• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.375-384
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to identify the level and correlation of subjective health status, attitude toward death and spiritual well-being of nurses. The subjects were 338 nurses in two university general hospitals located in Seoul and Gyeonggi area. Data were collected using a structuralize questionnaires regarding subjective health status, attitude toward death and spiritual well-being from March to May in 2013. Data were processed with SAS for Windows statistics program. For analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficients were performed. Nurses had negative attitudes toward death according to age, marital status, years of employment and job title, while spiritual well-being was different according to age, marital status, religion, education, years of engagement in clinical works, department, and job title. The higher subjective health of nurses was, the more positive their attitudes toward death were. The higher subjective heath of nurses was and the more positive their attitudes toward death were, the higher their spiritual well-being was. This study identified the relationship between the attitudes toward death and spiritual well-being and the health status subjectively recognised by nurses, and it is meaningful in that this study prepared basic data for development of an education program for spiritual nursing care or terminal care.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.671-681
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• 2019

Police officers in charge of investigating sexual assault cases are likely to have suspicions in the process of investigation to find out the truth about the case, which leads to secondary victimization to the victims, and these concerns are often unveiled as social problems. This study suggested the research question that what the causes of secondary victimization derived from the police officers in charge of sexual assault investigation are. The purpose of this study was to contribute to the restoration of the trust of the police by preventing or minimizing the secondary victimization of sexual assault cases in the investigation process. Among the personal characteristics of police officers, rape myth, tolerance n violence and hostile gender discrimination influenced suspicion and prejudice, and rape myth and hostile gender discrimination affected the lack of sensitivity. Among the workplace-related characteristics, the duration of employment and experience in sexual assault cases affects the lack of sensitivity. In addition to the revision of the law and the improvement of the system of sexual assault, the prejudice against the sexual assault inherent in the attitudes and behaviors of the police officers in charge of the sexual assault cases should be improved.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.91-109
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• 2006

This study was conducted to find out factors affecting patient safety management activities at nursing devisions of two university hospitals. The indicators of patient safety activities used in the study were selected from Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture which was developed by The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality in the United States. Data were collected from 372 nurses working at inpatient wards at two university hospitals located in Seoul and Won-Ju cities through the self-administered questionnaires, and analyzed using frequency analysis, t-test, correlation, and regression analysis. The result of this study were as follows. First, The mean of patient safety management activities was 3.41 which was a little bit higher than the average level. The mean of communication within the ward was the highest, whereas that of patient safety management culture was the lowest. Second, there were significant differences in the perception of nurses on patient safety management activities in terms of the educational background, length of employment, and work hours per week. Third, three variables of communication within the unit, attitude of top management, and attitude of nurses have significant positive effects on patient safety management activities. Fourth, 37.4% of the variation in the patient safety management activities was explained by the study variables. In conclusion, hospital administration and nursing managers should make an effort to learn the knowledge of patient safety program, show their deep interest on the patient safety to the employees and motivate them to communicate effectively each other within the work unit to develop a good patient safety culture and system.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.14
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• pp.5639-5644
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• 2014

Objective: This study aimed to determine effects of doctor-patient communication on the quality of life among breast cancer survivors in 16 communities in southern China. Methods: Multistage random sampling was to use to recruit 260 females from the Guangzhou Cancer Registry Database who were diagnosed with breast cancer. A questionnaire provided data on the doctor-patient communication (including the doctor's attitude, the patient's participation with the medical decision and information about the disease) and QOL (quality of life), as measured using FACT-B. Univariate analysis, non-conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations between the doctor-patient communication and QOL. Results: Females who received good attitudes from doctors demonstrated higher FACT-B (OR=4.65, 95% CI: 1.68-12.86), social well-being (OR=5.88, 95% CI: 2.16-16.05), emotional well-being (OR=4.77, 95% CI: 1.92-11.88), and functional well-being ((OR=5.26, 95% CI: 1.90-14.52) compared to the females who encountered worse attitudes from their doctor, adjusting for age, education, marriage, employment, family income, years since diagnosis, TNM stage, radiation therapy, chemotherapy and side effects, particularly when the TNM stage was 0-II and the patients exhibited no side effects. Regardless of the length of time after diagnosis, doctors' good attitudes resulted in higher QOL scores. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the doctor-patient communication has a significant association with the QOL of breast cancer survivors, mainly dependent on the doctors' attitude. Effective intervention is required to develop optimal doctor-patient communication.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.231-251
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to determine the factors affecting the drop-out from the domestic violence offenders' treatment group programs in Korea, on the assumption that it would be an important challenge to prevent the domestic violence offenders from dropping out from their treatment group programs in order to protect the victim women and improve effectiveness of the programs. For this purpose, the researchers sampled a total of 280 domestic violence offenders who had participated in the domestic violence offenders' treatment programs operated by 65 domestic violence counselling organizations throughout the nation. As a result, it was found that 159(56.8%) out of the 280 offenders had completed the programs, while 121(43.2%) had dropped out from the programs. As a consequence of comparing the two groups, it was disclosed that they differed significantly in terms of cohabitation with spouse and attitude toward sex role. As a result of the logistic regression analysis for the factors affecting the drop outs from the treatment group program, it was found the significant factors were employment, path of being referred to the program and attitude toward sex role.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.38
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• pp.206-233
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• 1999

The purpose of this paper is to suggest a scientific evaluation criteria for integration of person with disabilities by developing and measuring the index and indicator of disability integration. Disability integration index will be expressed in a simple number to represent the current situation which will summarize the level of integration of persons with disabilities from the perspective of outcome. Disability integration index is composed of four indicators-social attitude toward person disability, physical environment, participation in society expressed by employment and education, and social institution. Observation research was conducted to measure first two indicators of social attitude and physical environment while existing statistics and data were analyzed for other two of participation in society and social institution. The result of this study showed that disability integration index of Korea was 0.4832. Therefore this paper comes to conclude that the level of integration in Korea approaches to 48 percent which is half of ideal integration. However, this study has its limitations in selection of indicators and index formula which in turn must be followed by next studies.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.901-911
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was conducted during the period from August 30 to September 9, 2011 in order to survey difference in the general perception of medical market opening and factors related to the choice of foreign hospitals among dental hygiene and nursing students at universities in Seoul. Methods : For this purpose, 438 students were surveyed using a questionnaire and collected data were analyzed using SPSSWIN 18.0. Conclusions drawn from this study are as follows. Results : 1. With regard to dental hygiene and nursing students' perception of medical market opening according to general characteristics, significant difference was not observed according to gender, experience in working at a hospital, medical institution used, and the frequency of using medical institutions, but significant difference was observed according to department, and interest in healthcare-related news. 2. There was significant difference in dental hygiene and nursing students'pro/con attitude toward medical market opening, but not in gender, experience in working at a hospital, medical institution used, and the frequency of using medical institutions. 3. With regard to intention to visit and revisit foreign hospitals, there was significant difference between dental hygiene and nursing students in intention to visit but not in intention to revisit. Conclusions : The results of this study suggest that more research on the medical market opening portion dental hygiene and nursing students' perception and attitude did not differ significantly, so the more accurate and open markets for a variety of medical education and school education and a variety of materials through hands-on experience be grasped should allow. Furthermore, students' acquisition of accurate prior knowledge about medical market opening is expected to be helpful to activate their employment in overseas.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.349-368
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to identify parental factors associated with smartphone overuse in preschoolers. Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Relevant studies published in peer-reviewed journals from 2009 to June 2019 were identified through systematic search in 10 electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Central, EMBASE, Web of Science, NDSL, KISS, KMbase, KoreaMed, and RISS). Standardized effect sizes were calculated to quantify the associations of parental factors with smartphone overuse in preschoolers using meta-analysis. Results: A total of 30 cross-sectional studies involving 7,943 participants met the inclusion criteria. The following were negatively correlated with smartphone overuse in preschoolers: mother's parenting self-efficacy (r=-.35), mother-child attachment (r=-.28), mother's positive parenting behavior (r=-.28), mother's positive parenting attitude (r=-.25), and father's parenting involvement (r=-.15). Further, maternal factors such as smartphone addiction tendency (r=.41), parenting stress (r=.40), negative parenting behavior (r=.35), negative parenting attitude (r=.14), smartphone usage time (r=.26), employment status (r=.18), and age (r=.12) were positively correlated with smartphone overuse in preschoolers. Conclusion: Several parental factors influence smartphone overuse in preschoolers. These findings emphasize the need to assess and enhance the parental factors identified in this study to prevent smartphone overuse in preschoolers. Accordingly, we recommend the development of preventive interventions to strengthen parent-related protective factors and mitigate risk factors.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.679-690
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• 2018

This study investigated what factors influenced the willingness to work( or start-up) of the self-support program participants. And the hypothesis is that the willingness to work of the self-support program participants would be different according to their duration of program participation. The Survey was conducted participants in 11 local self-support center of Incheon Metropolitan city in the year 2013 and 2016. And it has been analyzed the factors affecting the willingness to work of long-term and short-term participants. The results of this study are as follows. First, the factors affecting all participants's willingness to work ( or start-up) were gender, educational background, experience of employment or start-up, availability of self-support allowance, familiarity with local self-support center's staff, attitude toward work, period of self-support subject participated. Second, long-term participants were affected by disability, educational background, experience of employment or start-up, and availability of self-support allowance. Finally, in the case of short-term participants, it was found that educational background, experience of employment and start-up, availability of self-support allowance, family intimacy and intimacy with local self-support center's staff were influenced.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.3-50
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• 1984

The levels of health knowledge, attitude and practice of housewives considerably effect to the health of households, communities and the nation. This study was designed to grasp the levels of health knowledge, attitude and practice of houswives and analyse the various factors effecting to health in order to provide health education services as well as materials for effective formulation and implementation of health policy to improve the health of the nation. This study has been conducted through interviews by trained surveyers for 4,281 housewives selected from 4,500 households throughout the country for 40 days during July 11-August 20, 1983. The results of survey were analysed by stepwise multiple regression and path analysis are summarized as follows; 1. Based on the measurement instrument applied to this study, the levels of health knowledge, attitude and practice of housewives were extremely low with 54.5 points out of 100 points in full. Higher level with 72 points and above was approximately 21 percent and lower level with 39 points and below was approx. 24 percent. The middle level was approx. 55 percent. In order to implement health programs successively, health education should be more strengthened and to improve the level of health knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of the nation, political consideration as a part of spiritual reformation must be concentrated on health. 2. The level of health knowledge indicated the highest points with 57.3 the level of attitude was the second with 55.0 points and the practice level was the lowest with 50.0 point. Therefore, planning and implementation of health education program must be based on the persuasion and motivation that health knowledge turn into practice. 3. Housewives who had higher level of health knowledge, showed their practice level was relatively lower and those who had middle or low level of it practice level was the reverse. 4. Correlations among health knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) were generally higher and statistically significant at 0.1 percent level. Correlation between total health KAP level and health knowledge was the highest with r=.8092. 5. Health KAP levels showed significant differences according to the age, number of children, marital status, self-assessed health status and concern on health of the housewives interviewed (p<0.001) 6. Health KAP levels also showed significant differences according to the education level, economic status, employment before marriage and grown-up area of the housewives interviewed. (p<0.001) 7. Heath KAP levels showed significant differences according to health insurance benificiary and the existence of patients in the family. (p<0.001). 8. Health KAP levels showed significant differences according to distance to government organizations, schools, distance to health facilities, telephone possession rate, television possession rate, newspaper reading rate and activities of Ban meeting and Women's club. (p<0.001) 9. Health KAP levels showed significant differences according to electric mass communication media such as television, radio and village broadcasting etc. and printed media such as newspaper, magazine and booklets etc., IEC variables such as individual consultation and husband-wife communication, however, there was no significance with group training. 10. Health KAP of the housewives showed close correlation with personal characteristics variables, i.e., education level (r=.5302), age (r=-.3694) grown-up area (r=.3357) and employment before marriage. In general, correlation of health knowledge level was higher than the levels of attitude or practice. In case of health concern and health insurance, correlation of practice level was higher than health knowledge level. 11. Health KAP levels showed higher correlation with community environmental characteristics, Ban meeting and activity of Women's club, however, no correlation with New-village movement. 12. Among IEC variables, husband-wife communication showed the highest correlation with health KAP levels and printed media, electric mas communication media and health consultation in order. Therefore, encouragement of husband-wife communication and development of training program for men should be included in health education program. 13. Mass media such as electric mass com. and printed media were effective for knowledge transmission and husband-wife communication and individual consultation were effective for health practice. Group training was significant for knowledge transmission, however, but not significant for attitude formation or turning to health practice. To improve health KAP levels, health knowledge should be transmitted via mass media and health consultation with health professionals and field health workers should be strengthened. 14. Correlation of health KAP levels showed that knowledge level was generally higher than that of practice and recognized that knowledge was not linked with attitude or practice. 15. The twenty-five variables effecting health KAP levels of housewives had 41 per cent explanation variances among which education level had great contribution (β=.2309) and electric mass com. media (β=.1778), husband-wife communication (β=.1482), printed media, grown-up area, and distance to government organizations in order. Variances explained (R²) of health KAP were 31%, 15%, and 30% respectively. 16. Principal variables contributed to health KAP were education level (β=.12320, β=.1465), electric mass comm. media (β=.1762, β=.1839), printed media, (β=.1383, β=.1420) husband-wife communication (β=.1004, β=.1067), grown-up area and distance to government organizations, in order. Since education level contributes greatly to health KAP of the housewives, health education including curriculum development in primary, middle and high schools must be emphasized and health science must be selected as one of the basic liberal arts subject in universities. 17. Variences explained of IEC variables to health KAP were 19% in total, 14% in knowledge, 9% in attitude, and 10% in health practice. Contributions of IEC variables to health KAP levels were printed media (β=.3882), electric mass comm media (β=.3165), husb-band wife com. (β=.2095,) and consultation on health (β=.0841) in order, however, group training showed negative effect (β=-.0402). National fund must be invested for the development of Health Program through mass media such as TV and radio etc. and for printed materials such as newspaper, magazines, phamplet etc. needed for transmission of health knowledge. 18. Variables contributed to health KAP levels through IEC variables with indirect effects were education level (Ind E=0.0410), health concern (Ind E=.0161), newspaper reading rate (Ind E=.0137), TV possession rate and activity of Ban meeting in order, however, health facility showed negative effect (Ind E=-.0232) and other variables showed direct effect but not indirect effect. 19. Among the variables effecting health KAP level, education level showed the highest in total effect (TE=.2693) then IEC (TE=.1972), grown-up city (TE=.1237), newspaper reading rate (TE=.1020), distance to government organization (TE=.095) in order. 20. Variables indicating indirect effects to health KAP levels were; at knowledge level with R²=30%, education level (Ind E=.0344), newspaper reading rate (Ind E=.0112), TV possession rate (Ind E=.0689), activity of Ban meeting (Ind E=.0079) in order and at attitude level with R²=13%, education level (Ind E=. 0338), activity of Ban meeting (Ind E=.0079), and at practice level with R²=29%. education level (Ind E=.0268), health facility (Ind E=.0830) and concern on health (Ind E=.0105). 21. Total effect to health KAP levels and IEC by variable characteristics, personal characteristics variables indicated larger than community characteristics variables. 22. Multiple Correlation Coefficient (MCC) expressed by the Personal Characteristic Variable was .5049 and explained approximately 25% of variances. MCC expressed by total Community environment variable was .4283 and explained approx. 18% of variances. MCC expressed by IEC Variables was .4380 and explained approx. 19% of variances. The most important variable effected to health KAP levels was personal characteristic and then IEC variable, Community Environment variable in order. When the IEC effected with personal characteristic or community characteristic, the MCC or the variances were relatively higher than effecting alone. Therefore it was identified that the IEC was one of the important intermediate variable.