• BMB Reports
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.109-113
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• 2001

The Serratia marcescens metalloprotease inhibitor (SmaPI) is a proteinase inhibitor toward Serratia marcescens metalloprotease (SMP). The three-dimensional structure of SmaPI was calculated by computer modeling using the structure complex between SMP and the Erwinia chrysanthemi inhibitor as a template. Based on this model structure, the substitution of the amino acid residues, Ala4, Leu-5, Pro-6, and Thr-7, were located at the hinge region of the N-terminal segment by site-directed mutagenesis. Although the A4R and T7A mutant SmaPIs showed a nearly full inhibitory activity, the inhibitory activity of SmaPI decreased significantly when the Leu-5 was converted to Ala, Gly, Ile, or Val. Surprisingly, the L5I and L5V mutant SmaPIs showed less inhibitory activities than the L5A mutant. From these results, we suggested that the orientations and positions of respective aliphatic groups in the side-chain of position 5 mainly affected the inhibitory activity of SmaPI. The overall side-chain hydrophobicity was only slightly affected. The side-chain of the Leu-5 residue contributed approximately 0.79 kcal/mol out of 8.44 kcal/mol to the binding of SmaPI with SMP The inhibitory activities of P6A and F6G were also severely decreased. The Pro-6 may have a critical role in maintaining the strict conformation of the N-terminal portion that may be important in the inhibitory activity of SmaPI. In conclusion, Leu-5 and Pro-6 have crucial roles in the inhibitory function of SmaPI toward SMP.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.235-238
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• 2015

최대의 부정아유도수는 MS배지에 0.2 mg/L BA가 첨가된 배지에서 유도되었다. 엽병근처 자엽 절편과 자엽 끝 절편을 MS배지에 0.2 mg/L BA가 첨가된 배지에 배양하였다. 부정아 유도 빈도는 절편형태에 따라 차이를 보였다. 엽병근처 자엽 절편은 자엽 끝 절편 보다 부정아 유도율이 높았다. 호르몬 무처리 1/2MS배지에서 줄기의 신장과 뿌리가 유도되었다. 이 결과는 클론번식을 가능하게 할 효과적인 방법을 제공한다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제42권9호
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• pp.552-560
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• 2009

Cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2) are ER-resident proteins that catalyze the committed step in prostanoid synthesis. COX-1 is constitutively expressed in many mammalian cells, whereas COX-2 is usually expressed inducibly and transiently. Abnormal expression of COX-2 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation and various cancers; therefore, it is subject to tight and complex regulation. Differences in regulation of the COX enzymes at the posttranscriptional and posttranslational levels also contribute significantly to their distinct patterns of expression. Rapid degradation of COX-2 mRNA has been attributed to AU-rich elements (AREs) at its 3’UTR. Recently, microRNAs that can selectively repress COX-2 protein synthesis have been identified. The mature forms of these COX proteins are very similar in structure except that COX-2 has a unique 19-amino acid (19-aa) segment located near the C-terminus. This C-terminal 19-aa cassette plays an important role in mediation of the entry of COX-2 into the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) system, which transports ER proteins to the cytoplasm for degradation by the 26S proteasome. A second pathway for COX-2 protein degradation is initiated after the enzyme undergoes suicide inactivation following cyclooxygenase catalysis. Here, we discuss these molecular determinants of COX-2 expression in detail.

• BMB Reports
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• 제44권10호
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• pp.669-673
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• 2011

Human methionine sulfoxide reductase B3A (hMsrB3A) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) reductase that catalyzes the stereospecific reduction of methionine-R-sulfoxide to methionine in proteins. In this work, we identified an antimicrobial peptide from hMsrB3A protein. The N-terminal ER-targeting signal peptide (amino acids 1-31) conferred an antimicrobial effect in Escherichia coli cells. Sequence and structural analyses showed that the overall positively charged ER signal peptide had an Argand Pro-rich region and a potential hydrophobic ${\alpha}$-helical segment that contains 4 cysteine residues. The potential ${\alpha}$-helical region was essential for the antimicrobial activity within E. coli cells. A synthetic peptide, comprised of 2-26 amino acids of the signal peptide, was effective at killing Gram-negative E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Salmonella paratyphi, but had no bactericidal activity against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.177-188
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• 2003

제주도 해역의 팔방산호에 공생하는 Orecturus속의 요각류 2신종을 기재하였다 .뿔산호류에 공생하는 신종 긴꼬리넓은가슴노벌레 (Orecturus iongicaudatus)는 동일 속의 다른 종과는 달리 몸이 크고 항문절이 길다. 바다맨드라미류에 공생하는 신종 넓은가슴노벌레 (Orecturus similis)는 O. excavatus와 유사하지만 제2소악 둘째 마디에 1개의 강모만 소유하며, 턱다리의 말단발톱이 완만하게 가늘어지고, 첫째와 넷째 다리의 장식이 다른 종의 것과 다르다.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.49-156
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• 2016

Fourteen new species and A. coreana Morimoto, 1970 of Allobathynella Morimoto and Miura, 1957 are (re-)described and illustrated from the Korean Penninsula. Comparison of the external morphology of these species and two previously known species, A. japonica Morimoto and Miura, 1957 and A. shinjongieei Park and Cho, 2008 enables us to amend the generic diagnosis. A 7-segmented antennule turns out to be inconsistent character due to A. wonjuensis sp. nov., which has a 6-segmented antennule. On the other hand, the exopodal distal segment of thoracopods I-VII with a tiny terminal knob and with outer seta covered by long and strong barbs is proved to be a autapomorphic character of the genus. The 14 new species belong to the mirabilis-group and display more or less similar morphology. However, they differ from A. coreana, A. japonica and A. shinjongieei and from each other not only in quantitative but also in qualitative characters. These differences are summarized in tables. The species inhabit hyporheic zones of rivers and each appears to be highly endemic to a given tributary, having a range limit less than 100 km.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.164-169
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 영상분할에 의한 동작 추적 기법을 이용하여 침입자를 감시하고 관련 정보를 모바일 기반으로 확인하도록 하였다. 먼저, 탐지하고자 하는 일정한 영역을 촬영한 동영상에서 프레임을 추출하고, 인접한 두 프레임 사이의 이미지 차를 사용하여, 고정된 배경과 움직이는 대상을 분할한다. 분할된 전경 물체에서 에지를 검출하여 지정된 위치별로 추출된 에지의 중간 값을 추정하여 동작을 분석함으로써 침입자를 감시할 수 있도록 하였다. 동작이 검출되면, 영상은 WAP 풀 기반 영상 전송 방법을 사용하여 모바일 클라이언트로 전송한다.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.193-199
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• 2005

Liomerinae아과에 속하는 Liomera bella 제1조에아 유생을 처음으로 기재 및 도시하였다. 이 유생의 형태적 특징들을 부채게과의 다른 종들의 유생들과 비교하였다. 일반적인 형태면에서 본 유생은 부채게과 유생들과 잘 일치하였다. 또한 제2촉각 외지에 2개의 강모를 가지고, 제2악지 내지 말단 강모수가 6개이며, 미절에 1개의 센 측가시와 1개의 작은 측가시를 가짐으로서 Xantho incisus와 Pseudomedaeus agassizii 유생들과 더 큰 유사성을 보여주었다

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.74-78
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• 1998

Early recognition and surgical treatment of Hirschsprung's disease prevents serious mortality and morbidity from enterocolitis and obstruction. Usually this disease is characterized by a single aganglionic segment of the colon extending distally to the anal margin. In surgical treatment, the surgeon performs a frozen section biopsy to confirm whether there are ganglion cells. If there are intervening ganglionic sites in aganglionic bowel, there may be confusion in diagnosis and treatment. The authors experienced one case of total colonic aganglionosis with skip area. A transverse loop colostomy was performed on a 7 day-old male baby with colon perforation due to Hirschsprung's disease. But intestinal obstruction persisted and required two more operations to find the true nature of the disease. There were aganglionic segments from the anal margin to the terminal ileum 3.7cm proximal to the ileocecal valve. The entire transverse colon and appendix were normally ganglionated.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2015

A new species of the genus Farranula Wilson, 1942 (Cyclopoida, Corycaeidae) is described based on both sexes collected off Chuuk Island in Micronesia (West Central Pacific). The new species F. dahlae differs from its close congener F. gibbula (Giesbrecht, 1891) in the following combination of characters in both sexes: body length is longer, length to width ratio of caudal rami is larger, basal element of maxilliped is distinctly longer, and terminal spine to distal segment ratio of P4 is smaller; while in females, lateral margins of fourth pedigerous somite are extended to mid-region of second urosomal somite, maximum width of the second urosomal somite is located at middle region in dorsal and lateral views, and length ratio of caudal seta III to seta V is much larger; and in males, sharply contracted portion of second somite is located at two-thirds distance from anterior margin. Some additional morphological details of F. gibbula are given and a key to species of the genus Farranula is provided.