• Title/Summary/Keyword: tending methods

Search Result 29, Processing Time 0.022 seconds

A study on performance capability of local government on the forest tending project (지방자치단체 숲가꾸기 사업 수행역량에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Myoung-Kwan;Oh, Do-Kyo;Kim, Se-Bin
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
    • /
    • v.40 no.1
    • /
    • pp.1-11
    • /
    • 2013
  • The study proposes to draw out the correlation on what kinds of influences local government personnel's performance capability affect the overall quality of the project, and to suggest institutional supplement policies. For the study, two analytical methods are conducted. First, a hypothesis per each factor was set by classifying the factors which affect the personnel's performance capability into organizational and individual factors. Second, a survey was conducted targeting the project management personnels and presented the result on the verification of the hypothesis through statistic techniques. As the result, it is considered that the quality of forest tending project is more affected by the individual factors than the organizational factor, thereby this study suggests the methods of reinforcement in project management personnel's performance capability.

Structure and Tending Method for Naturally Regenerated Young Pinus Densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. Stands (천연경신(天然更新)에 의한 소나무 유령임분(幼齡林分)의 구조와 무육방법(撫育方法))

  • Bae, Sang Won
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
    • /
    • v.83 no.1
    • /
    • pp.50-62
    • /
    • 1994
  • This study is performed to consider the fitness of natural regenerating method and tending methods used now by surveying the stand structure and regenerating states of the 9 natural regenerated Pinus densiflora stands in Kangwon province. As a special consideration, it deals with the tending methods on the seedlings of Pinus densiflora and broad-leaved tree(Quercus mongolica) under competition. By the consideration on the number of trees, growing capacity and stand structures of Pinus densiflora stands, it reveals that Pinus densiflora is in the inferior in numbers at the competition to the broad-leaved species, and it could not occupy the stands as the dominant species if the stands were not tended. It is estimated that natural regeneration of Pinus densiflora stands by the clearcutting or seed tree system could not achieved due to the abundance of ground vegetation. Short-term shelter-wood system or strip stand method may be proposed as a successful method of natural regeneration. As the visible tending method for seedlings, the method which apply the mixed forest in group of Pinus densflora and Quercus mongolica different by the growing capacity and distribution characteristics is better thaw the one which tend the Pinus densiflora only.

  • PDF

Studies on the Forestation of Useful Broad Leaf Tree and the Development of Some Special Trees - Practice Application for Tending of Natural Forest I - (유용 활엽수림 조성을 위한 특수림 개발에 관한 기초연구 - 천연림 보육을 위한 시업적용 I -)

  • Kim, Young Chai
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
    • /
    • v.82 no.4
    • /
    • pp.406-419
    • /
    • 1993
  • In spite of the economical and sivicultural importance, tending methods of natural broad leaf tree have not been established in Korea. In the present study, the structure of crown and biomass of Quercus variabilis were analyzed to obtain the basic information on pruning practice. There was not correlated between clear length of sample tree and tree height and D.B.H. The stratum with the largest leaf and branch weight was lower part of the stratum with the largest branch increment. The degree of contribution of branch to knotless trunk production (${\Delta}{\omega}_B(Z)/{\omega}_B(Z)$ and ${\omega}_L(Z)/{\omega}_B(Z)$) decreased from the upper part to the lower part. As an example of the application of the ecological data to pruning practice, the author attempted to estimate the effect of pruning with this experimental stand. Two methods of pruning were investigated. One is the removal of branches according to a definite external indication such as clear length rate of branch, and the other is the removal of barnches according to a definite height.

  • PDF

Effects on Control of Pine Wilt Disease (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) by Thinning Methods in Red Pine(Pinus densiflora) Forest (소나무림 숲가꾸기 종류가 소나무재선충병의 제어에 미치는 영향)

  • Jeon, Kwon-Seok;Kim, Chul-Su;Park, Nam-Chang;Hur, Tae-chul;Hong, Sung-Cheon
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
    • /
    • v.100 no.2
    • /
    • pp.165-171
    • /
    • 2011
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effect on pine wilt disease by health-thinning, thinning and sapling tending in red pine forest (Pinus densiflora). As a part of developing forestry control methods for pine wilt disease control. In case of putting in pine sawyer (Monochamus alternatus) with pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus), the specimen trees in health-thinning, thinning and control treatment were withered more than 50%, although there were not statistically significant differences in treatments. In treatment site, thinning slashes had influenced on the spread of pine wilt disease (experiment 1). In thinning stand of sapling pine, site with thinning slashes had highest mortality (> 90%). There were approximately 10% mortality in the site of carried thinning slashes from case and the site of non-thinning with released M. alternatus (experiment 2). The larvae had not appeared in young tree stump with health-thinning and thinning at April, the current emergence year of M. alternatus, but there were larvae in sapling tree stump with thinning at May, the current emergence year of M. alternatus. In case of stands with infected young and sapling tree by pine wilt disease, there is no effects of on pine wilt disease control by health-thinning, thinning, saplings tending at April and May, the current emergence year of M. alternatus, and leaved thinning slashes had influenced on the spread of pine wilt disease as habitation of M. alternatus.

Forest Management Using Growth and Ecological Characteristics by Site Types in the Natural Deciduous Forest (천연(天然) 활엽수림(闊葉樹林)의 입지유형별(立地類型別) 생장(生長) 및 생태적(生態的) 특성(特性)을 이용(利用)한 산림관리(山林管理))

  • Shin, Man Yong;Lee, Seung Man;Lee, Don Koo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
    • /
    • v.94 no.1 s.158
    • /
    • pp.26-33
    • /
    • 2005
  • The study was carried out to provide information about growth and ecological characteristics by site types of natural deciduous forest in Pyeongchang, Gangwon Province. The data were collected from four aspects(the East, the West, the South, and the North) with three elevation(higher than 1.000 m, 700~1,000 m, lower than 700 m) and three topographical conditions(ridge, hill, and valley). Growth parameters by site types were evaluated based on the growth performances of dbh for the last 5 to 10 years; which were also estimated based on both Pressler and Schneider formulae. In addition, ecological characteristics such as Shannon-Wiener's diversity index, evenness index and richness index were analyzed by site types. The management methods by site types were suggested by considering stand density, growth patterns, and ecological characteristics. It was found that the stands on the South and the East are necessary the tending practices to improve growth and ecological characteristics. On the other hand, the West and the North needed the tending practices focusing on stand density management to increase growth rate rather than ecological management. It was also found that the area lower than 700 m in elevation showed Higher growth rate than other areas. As a management standard considered in terms of growth rate, it was suggested that tending practices should be applied to the stands of which growth rate for the last 5 to 10 years were lower than 2%. Considering topographical conditions, valley area showed better ecological characteristics than both ridge and hilly areas. Consequently, it was revealed that the valley areas were suitable for the ecological management.

Multi Case Non-Convex Economic Dispatch Problem Solving by Implementation of Multi-Operator Imperialist Competitive Algorithm

  • Eghbalpour, Hamid;Nabatirad, Mohammadreza
    • Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
    • /
    • v.12 no.4
    • /
    • pp.1417-1426
    • /
    • 2017
  • Power system analysis, Non-Convex Economic Dispatch (NED) is considered as an open and demanding optimization problem. Despite the fact that realistic ED problems have non-convex cost functions with equality and inequality constraints, conventional search methods have not been able to effectively find the global answers. Considering the great potential of meta-heuristic optimization techniques, many researchers have started applying these techniques in order to solve NED problems. In this paper, a new and efficient approach is proposed based on imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA). The proposed algorithm which is named multi-operator ICA (MuICA) merges three operators with the original ICA in order to simultaneously avoid the premature convergence and achieve the global optimum answer. In this study, the proposed algorithm has been applied to different test systems and the results have been compared with other optimization methods, tending to study the performance of the MuICA. Simulation results are the confirmation of superior performance of MuICA in solving NED problems.

High-dimensional linear discriminant analysis with moderately clipped LASSO

  • Chang, Jaeho;Moon, Haeseong;Kwon, Sunghoon
    • Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
    • /
    • v.28 no.1
    • /
    • pp.21-37
    • /
    • 2021
  • There is a direct connection between linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and linear regression since the direction vector of the LDA can be obtained by the least square estimation. The connection motivates the penalized LDA when the model is high-dimensional where the number of predictive variables is larger than the sample size. In this paper, we study the penalized LDA for a class of penalties, called the moderately clipped LASSO (MCL), which interpolates between the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and minimax concave penalty. We prove that the MCL penalized LDA correctly identifies the sparsity of the Bayes direction vector with probability tending to one, which is supported by better finite sample performance than LASSO based on concrete numerical studies.

Design and Construction Problems of Semi-Shield Method (SEMI-SHIELD 공법의 설계 및 시공상 문제점)

  • Kim, Jong-In;Jung, Sung-Nam;Park, Yeong-Geon
    • Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
    • /
    • 2009.09a
    • /
    • pp.1275-1282
    • /
    • 2009
  • The tunnel excavations are used for construction of common utility tunnel, electric tunnel, communication line tunnel, water supply and public sewerage pile line in urban area. The trench cut methods were mainly used in the past, but now, tunneling method is more being used. The tunnel excavation method like as NATM, Messer-Shield, Semi-Shield Methods are being applied to small section tunnel in Korea. The actual construction results of seme-shield method are increasing due to simplified construction process and reduced noise and vibration. And also this method is being used frequently in waterway tunnel and construction of prevention flooding recently. The seme-shield method design guideline is absence except for electric line tunnel construction in Korea, because of the semi-shield method was developed in Europe and Japan. In the prescriptive design, engineer's subjects are tending to intervene, because of absence of standard and specification for details. Therefore, Design and Construction Problems of Semi-Shield Method were described and construction trouble was introduced for exam. These problem and construction troubles have to be examined thoroughly in advance.

  • PDF

A Study on the Deviation of Fixed Point for the Measurement of Offshore Position - laying stress on the navigation instruments - (해상위치 측정을 위한 고정점의 편차에 관한 연구 -항해계기를 중심으로-)

  • 박운용;정창식;강인준
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
    • /
    • v.5 no.1
    • /
    • pp.13-22
    • /
    • 1987
  • The position fixing is the first essential in any offshore activity. At sea, position is almost always related to fixed points on land. The traditional method of the position fixing of a vessel is by double horizontal sextant angles observed between three fixed stations, plotted as a graphical resection using station pointers. Of recent, offshore fixing progresses in simple object of navigation and fishery, and it is tending to use and develop ocean and coast compositly. Therefore, we compared and analyzed deviation of fixed point for more accurate offshore fixing. This paper used only navigation instruments such as NNSS, Loran-C, Omega involved in long range and world wide among the methods of E. P. F. (Electromagnetic Position Fixing).

  • PDF

Induced apoptosis in human Uterine Leiomyoma Cells by treatment with Chiljehyangbu-hwan (칠제향부환(七製香附丸)이 자궁근종세포의 성장억제와 세포자멸사에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Seuk-Jung;Beak, Seung-Hee;Kim, En-Ha;Kim, Dong-Chul
    • The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • /
    • v.20 no.2
    • /
    • pp.25-42
    • /
    • 2007
  • Purpose : Uterine leiomyoma (fibroids) are benign smooth muscle tumors originating from the myometrium. These benign neoplasms of monoclonal origin are typically diagnosed during the reproductive years, occurring only after puberty and tending to regress after menopause. In the present study we used Chiljehyangbu-hwan to determine its growth inhibitory effect and apoptosis in human uterine leiomyoma cells. Methods : Primary cultured human uterine leiomyoma cells were treated with Chiljehyangbu-hwan. Cell viability analysis was analyzed by MTS assay and FACS was performed to ascertain the effects Chiljehyangbu-hwan. DNA fragmentation analysis and casapase-3 activity test were done. Expression of apoptosis related proteins were evaluated by Western blot analysis. Results : Cell viability was significantly influenced by Chiljehyangbu-hwan treatment in a dose-dependent manner in leiomyoma cells compare to normal myometrial cells. FACS showed that Chiljehyangbu-hwan induced Sub G1 arrest. DNA fragmentation assay was carried out and apoptosis was detected. Activation of caspase-3, down-regulation of Bcl-2, with concomitant increased expression in Bid and Bax were observed. Chiljehyangbu-hwan treatment of uterine leiomyoma cells resulted in a concentration-dependent cell death induced via the mitochondrial pathway.

  • PDF