• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.68 no.2
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• pp.364-369
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• 2019

Generally, since memory chips should be tested all, considering its volume, the reduction in test time for detecting faults plays an important role in reducing the overall production cost. The parallel testing of chips in one ATE is a competitive solution to solve it. In this paper, NOC is proposed as test interface architecture between DUTs and ATE. Because NOC can be extended freely, there is no limit on the number of DUTs tested at the same time. Thus, more memory can be tested with the same bandwidth of ATE. Furthermore, the proposed NOC-based parallel test method can increase the efficiency of channel usage by packet type data transmission.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.523-532
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• 2013

This study investigates risk reduction behavior with risk perception in outdoor wear purchase situations. Data were collected via a questionnaire from 400 consumers between the ages of 20 to 50 residing in Seoul and Kyonggi-do. Data analysis were conducted with SPSS 20 program on the reliability test, factor analysis, cluster analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple range test. Factor analyses were employed for the participation motivation of mountain climbing activities, risk reduction behavior and risk perception. Five factors were for the participation motivation of mountain climbing activities (health and fitness, external ostentation, achievement and excitement, improvement of climbing skills, and society). Five factors were for risk perception (fashionability loss and social risk, time and convenience loss, economic risk, performance risk, and psychological risk). Five factors were for the risk reduction behavior (interpersonal information sources use, marketer-dominated information sources use, professional information sources use, pre-purchase deliberation/observation/experience, and brand dependence). Three clusters were identified based on the motivation of outdoor activities (the affiliation/display, the health/internal informativeness and low motivation). The participation motivation for mountain climbing activities were varied. Manufacturers should increase efforts to develop products with good qualities at a reasonable cost as well as establish new marketing strategies since the risk of product performance and economic efficiency in the purchase of outdoor wear was a significant consumer perception.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.21-42
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• 2008

This study investigates economies of scale, cost complementarity and economies of scope for healthcare organizations using econometric approaches. The economies of scale appear to exist in each service provided by a hospital such as inpatient treatment services, outpatient treatment services, and other patient treatment services, respectively. When we test all services in aggregate level, it also indicates that the healthcare industry on average exhibits the economies of scale of 6 percent, which implies that scaling up hospital sizes will bring substantial cost savings to them Evidence shows that cost complementarity exists between outpatient services and other services for patients and, i.e., these other services for patients experience the reduction in marginal costs as the outputs of the outpatient services increase. For the economies of scope, they are present in most service areas; aggregate level services, outpatient services, and other services for patients, respectively. Inpatient treatment services, however, do not show any evidence of the economies of scope. Results show that the economies of scope are achieved by the general hospital type that provides all service areas such as inpatient treatments, outpatient treatments, and other services for patients. The existence of the economies of scope provides the rationale for extending the existing line of business in a hospital into more diverse areas of services where its benefit comes in the form of cost savings. In sum, it overall provides evidence that the M&As in this industry are encouraged to achieve cost reductions from the economies of scale and scope by changing the size and the output mix.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.10B
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• pp.1192-1199
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• 2011

The purpose of this paper is to test empirically whether the sunk cost fallacy occurres or not under the two-part tarriff and to give the desirable rate-making for minimizing sunk cost fallacy. According to the results of analysis highly paid monthly fee makes more traffics over the level of optimal consumption because of sunk cost fallacy. Therefore monthly fee reduction will cause the optimal consumption that is near the solution of their own utility function.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.781-790
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• 2007

Hybrid electric vehicles(HEV) combined with more than one power sources have great potential to improve fuel economy and reduce pollutant emissions. The Integrated Starter Generator(ISG) HEV researched in this paper is a two energy sources vehicle, with a conventional internal combustion engine(ICE) and an energy storage system(batteries). In order to investigate the potential of diesel engine hybrid electric vehicles in fuel economy improvement and emissions reduction, a Dynamic Programming(DP) based supervisory controller is developed to allocate the power requirement between ICE and batteries with the objective of minimizing a weighted cost function over given drive cycles. A fuel-economy-only case and a fuel & emissions case can be achieved by changing specific weighting factors. The simulation results of the fuel-economy-only case show that there is a 45.1% fuel saving potential for this ISG HEV compared to a conventional transit bus. The test results present a 39.6% improvement in fuel economy which validates the simulation results. Compared to the fuel-economy-only case, the fuel & emissions case further reduces the pollutant emissions at a cost of 3.2% and 4.5% of fuel consumption with respect to the simulation and test result respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.438-445
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• 2000

Positioning garlic cloves in upright standing in garlic field has been regarded as a very important job because it affects clove rooting, growing and, eventually, quality and yield in garlic production, Because of the geometrical uniqueness and irregularity of garlic cloves in shape, the planting operation has been conducted by manual work that needs a tremendous human labors and increases garlic production cost. The overall objective of this research was to develop garlic planting machine through investigating physical properties of garlic and designing clove upright positioning device after figuring out the factors affecting metering device and upright clove positioning mechanism. With the outcomes of the metering and posture positioning experiment, a garlic clove planter having twelve planting rows was developed for 37kW type tractor and feasibility test was carried out in the field. And, According to the performance test and cost analysis, the planter could accomplish planting operation of one hectare plot in 6.3 hours giving 48 times better efficiency, 6.3hrs/ha, and 74.2% of production cost reduction effect, 1,092,546won/ha, than the manual works of 299hrs/ha and 282,258won/ha. And, break-even point ofthe planter was calculated as of 2.71 hectares.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.88-93
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• 2000

The reduction of the cushion material such as Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) is one of the urgent tasks of the package design process in home electrical appliances considering environmental protection. EPS reduction often causes the structural damage of products, which must be protected in the environment of transportation. CAE simulation can help the efficient package design with low material cost. The mechanical drop simulation of packaged product was performed with commercial FEM code and Taguchi approach was used partially to determine the dominant design parameters. As results of this study, about 20% reduction of EPS was accomplished in the monitor package design.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.500-507
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• 2016

In order to increase the survivability of combatant ship, measuring and analyzing the infrared radiation is important. Consequently, providing analysis report is also important for the progress of the new combatant ship design. This paper proposes a design and software implementation of filtering for the noise reduction of mid-wave IR camera image. We reduced the total test cost by using the suggested software filtering technique instead of hardware replacement or re-calibration. In addition, we enhanced the accuracy of analysis results by adjusting the parameters of software filtering according to the results of filtered image.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.397-400
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• 1999

As the result of enhancement of CAD, Design Automation and manufacturing technology, it's on the increasing complexity, integration ratio, data signals, and pin count to IC chips. This brings about difficulties of testing, and incresing test time. Now One of the most cost-consuming procedure as integration ratio increases is the testing step. In this paper, we propose a new method, “Efficient TP(test point) assignment algorithm” using “input grouping”, This is helpful method to reducing test length without losing fault coverage. Experimental results show that proposed method reduces test length remarkably and doesn't miss fault coverage, with low hardware overhead Increasing.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.30B no.4
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• pp.85-91
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• 1993

In this paper, we propose the test pattern generation algorithm of the embedded faulty MUX for the prevention of misdiagnosis of digital systems. When the system is partitioned with a large number of functional blocks, if the faults are exsisted in a embedded MUX then it can not diagnose the wanted observation of functional block. The proposed test pattern generstion algorithm can apply the MUXs that designd 2-level and multi-level both. Fault coverage becomes 100% and so it is no necessary of the additional fault simulation and the proposed algorithm that have the regulary and easily generated 2d test patterns. And we confirmed that the reduction of test cost becomes 85%, compared with the conventional segmentation testing scheme.