• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2003.10a
• /
• pp.292-295
• /
• 2003

This paper presents the architecture and its function of Tool server. MPEG-21 will enable all-electronic creation, delivery and trade of digital multimedia content and transparent usage of various content types on network device. Therefore, we can provide access to information and services from almost anywhere at anytime with various terminals and networks. In order to support multimedia delivery chain that contains content creation, production, delivery and consumption, we need some elements to identify, describe, manage and protect the contents. Thus, we define Digital Item Processing(DIP), Digital Item Adaptation(DIA) server and Tool server as primary objects of MPEG-21 multimedia framework. DIP provides a function which creates and consumes Digital Item(DI) as a kind of a digital object by user. DIA server adapts the original DI to the usage environment description sent from the terminal and transmits the adapted DI to the terminal. Tool sewer searches for a tool requested from DIP or DIA and downloads the best tool to DIP or DIA server. In this paper, we present how Tool server is organized and is used among 2 primary objects. The paper is structured as following: Section 1 briefly describes why MPEG-21 is needed and what MPEG-21 wants. We see the basic architecture of tool server and its functionality by each module in section 2. Section 3 explains a scenario that tool server transmits tool to DIP or DIA. The paper concludes in section 4.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.1113-1120
• /
• 2022

In this paper, a communication methodology for the digital FRTU(: Feeder Remote Terminal Unit) required by the smart grid distribution system was studied. The digital FRTU consists of a fault handling unit and a communication unit. The fault handling unit transmits fault information to the communication unit in case of a failure, and the communication unit is designed to autonomously determine the fault section through two-way communication between surrounding digital FRTUs. For performance verification, a performance verification system consisting of 3 line sections based on 3 digital FRTUs was constructed to enable fault simulation for various failure scenarios. Various fault cases including one phase ground fault, line-to-line short-circuit fault, and three-phase short-circuit fault were experimentally simulated on the established performance verification system, and the validity of the developed methodology was confirmed by proving the accurate fault section inference results for each fault simulation case.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.280-287
• /
• 2015

Current influenza vaccines are produced in embryonated chicken eggs. However, egg-based vaccines have various problems. To address these problems, recombinant protein vaccines have been developed as new vaccine candidates. Unfortunately, recombinant proteins frequently encounter aggregation and low stability during their biogenesis. It has been previously demonstrated that recombinantly expressed proteins can be greatly stabilized with high solubility by fusing stabilizing peptide (SP) derived from the C-terminal acidic tail of human synuclein (ATS). To investigate whether SP fusion proteins can induce protective immunity in mice, we produced influenza HA and SP fusion protein using a baculovirus expression system. In in vitro tests, SP-fused recombinant HA1 (SP-rHA1) was shown to be more stable than recombinant HA1 (rHA1). Mice were immunized intramuscularly with baculovirus-expressed rHA1 protein or SP-rHA1 protein ($2{\mu}g/mouse$) formulated with aluminum hydroxide. Antibody responses were determined by ELISA and hemagglutination inhibition assay. We observed that SP-rHA1 immunization elicited HA-specific antibody responses that were comparable to rHA1 immunization. These results indicate that fusion of SP to rHA1 does not negatively affect the immunogenicity of the vaccine candidate. Therefore, it is possible to apply SP fusion technology to develop stable recombinant protein vaccines with high solubility.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.253-261
• /
• 2020

Carex splendentissima U. Kang & J. M. Chung, endemic to the Korean peninsula, is characterized by staminate terminal spikes and glabrous elliptic perigynia. Based on its broad leaves, androgynous spikes, and tri-stigmatic features, the species has been placed in Carex sect. Siderostictae Franch. ex Ohwi, an East Asian section and a basal group in the genus. To clarify the monophyly and phylogenetic position of the species, a molecular study using the internal transcribed spacer region of nuclear ribosomal DNA and chloroplast DNA (trnL-F) data was conducted. The DNA sequence data of ten taxa in sect. Siderostictae and closely related taxa (two taxa in sect. Surculosae) with outgroups were analyzed based on maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood (ML) criteria. In the analyses, C. splendentissima was monophyletic and placed within the Siderostictae clade (sect. Siderostictae + two species of sect. Surculosae), forming a clade with C. ciliatomarginata and C. pachygyna (endemic to Japan). The clade (C. splendentissima + C. ciliatomarginata + C. pachygyna) shows evidence of diploidy. Furthermore, C. splendentissima is a sister to C. ciliatomarginata in the ML tree, and the two taxa have staminate terminal spikes. This study also updates the distribution of C. splendentissima and provides keys to the four Korean taxa in sect. Siderostictae. To conserve the endemic species C. splendentissima, further research on its genetic and ecological features should be conducted at the population level.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
• /
• 2001.03a
• /
• pp.65-72
• /
• 2001

Since Pyoungtaek thermal power plant began using natural gas in 1986, the annual using volume has rapidly increased and reached 12.7 million tons in 1999. When the natural gas is cooled to a temperature of approximately -162$^{\circ}$C at atmospheric pressure, it condenses to a liquid called liquefied natural gas(LNG). LNG has a special characters such as odorless, colorless, non-corrosive, and non-toxic. So, LNG storage tank, tanker ship, transfer pipelines are required the special storage and transportation systems and technology. The presently operating LNG terminals are Pyongtaek and Inchon terminals. A total of 19 above-ground LNG storage tanks(100 thousand ㎘ grade) are currently in operation with a sendout capacity of 4,360tons/hour. To meet the growing domestic demand of LNG supply, the Inchon receiving terminal is expanding(six in-ground tank) and constructing a third LNG terminal at Tongyong. In this paper, case study on seepage analysis and countermeasure against increasing the seepage volume of in-ground LNG storage tank excavation work is reported. The results of an additional seepage analysis are presented to verify the design seepage volume of assumption section and seepage volume after curtain-grouting in the slurry wall.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.595-603
• /
• 1992

It has been establisued that the reliability of communication networks is NP hard problem owing to computationally and complexity as the number of componeuts is Increased in large networks. This paper proposed an algorithm for determining upper and lower bounds In the reliability of source-to-terminal in communication networks to solve this problem. The evaluation method follows the next procedures. First, minimal pathset and minimal cut set are serched. Second, it is sorted that the number of components is the same events and the reliability bounds Is evaluated by the section function to extract common variable. The performance of proposed algorithm is also estimate(1 as compared to the reliability of Esary-Proschan, Shogan and Copal.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.107-123
• /
• 1983

The globus pallidus of normal cats were prepared for electron microscopic study following perfusion with a mixture of 1% paraformaldehyde and 1% glutaraldehyde solution. Neurons of two size categories were identified in 1 $\\mu$m araldite sections and their ultrastructural characteristics were studied in adjacent thin section. 1. Large neurons ($30 \\mum \\times 45 \\mum$ in diameter) had extensive areas of rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulm, abundant perinuclear Golgi complex, numerous mitochondria and lipofusin granule, and had a large spherical nucleus with shallow indentation of nuclear manbrane. Small neurons ($17 \\mum \\times 27 \\mum$ in diameter) had poorly rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, moderate number of mitochondria and randomly distributed Golgi complex. The nuclear envelope of this cell frequently showed multiple deep invagination. 2. Three types of axo-somatic synapses were identified on the basis of the size and shape of vesicle in the axon terminal and the symmetrical or asymmetrical thickening at the synaptic site. Type I synaptic terminal shows an even distribution of round and oval synaptic vesicles, and has a symmetrical synaptic thickening. Type II axon terminals reveal mostly round and pleomorphic vesicles and a few vesicles were localized near the presynaptic membrane in pale axoplasm and its synaptic thickening were symmetric. Type III axon terminals contain round vesicles, which were aggregated in the axoplasm, and has a asymmetrical synaptic thickening. 3. The majority of axo-somatic contact with the large and small neurons were type I, and type II and III synapes were rare.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.24 no.8
• /
• pp.1138-1148
• /
• 2021

In this study, we developed a 'shared-use mobility'-mounted local particulate matter monitoring terminal technology to measure the actual particulate matter concentration around me. As a mobile terminal device in the form of an IoT sensor platform, it is designed to be separated into a control module and a sensor module to minimize interference between sensors and to consider the optimal observation position of each sensor. As a result of the field test, it was confirmed that particulate matter was locally different depending on time and space even within the same area. In addition, it was confirmed that the concentration of particulate matter in the relevant section differed by up to 100 times compared to the surrounding area due to specific sources of particulate matter such as unpaved roads. In addition, we positively reviewed the applicability of the service in the real-time metaverse environment using this result. Through technological advancement and application of multiple shared-use mobilities, we expect to be able to provide new services for practical smart city air environment monitoring, such as localized particulate matter information, air pollution event information, and identification of causes of particulate matter.

• 한국ITS학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2008.11a
• /
• pp.570-574
• /
• 2008

The 'gate non-stop system utilizing RFID (900MHz)', which is the core of this research, is the system which connects RFID to recognize the vehicle information without stopping when a vehicle (trailer) passes a gate to carry in or out containers in a terminal and automatically provides the container information provided by the terminal for the RFLDU device installed in the vehicle.In order to design and implement this, the RFID technical section uses a UHF band (900MHz) RFID tag and a reader and implements a RFID middleware and an application program for smooth data collection and execution (operation). In addition, the system stability was verified through experiments and operations of the system implemented in this research at real harbors/quays, and based on the verified result, the maximization of vehicle (trailer) and terminal productivity and the reduction of distribution cost are expected.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.88-95
• /
• 2005

Even though the echocardiograph has been recognized as the method of choice among various diagnostic tools to detect congestive heart failure (CHF), there were some limitations in relation to the consumption of time, labor and process. We analyzed results of N-terminal probrain-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and various parameters of the echocardiographic findings to clarify the diagnostic usefulness of NT-proBNP in detecting patients with CHF. We analyzed the sera from total of 242 cases from in-patients and out-patients, which were requested from the cardiovascular section of department of Internal Medicine at Chungnam National University Hospital from March 2003 to May 2004. The procedures were performed in order as shown below; sampling, NT-proBNP analysis, data acquisition and data analysis. All data including personal information and echocardiographic findings ware acquired by medical record review. When classifying the study population into six groups according to the degree of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), the serum level of NT-proBNP was higher in the group with 51-60% of LVEF (P=0.023). There were low correlation between the serum level of NT-proBNP and various parameters of the echocardiographic findings with LVESD (r=0.1513), LVEDD (r=0.0831), LVEF (r=0.2035), IVST (r=0.03) and LVPWT (r=0.0728), respectively. When comparing NT-proBNP with atrial and/or ventricular enlargement, the patient group with both left atrial and left ventricular enlargement (p=0.186) or only left atrial (p=0.105) or only left ventricular enlargement (p=0.256) showed higher level of NT-proBNP without statistical significance than patient group with no enlargement. Searching the optimal cutoff of the serum level of NT-proBNP, the sensitivity (98.9%) and the specificity (100%) was highest at the cutoff of 300 pg/mL than any other cutoffs. These findings suggested that the analysis of NT-proBNP in serum might detect the patients with CHF earlier than with the echocardiograph, especially in patients with asymptomatic or mild symptomatic CHF. In conclusion, NT-proBNP test was proved to be clinically useful to diagnose CHF patients.