women, family structure, marital duration, number of child, status of last child, status of first child had no significant influences on Mid-life satisfaction. 3) Mid-life satisfaction of men and women was influenced significantly by sex-role identity and internal-external locus of control. Those men described as masculine and those women androgynous in the sex-role identity had the highest life satisfaction. On the other hand those of undifferentiated in the sex-role identity had the lowest life satisfaction. High levels of internal control were associated with high levels of life satisfaction. 4) The variables affecting the life satisfaction of middle aged men and women were education, income, sex-role identity, internal control. These 4 variables explained 27% of the life satisfaction of middle aged men and 24% of the life satisfaction of middle aged women.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.39-47
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of preoperative education using multimedia on level of pain, uncertainty, anxiety and depression in hysterectomy patients. Methods: A non-equivalent control group, with a pretest-posttest design was used in this study. The level of post operation pain, pre and post operation uncertainty, anxiety and depression of both the groups was measured. The experimental group was provided with preoperative education using multimedia on the preoperative day at the hospital. The control group was only given usual care. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN version 22.0 program. Results: Experimental group showed lower level of post-operation pain in 1 hour (t=-5.08, p<.001) and 24 hours (t=-5.20, p<.001) but not 48 hours (t=-0.91, p=.368). Uncertainty showed significant interaction effect of Group by Time (F=4.16, p=.018). Conclusion: Preoperative education using multimedia for patients with hysterectomy would be effective in lowering patients' level of pain, uncertainty, anxiety and depression.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.135-138
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• 2016

This study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence of underlying significant lesions among women referred for colposcopy after atypical glandular cell (AGC) smears and the associated risks. The present study reviewed data from women with AGC smears undergoing colposcopy at the Colposcopy Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand between January 2001 to December 2014. Significant lesions included cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2-3, adenocarcinoma in situ, endometrial hyperplasia, and cancer. During the study period, 170 women with AGC cytology were reviewed. The mean age was 45.7 years. Thirty-eight women (22.4%) were postmenopausal. Eighteen smears (10.6%) were further subclassified as AGC-favor neoplasia (AGC-FN). In total, significant lesions were noted in 27 women (15.9%; 95%CI, 7.8%-18.3%). Thirteen women (7.6%, 95%CI, 4.1%-12.7%) were found to have cervical cancer or endometrial cancer. Two variables were independently associated with an increased risk of significant histopathology results: level of educational attainment (secondary level or lower versus bachelor degree or higher) and types of AGC (AGC versus AGC-FN). Women who had low level of education and those with AGC-FN were at the higher risk of significant lesions (OR, 3.16; 95%CI 1.10-9.11 and OR, 4.62; 95%CI, 1.54-13.85, respectively). In conclusion, the rate of significant lesions among women referred for colposcopy after AGC smears is considerably high. Low education and smear subtypes appear independently associated with a higher risk of significant lesions.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.13-26
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• 2017

This study investigated the latent groups depending on married working women's work-family spillover. The effects of factors that determine mental health subgroups and differences were also analyzed. Mixture modeling was applied to the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women & Families to achieve the research objectives. The major findings of this study were as follows. First, there were four subgroups that could be defined according to the work-family spillover: mid-level spillover group (mid-positive and mid-negative spillover group), high-level spillover group (high-positive and high-negative spillover group), low-level spillover group (low-positive and low-negative spillover group), and high-negative and low-positive spillover group. Second, the results of mixture regression analysis to test the effect of eco-system variables showed that age, academic background, non-traditional family value, number of children, work hours, wage income, and availability of the maternity leave were significant determinants of the latent groups. The probability of classifying in the high-negative and low-positive spillover group increased when women showed a lower academic background and wage income, higher number of children and older age, and longer work hours than others. Third, the high-level spillover group, and the high-level spillover group showed the lowest stress and the lowest depression; however, the low-level spillover group reported the highest stress and the highest depression. Implications, limitations, and future directions were discussed based on the results.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.143-170
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• 2003

During the last few decades dramatic expansion of education occurred for women as well as men in Korea. Taking into account such a rapid expansion of education, this study examines trends in the effects of education on first occupational attainment among Korean women. Using the data from "the 4th Survey on Women's Employment," conducted by Korean Women's Development Institute in 2001, this study investigates the trends across three cohorts classified on the basis of the year of labor force entry after schooling: before 1980, 19801989, and 1990 or later. First, log-linear models are applied to the data to detect the temporal change in the overall association between education and first occupational attainment controlling for marginal distribution. The log-linear analysis shows that the strength of association between education and first occupation has declined over time. An additional analysis of OLS regression is conducted to see how the effects of each level of educational attainment on occupational prestige have changed across the three cohorts. The results of OLS regression suggest that the differences in prestige scores between the lowest and each of other educational levels are narrower in recent cohorts.t cohorts.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.224-237
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• 2003

Purpose : This study was designed to describe the relationship on climacteric symptom and health behavior according to hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in climacteric women. Method : Data were collected through self-reported questionaries which were constructed to include a climacteric symptom and health behaviors of climacteric women. The subjects for this study were 135 climacteric women between 45-65 years of age living in Kuri city. Among them. 65 were in the experimental group and the other 70 were in the control group. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, $x^2-test$, ANOVA, and Pearson Correlation Coefficient. Results : The results were as follows 1) There was no significant difference on the climacteric symptom between the group of women receiving HRT and those who did not (t=1.973, p=0.162). 2) The mean health behavior score for the group of women receiving HRT was significantly higher than those who did not(t=2.557, p=0.042). 3) The climacteric symptom and health behavior were positively correlated (r=.289, p=0.015) in women receiving HRT, while these were negatively correlated (r=-.242, p=0.043) in women without HRT. 4) Women in the HRT group showed higher climacteric symptom than the those In the control group in most items. 5) The mean score for health behavior was 2.76 in the hormone replacement therapy group and 2.35 for the control group. 6) For women in the experimental group, climacteric symptom was significantly different by the level of education (F=7.371, p=.001). 7) For women in the control group, climacteric symptom was significantly different by the number of children (F=2.873, p=.044), the level of education (F=5.616, p=.006), the number of abortion (F=3.231, p=.015), and the status of menstruation (F=4.129, p=.020). 8) For women in the experimental group, health behavior was significantly different by the level of education (F=7.351, p=.001), frequency of exercise (F=8.106, p=.000), and the status of menstruation (F=3.446, p=.032), 9) For women in the control group, health behavior was significantly different by frequency of the exercise (F=7.381, p=.001). Conclusion : This study results indicated that there was no association between the HRT and climacteric symptoms, while there was positive correlations between the HRT and health behavior. Therefore. it is assumed that HRT increases the positive health behavior of women.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.137-149
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• 2024

This study aims to understand the experiences of highly educated married immigrant women from China, who hold a master's degree or higher, when selecting an elementary school for their children and to explore the significance of that experience. This study included eight participants, all of whom were married immigrant women who had resided in Korea for a minimum of five years. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, which were conducted over approximately one year, from June 2022 to August 2023. The study was approached as a case study. As a result of this study, the similarities between the cases were "choices based on charactercentered education and cultural convergence", "choices for the child's future and career", and "choices influenced by the primary caregiver's use of bilingualism". The differences observed in the cases appeared in "choices based on the balance between global education ideals and economic realities", "choices based on specialized curriculum content", and "choices based on connections to higher-level schools". This study is important, as it underscores the need to conduct various research initiatives on multinational immigrant women and their children. These findings suggest that the study can contribute to the development of multicultural policies that are grounded in the actual experiences and critical awareness of married Chinese immigrant women, who constitute a substantial part of Korean society.