• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.713-722
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• 2016

The goal of this study was to assess the seismic performance of hollow cast-in-place and precast reinforced concrete bridge columns with triangular reinforcement details. The developed material quantity reduction details are economically feasible and rational, and facilitate shorter construction periods. By using a sophisticated nonlinear finite element analysis program, the accuracy and objectivity of the assessment process can be enhanced. The used numerical method gives a realistic prediction of seismic performance throughout the input ground motions for several hollow column specimens investigated. As a result, triangular reinforcement details were designed to be superior to the existing reinforcement details in terms of required seismic performance.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.7309-7314
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• 2013

Aim: To investigate factors that affect the place of death (POD) of terminal cancer patients. Materials and Methods: We recruited 702 consecutive patients (${\geq}18$ years) from 12 centers during July 2005 to October 2006, and 481 completed the questionnaire. In April 2011, we linked the data for 96.0% (n=462) of the deceased patients to the POD using the 2005-2009 death certificate data of Korea's National Statistical Office. The primary outcome variable was POD, and the predictive value of variables pertaining to patients and caregivers was evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Most patients died in a hospital (91.5%, n=441) and age, education, preference for place of terminal care, wish to use hospice/palliative care services, terminal cancer awareness, time between diagnosis and death, and global quality-of-life subscale of the EORTC QLQ-C30 of patients, and education and preference for place of terminal care of caregivers were significant predictors in univariate analyses. On multivariate analysis, patients and caregivers who preferred hospital/palliative care as the terminal care option over home care [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 2.68; 95% confidential interval (CI), 1.18-7.04 and aOR: 2.65; 95%CI: 1.15-6.09 for patient and caregiver preferences, respectively] and caregivers who were highly educated (aOR, 3.19; 95%CI, 1.44-7.06) were predictors of POD. Conclusions: Most of the terminal cancer patients died in a hospital. Our findings indicate that major predictors of hospital deaths are preference of both the patient and caregiver for hospital/palliative care as the terminal care option and higher education of the caregiver.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.11 no.1 s.34
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• pp.13-17
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• 2007

It is very insecure to treat a butane can for cooking out of door. The human injury from the accidents of butane cans has been getting increased 1.5 times yearly since 2003. In this context, the Institute of Gas Technology Training in Korea Gas Safety Corporation carries out explosion experiment to make trainees to take all possible measures to ensure safe management of gas in the field by fully recognizing the hazards of gas explosion accidents. This study intends to examine the influence of such explosion experiments on the trainees witnessing nearby. The GEN exposed to the active students participating in the experiment away from 25 meters from the explosion site was 57.94 dB and the GEN to the passive students not participating away from 50 meters was 51.92 dB. According to Weber-Fechner's law for the lower value than 65 dB which is the environmental standard, it is safe from the place 15 meter far from the explosion place. The environmental standard of offices is 50 dB, and it is lower than the environmental standard if the office is 65 meter far from the explosion place.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.109-123
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• 2010

The main functions of a Buddhist temples are as a place for Buddhist services and a place for sermons and each ancient Buddhist temple was equipped with a main and separate building. After Zen Buddhism was first introduced, there was a tendency to change the terms to Buddhist sanctuary and altar, as set forth in the Zen Buddhism code of conduct called 'Cheonggyu(淸規)'. As such, it was thought that the division between Buddhist service space and preaching space were relatively firm until the Goryeo Dynasty. However in the period from the end of the Goryeo to the beginning of the Joseon Dynasty there was an increasing tendency of integration of the two buildings. It can be seen that, in cases where both buildings remained, statues of Buddha were enshrined in these buildings without any distinction. Eventually it is led to the tradition of duo-Buddhist sanctums.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.235-238
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• 1999

In a ceramic green body, some degree of nonuniformity in density always presents. These differences in green density will appear as nonuniform shrinkage after sintering takes place. For the complex ceramic bodies with various curves and angles, therefore, it is quite difficult to foresee the final dimensions precisely after sintering. This simulation study shows that, considering the sintering process as a thermal shrinkage phenomenon, the use of NASTRAN enables to predict the precise shape of a sintered body. Based on this result, 'the reverse engineering technique' has been developed that can unfold the exact dimensions of a green body to have the desired shape after sintering. This approach will provide a simple and useful tool for ceramic engineers to fabricate complicate bodies with tight dimensional tolerances.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2005

The purpose of this study were to understand the resident's attitudes toward Ulleung Island and to identify the residents' perception of recreation and the influence of socioeconomic characteristics on their response. In summer of 1999, 222 questioners were obtained from a convenience sample of households within Ulleung Island. The residents perceived both positive and negative environ-recreation and economic impacts, most of the residents supported additional recreation development and disagreed to limit the number of visitors. Their perception of recreation impacts were varied with age, education level, economic dependency on recreation place of residence, and length of residence.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.364-367
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• 2007

We combined CC2431(Chipcon, Norway), as the platform for the Indoor Location Tracking, which follows Zigbee/IEEE802.15.4 standards in RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) and Base Station Node and then, embodied Indoor Location Tracking System. CC2431 is composed of the Reference Node that transfer its current position at the designated place and the Blind Node. The Blind node receives the current position(X and Y coordinates) of the Reference Node fields which are being contiguous and also, calculates its current position and transfers it to the Base Station Node. The base station node is used for receiving the current position of blind node and passing its data to the PC as a gateway. We can make sure where is the Blind Node not only from the out-of-the-way place of the server side but from the outside in a real-time.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.958-961
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• 2010

We can monitor home from any remote location using our existing telephone line. We have already some technologies to perform these types of application such as: Bluetooth, IR. But these are used in a limited area which we can easily come over in our system. Our propose system has two sections one is Remote Section (RS) where the client will place the request and another is Local Section (LS) where the telephone line is connected with an Input Interfacing Circuit (IIC). Input Interfacing Circuit (IIC) receives the frequency and converts frequency to machine language. Output Interfacing Circuit (OIC) sends voice signal to the client as acknowledgement through modem then the client proceeds for the next steps. This system can be used in commercial or industrial purposes such as controlling computer from remote locations, home monitoring system instead of man or any kind of switching.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.167-171
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• 2018

Background: Heart transplantation (HTx) can be a life-saving procedure for patients in whom single ventricle palliation or one-and-a-half ($1\text\tiny{1/2}$) ventricle repair has failed. However, the presence of a previous bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt (BCS) necessitates extensive pulmonary artery angioplasty, which may lead to worse outcomes. We sought to assess the post-HTx outcomes in patients with a previous BCS, and to assess the technical feasibility of leaving the BCS in place during HTx. Methods: From 1992 to 2017, 11 HTx were performed in patients failing from Fontan (n=7), BCS (n=3), or $1\text\tiny{1/2}$ ventricle (n=1) physiology at Asan Medical Center. The median age at HTx was 12.0 years (range, 3-24 years). Three patients (27.3%) underwent HTx without taking down the previous BCS. Results: No early mortality was observed. One patient died of acute rejection 3.5 years after HTx. The overall survival rate was 91% at 2 years. In the 3 patients without BCS take-down, the median anastomosis time was 65 minutes (range, 54-68 minutes), which was shorter than in the patients with BCS take-down (93 minutes; range, 62-128 minutes), while the postoperative central venous pressure (CVP) was comparable to the preoperative CVP. Conclusion: Transplantation can be successfully performed in patients with end-stage congenital heart disease after single ventricle palliation or $1\text\tiny{1/2}$ ventricle repair. Leaving the BCS in place during HTx may simplify the operative procedure without causing significant adverse outcomes.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.371-374
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• 2002

The optimal AP placement for wireless LAN is important factor for improving service quality and reducing cost. Logical area property, which is user's frequently posed place, must be considerated for flexible design. This paper proposes optimal multiple AP placement method based on path loss model which is one of radio prediction tool. The proposed method can got flexibility in multiple AP placement using user's defined parameter and tile optimization design uses Hopfield network algorithm The result of simulation shows that the proposed optimization design of multiple AP placement can improve service quality for wireless LAN.