• 제목/요약/키워드: thawed meat

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냉장에 의한 해동 홀스타인 안심육의 기호성 향상 (Effect of Cold Storage on the Palatability of Thawed Holstein Tenderloin)

  • 정인철;김미숙;임채원;문귀임;차인호;권혁동;문윤희
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제25권4호
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    • pp.637-642
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    • 1996
  • 본 실험에서는 동결된 홀스타인 안심육을 해동하여 다시 냉장시켰을 경우 물리화학적 성질과 관능특성이 가열육의 기호성을 향상시킬 수 있도록 변하는지를 검토하기 위해서 전단력가, 근원섬유 소편화율, 30KD의 출현 정도, 생육향 및 연도 그리고 가열육의 기호성에 대하여 조사하고 아미노산 함량과 ATP 관련 화합물의 차이도 비교하였다. 냉장 안심육은 생육향(p<0.01), 연도(p<0.05), 전단력가(p<0.05), 근원섬유의 소편화율(P<0.01) 및 30KD 성분의 출현 정도(p<0.001)가 동결 안심육 보다 우수하였으며, 동결육을 해동하여 다시 $3^{\circ}C에서$ 냉장하므로써 동결육 보다 전단력가(p<0.05), 근원섬유의 소편화율(p<0.001) 및 30KD성분(p<0.001)이 현저하게 우수하였고 연도(p<0.05)가 향상되고 생육향(p<0.05)도 좋아졌다. 동결 해동한 후 다시 냉장한 안심육을 가열하였을 때에도 해동 직후의 안심육에 비하여 가열육향과 텍스쳐가 향상되었으며, 기호성(p<0.05)도 현저하게 좋아졌다. 그러나 후각을 차단한 상태에서만 느껴지는 맛은 유의한 차이가 없었다. 그리고 동결 해동 후 다시 냉장한 안심육은 해동 직후의 안심육 보다 aspartic acid 및 leucine 함량이 많아졌고 (p<0.05) IMP 함량이 적었으며 (p<0.05), hypoxanthine (p<0.05)과 inosine의 함량은 많아졌다.

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Physicochemical Properties and Freshness of Spent Hen's Meat under Frozen or Refrigeration Conditions after Thawing

  • Gu, Hyo-Jung;Gu, Ja-Gyeong;Park, Jung-Min;Yoon, Su-Jin;Lee, Jeong-Soo;An, Ji-Hui;Kim, Jang-Mi;An, Byoung-Ki;Kang, Chang-Won;Kim, Jin-Man
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제32권4호
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    • pp.396-403
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    • 2012
  • This study was conducted in order to investigate the effect of storage temperature abuse on the freshness of refrigerated and frozen spent hen's meat. After a room temperature storage condition, two different storage temperature were followed: refrigeration and frozen storage. All parts of the spent hen's meats were thawed at 4 d intervals up to 3 times (2, 6, and 10 d) for 24 h. The level of bacteria on the different parts of the refrigerated and frozen meats was higher than 6 Log CFU/g under the following storage conditions: refrigerated - breast, 12 h; leg, 6 h; wing, 12 h at the $1^{st}$ analysis, frozen - breast, 12 h at the $2^{nd}$ analysis; leg, 24 h at the $1^{st}$ analysis; wing, 12 h at the $1^{st}$ analysis. The pH value for the leg meat was higher than breast and wing meats. In the color measurements, under the room temperature storage condition, lightness and redness values decreased but the yellowness increased in refrigerated meats (p<0.05). The K-value regarding refrigerated leg meats exceeded 60%, which is the threshold value to evaluate the degree of freshness, during the $1^{st}$ analysis (p<0.05). The VBN value of refrigerated leg meat was the highest and reached up to 96.93 mg%. Thus, studies regarding the possible decline in quality according to the change of storage temperature could be used in order to establish a basic database for the quality control of spent hen meat being traded with other countries.

Estrus synchronization and artificial insemination in Korean black goat (Capra hircus coreanae) using frozen-thawed semen

  • Kim, Kwan-Woo;Lee, Jinwook;Kim, Keun Jung;Lee, Eun-Do;Kim, Sung Woo;Lee, Sung-Soo;Lee, Sang-Hoon
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제63권1호
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    • pp.36-45
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    • 2021
  • Presently, there is an increased demand for livestock products all over the world which has led to more devotion on improving livestock population. Although goats have been bred for a long time in Korea, but there is not much research conducted on traditional Korean black goat (Capra hircus coreanae) compared to other livestock populations. Mutton consumption has been dramatically changing from medicinal use to edible meat and this trend directs the black goat populations declining and also mutton import quantities are increasing consistently. The present study introduced a new estrus synchronizing technique with subsequent artificial insemination (AI) for Korean black goats to enable crossbreeding with non-native breeds for the small or subsistent farmers. Our data highlighted that, the percentage of motile sperm from the electro-ejaculated samples declined significantly after freezing and melting. In addition, the sperm motility significantly declined with regard to sperm incubation period (0, 5, 60, and 120 min at 37℃) and was negatively correlated (64.2 ± 7.9%, 63.3 ± 5.8%, 49.9 ± 6.3%, and 35.9 ± 7.6%, respectively) in frozen-thawed sperm samples. Moreover, the E2 levels were unchanged even 24 h after controlled internal drug releas (CIDR) withdrawal. But, 48 h and 72 h after CIDR removal, E2 levels increased significantly. These data helps us to consider the two time points for AI; CIDR removal after 24 h, at which E2 decreases, and after 48 h, as the time at which progesterone increases. Additionally, the AI after 48 h of CIDR removal group exhibited significantly higher pregnancy and parturition rates (42.9%) compared to AI after 24 h after CIDR removal 28.6% group. In conclusion, these studies will propose an optimal estrus synchronisation process with subsequent timing of AI and also will promote the Korean black goat breeding industry.

Mitochondrial Malate Dehydrogenase 활성을 이용한 냉장우육과 냉동우육의 판별법 개발 (The Development of Differentiating Method between Fresh and Frozen Beef by Using the Mitochondrial Malate Dehydrogenase Activity)

  • 한규호;김남규;이시경;조진국;최강덕;전유진;이치호
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제34권10호
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    • pp.1599-1605
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    • 2005
  • 본 연구는 냉장우육과 냉동우육의 판별법을 개발하기 위하여, 한우 육을 부위별(사태, 등심, 우둔, 양지 )로 구입하고 냉장(4$\pm$ 1$^{\circ}C$), 냉동(-4, -18, -77$^{\circ}C$)상태로 15일 저장하면서 압착육즙채취기를 이용하여 근육 세포내 mitochondria 막에 존재하는 mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase활성 특성을 비교 연구한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 본 실험을 위하여 제작된 압착육즙채취기를 이용하여 정량적인 압착 육즙을 얻을 수 있었고, 1.5g의 우육을 이용하였을 때 0.15mL의 압착육즙을 얻었다. 냉장우육과 냉동우육 간의 mite-chondral malate dehyogenase의 각 부위별 활성은 사태의 경우 냉장우육은 23.63 Unit/mL의 활성을 나타내었고,-4$^{\circ}C$는 20.91 Unit/mL, -18$^{\circ}C$는 26.43 Unit/mL 그리고 -77$^{\circ}C$는 25.90 Unit/mL의 활성을 나타내었다. 동일한 부위에서 저장온도에 따른 효소의 활성도는 냉장우육보다 -4$^{\circ}C$를 제외한 법동 저장 온도(-18, -77$^{\circ}C$)에서 모두 유의적으로 높은 효소의 활성을 나타내었다(p < 0.05). 동일한 저장 온도에서 각부위 간에 활성의 차이점은 -77$^{\circ}C$에서 냉동 저장한 우육이 유의적 차이 없이 가장 높은 효소 활성을 나타내었고,-77$^{\circ}C$ 저장온도를 제외하고는 모두 유의성 있는 변화량을 나타내었다(p < 0.05). 실험군의 압착육즙 내 mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase의 활성은 10분간 흡광도 변화량을 조사함으로써 계산되었다. 등심을 제외한 모든 부위에서 호소반응개시 3분 후에 -4$^{\circ}C$에서 동결우육을 제외하고 동결우육의 효소 활성이 떨어지는 것을 확인할 수 있었고, 5분 반응 후에는 그 효소의 활성을 발견할 수 없었다. 냉장우육은 12분까지 활성을 측정할 수 있었다. 15일간 냉장우육 및 냉동우육을 저장 온도에 따라 저장하면서 그 활성을 측정하였는데, 저장 기간이 길어져도 그 효소활성의 차이는 유의적으로 변화하지 않고, 모든 실험군(사태, 등심, 양지, 우둔 부위 )에서 유의적으로 유사한 활성을 유지하였다(p < 0.05). 따라서 본 연구 결과로부터 mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase의 활성을 이용하여 냉장우육과 냉동우육 유무를 판별하는데 유효한 지표로 사용 가능한 것으로 사료되었다.

Effects of Processing Conditions on the Protein Quality of Fried Anchovy Kamaboko Engraulis japonica

  • Ramos, Leny R. Ordonez;Choi, Nam-Do;Ryu, Hong-Soo
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.265-273
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    • 2012
  • The effects of processing and frozen storage conditions on the quality of anchovy Engraulis japonica fried surimi gels were investigated. Protein content decreased after surimi gel processing from 19.6% (raw meat) to 12.1% (kamaboko) due to the added ingredients and change in water content. Lipid content decreased from 2.8% (raw meat) to 1.3% in minced and 0.5% in surimi, but fried kamaboko showed a 6.9 % lipid level. Thiobarbituric acid values and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels were highest in kamaboko samples, 89.5 and 1.9 mg/g solid, and increased gradually with storage time to 101.8 and 4.6 mg/g solid, respectively. In vitro protein digestibility increased from 79.2% in raw anchovy to 88.5% in kamaboko samples. Levels of trypsin inhibitor decreased gradually with processing and during storage time from 2.43 in raw anchovy to 0.31 mg/g solid in the kamaboko sample after 60 days of frozen storage. No noticeable changes in total essential amino acid was observed during processing conditions. Computed protein efficiency ratio for kamaboko was highest (2.59) compared with whole anchovy (1.96), minced (1.94) and surimi (2.50). Fresh fried anchovy kamaboko showed similar values of hardness, springiness, gumminess and chewiness to commercial surimi gel, but a higher values were seen for fracturability and adhesiveness, and lower values for cohesiveness and resilience. The frozen and thawed anchovy kamaboko showed higher values for all of these rheological parameters compared with fresh and commercial kamaboko. Anchovy kamaboko showed the lowest lightness (62.9) and redness (0.16) and similar yellowness (11.9) compared with commercial kamaboko. Frozen storage and vacuum packaging were effective maintaining the shelf life of anchovy kamaboko within 30 days, but were not effective after 45 days due to fat oxidation.

과냉각 온도가 급속냉동-해동 처리된 돈육 등심의 저장성에 미치는 영향 (Effect of supercooling on the storage stability of rapidly frozen-thawed pork loins)

  • 최은지;박해웅;정영배;김진세;박석호;천호현
    • 한국식품저장유통학회지
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.168-180
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    • 2017
  • 본 연구는 초저온 액체 침지식 급속 냉동으로 동결된 돈육 등심에 적합한 급속 해동방법을 선정하고 과냉각 저장이 냉동-해동 돈육의 미생물학적, 이화학적 및 관능적 품질 변화에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 4와 $10^{\circ}C$ 송풍식 해동과 4와 $10^{\circ}C$ 유수식 해동은 냉동 돈육 시료가 해동이 완료되는 약 290-750분 소요되었지만 27.12 MHz 라디오파 해동은 약 20분으로 가장 신속하게 돈육을 해동시켜 저장실험에 필요한 냉동 돈육의 급속 해동방법으로 선정하였다. 한편 $-1.5--5^{\circ}C$로 24시간 냉각 처리 후 돈육 횡단면의 미세구조 분석 결과, $-1.5^{\circ}C$에서 냉각 처리된 시료의 표면과 중심부는 동결에 의한 조직 손상이 발생하지 않았음을 확인하여 $-1.5^{\circ}C$를 과냉각 저장 온도로 선정하였다. 저장 중 대조구인 신선육과 비교하여 냉동-해동 처리된 돈육에서 발생한 드립감량은 유의적으로(p<0.05) 높은 경향을 보였지만 $-1.5^{\circ}C$과냉각 저장이 돈육의 드립감량 증가를 억제하였다. 또한 4와 $15^{\circ}C$ 저장과 비교하여 $-1.5^{\circ}C$ 과냉각 저장은 대조구와 냉동-해동 처리구의 TVBN과 TBARS 함량 증가, Hunter a* 값 감소와 b* 값 증가를 억제하는 효과를 보였다. $15^{\circ}C$ 저장 4일 후 대조구와 냉동-해동 처리구의 총 호기성 세균 수는 9 log CFU/g 이상으로 급격히 증가하였다. 반면 $-1.5^{\circ}C$ 저장 10일 후 대조구와 냉동-해동 처리구의 총 호기성 세균 수는 각각 5.62와 4.43 log CFU/g으로 관찰되었다. $-1.5^{\circ}C$ 저장 10일 동안 대조구와 냉동-해동 처리구의 대장균군과 효모 및 곰팡이 수는 저장 초기 수준으로 유지하거나 다소 감소하였다. 관능평가 결과에 있어서 4와 $15^{\circ}C$ 저장에 비해 $-1.5^{\circ}C$ 저장한 대조구와 냉동-해동 처리구는 모든 관능평가 항목에서 저장 중 유의적으로 높은 값을 유지하였다(p<0.05). 따라서 라디오파 유전가열 해동은 냉동 돈육 등심의 해동 과정 중 상전이 구간을 빠르게 통과함으로써 급속 해동이 가능하였으며 $-1.5^{\circ}C$ 과냉각 저장이 냉동-해동 처리된 돈육에 얼음결정 형성 없이 품질 유지 및 미생물 생장지연에 효과적인 것을 확인하였다.

Effects of Air Blast Thawing Combined with Infrared Radiation on Physical Properties of Pork

  • Hong, Geun-Pyo;Shim, Kook-Bo;Choi, Mi-Jung;Min, Sang-Gi
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제29권3호
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    • pp.302-309
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    • 2009
  • This study investigated the effects of infrared (IR) radiation combined with air blast thawing on the physical properties of pork. Regardless of air velocity, increasing IR dosage produced an exponential increase in the thawing rate of pork. This rate increased further when air blast velocity was increased. IR treatments showed significantly lower thawing loss than that of 0 Watt treatment, while increasing air velocity significantly increased thawing loss of pork (p<0.05). Increasing both IR power and air velocity tended to decrease the cooking loss of pork. Moreover, increased IR power tended to decrease the water holding capacity and shear force of pork. The shear force changes were not significant (p>0.05). Shear force also increased with increasing air velocity. In addition, the higher the air velocity the higher the shear force of pork. In Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) colour determination, control of temperature prevented discolouration from overheating of sample surface. The results suggest that IR dosage combined with air blast has potential in thawed meat quality aspects, and that humidity control could prevent surface drying.

돈육 유래 단백유화물을 이용하여 제조한 비가열 재구성삼겹살 및 가열 재구성 베이컨의 품질특성 평가 (Evaluation of Un-Cooked Restructured Belly and Cooked Restructured Bacon using a Protein-Emulsion Material from Pork)

  • 허선진;강근호;양한술;정진연;박구부;주선태
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.146-150
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    • 2004
  • 돈육에서 추출한 염용성 단백질과 유화물로 제조한 결착제를 이용하여 재구성 삼겹살과 재구성 베이컨을 제조하고, 재구성육간의 물리적인 특성과 관능적 특성을 조사하였다. 재구성 베이컨과 삼겹살 간의 육색을 비교한 결과, 명도값(L$^{*}$ )은 재구성 삼겹살이 유의적으로(p<0.05) 가장 높게 나타났고, 냉장육과 냉동육으로 만든 베이컨간에는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 또한 적색도를 나타내는 a$^{*}$ 와 황색도를 나타내는 b$^{*}$ 역시 재구성 삼겹살이 유의적으로(p<0.05) 높게 나타났으며, 냉장과 냉동육으로 제조한 재구성육간에는 적색도와 황색도에 있어 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다 재구성 삼겹살과 재구성 베이컨간의 보수력 비교에서는 재구성 베이컨의 보수력이 유의적으로(p<0.05) 높게 나타났으며, 그중에서도 냉동원료육으로 만든 재구성 베이컨의 보수력이 가장 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 재구성 베이컨의 인장강도가 재구성 삼겹살의 인장강도에 비해 유의적으로(p<0.05) 높게 나타났다. 또한 원료육의 상태에 따른 재구성 베이컨간의 비교에서는 냉장육으로 제조한 재구성 베이컨의 인장강도가 냉동원료육으로 만든 재구성 베이컨에 비해 유의적으로(p<0.05)높은 인장강도값을 나타내었다. 재구성 베이컨과 삼겹살간의 관능검사 결과, 육색은 재구성 삼겹살과 냉장육으로 제조한 재구성 베이컨이 냉동육으로 제조한 재구성육에 비해 유의적으로(p<0.05) 높은 육색을 나타내었다 다즙성과 탄력성은 재구성 삼겹이 재구성 베이컨에 비교해 유의적으로(p<0.05) 높게 나타났으나 연도는 재구성 베이컨이 유의적으로 (p<0.05)높게 나타났다. 전체적인 기호도를 보면 재구성 삼겹살이 재구성 베이컨에 비해 유의적으로(p<0.05)높게 나타났다.

Effects of Searing Cooking on Sensory and Physicochemical Properties of Beef Steak

  • Yoo, Ji Hyun;Kim, Ji Won;Yong, Hae In;Baek, Ki Ho;Lee, Hyun Jung;Jo, Cheorun
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제40권1호
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    • pp.44-54
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    • 2020
  • The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the sensory and instrumental quality of thawed beef steak prepared by searing and oven cooking. Beef purchased in the local market was divided into two groups; one group was cooked in a 180℃ oven until the internal temperature reached 60℃, and the other group was oven cooked until 35℃, then cooked in a 250℃ pan until the internal temperature reached 60℃. Despite a noticeable change in appearance due to the high temperature of the searing, there was no significant difference in juiciness, water content, and cooking loss between the searing-cooked and the oven-cooked steaks. However, in searing cooking, both scores of overall flavor and roast meat flavor were significantly higher than those of oven cooking. In the searing-cooked steak, the reducing sugar, which is a reactant of the Maillard reaction, was lower and Maillard-reaction products were higher than oven-cooked steak. From our results, it can be concluded that searing does not improve juiciness of the steak, but improves the flavor of beef steak due to higher levels of Maillard reaction products.

가열조리가 복어 추출물 함질소화합물의 조성에 미치는 영향 (Changes of the Composition of Nitrogenous Compounds in Globefish Meat Extracts by the Cooking Method)

  • 양영;한영실;변재형
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제6권2호
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    • pp.85-96
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    • 1990
  • Globefish, Fugu xanthopterus, known to have a severe toxin, is one of the favorite food in Korea and Japan when the toxic part is removed. In this paper, the effect of cooking on the composition of nitrogenous components in the extractives from globefish cooked investigated and the changes of the taste compounds originated from the nitrogenous components in the extractives were discussed. When the sample fish was analysed for general composition, drip amount and pH by the different methods of thawing, the method effective method was the running water thawing. Total nitrogen content in raw globefish and the frozen globefish was not different, and the nitrogen content was increased with the heat treatment. It seemed that the nitrogen content was higher in the extract from the boiled globefish than that of the steamed globefish. Taurine, lysine, glycine and alanine were occupied about 70% of the total free amino acids. Total free amino acid content was higher in the extracts from the frozen sample than those from the raw sample. The amount of free amino acids was increased when the globefish soup cooked under the direct-heat cooking than in the microwave oven-heat cooking. Among nucleotides in the extracts from the thawed and cooked fishes, IMP and inosine contents were increased, and the both components were decreased with the heating time and by the heating method. Tne content of total creatinine-nitrogen were 50% of the total nitrogen content of the extracts, but the concentration of glycinebetaine, TMA and TMAO were only a few amounts. It could be concluded that total creatinine components, including free amino acids such as taurine, lysine, glycine and alanine, and IMP might be the important components contributing to the taste of the cooked globefish.

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