• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.242-242
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• 2015

Monitoring the land cover changes in Nakdong River Basins using the multi-temporal remote sensing datasets is necessary for preserving properties in the river basins and monitoring the environmental changes in the river basins after the 4 major river restoration project. This research aims to monitor the land cover changes using the multi-temporal Landsat imageries and the airborne topographic LiDAR data. Firstly, the river basin boundaries are determined by using the LiDAR data, and the multiple river basin imageries are generated from the multi-temporal Landsat imageries by using the river basin boundaries. Next the classification method is employed to identify the multiple land covers in the generated river basin imageries. Finally, monitoring the land cover changes is implemented by comparing the differences of the same clusters in the multi-temporal river basin imageries.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.101-112
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• 2017

Detection of underling proteinopathies is becoming increasingly important across neurodegenerative conditions due to upcoming disease intervention trials. In this review, we explored how temporal lobe changes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) can potentially predict underlying TDP-43 pathology subtypes in FTD. To date, emphasis has been given to frontal lobe changes in the study of the cognitive and behavioural impairments in both syndromes but an increasing number of pathological, imaging and neuropsychological studies suggest how temporal lobe changes could critically affect the cognition and behaviour of these conditions. In this current article, we reviewed pathological, imaging as well as clinical/neuropsychological findings of temporal involvement in the ALS-FTD continuum, how they relate to temporal lobe changes and the underlying TDP-43 pathology in FTD. Findings across studies show that TDP-43 pathology occurs and coincides in many structures in ALS and FTD, but especially in the temporal lobes. In particular, anterior and medial temporal lobes atrophy is consistently found in ALS and FTD. In addition, memory and language impairment as well as emotional and Theory of Mind processing deficits that are characteristics of the two diseases are highly correlated to temporal lobe dysfunction. We conclude by showing that temporal lobe changes due to TDP-43 type B might be particular predictive of TDP-43 type B pathology in behavioural variant FTD, which clearly needs to be investigated further in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.454-456
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• 2002

The evaluation of interval changes between temporally sequential chest radiographs is necessary for the detection of new abnormalities or interval changes, such as pulmonary nodules and interstitial disease. For interstitial lung disease, the interval changes are very important for diagnosis and treatment. Especially, interstitial lung disease may show rapid changes in the radiographs, show changes in the entire lung field in minute detail, or show changes in multiple parts depending on the type. It is therefore difficult to have an accurate grasp of the condition of the disease only with conventional radiographs. The temporal subtraction technique which was developed at the University of Chicago, provides a subtraction image of the current warped image and the previous image. A temporal subtraction image, shows only differences and changes between the two images, can be very useful for a diagnosis of interstitial lung disease. However, the evaluation of the temporal subtraction technique for interstitial lung disease using receiver operating characteristic(ROC) studies has not been reported yet. Therefore, we have evaluated the clinical usefulness of a temporal subtraction technique for detection of interval changes of interstitial lung disease by ROC analysis.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.26-31
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• 2004

In the last few years, The Semantic Web has increased the interest in ontologies. Ontology is an essential component of the semantic web. Ontologies continue to change and evolve. We consider the management of versions in ontology. We study a set of changes based on domain changes, changes in conceptualization, metadata changes, and temporal dimension. In many cases, we want to be able to search in historical versions, query changes in versions, retrieve versions on the temporal dimension. In order to support an ontology query language that supports temporal operations, we consider temporal dimension includes transaction time and valid time. Ontology versioning brings about massive amount of versions to be stored and maintained. We present the storage policies that are storing all the versions, all the sequence of changed element, all the change sets, the aggregation of change sets periodically, and the aggregation of change sets using a criterion. We conduct a set of experiments to compare the performance of each storage policies. We present the experimental results for evaluating the performance of different storage policies from scheme 1 to scheme 5.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.161-171
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• 2017

Global environmental changes have the capacity to make dramatic alterations to floral and faunal composition, and elucidation of the mechanism is important for predicting its outcomes. Studies on global climate change have traditionally focused on statistical summaries within relatively wide scales of spatial and temporal changes, and less attention has been paid to variability in microclimates across spatial and temporal scales. Microclimate is a suite of climatic conditions measured in local areas near the earth's surface. Environmental variables in microclimatic scale can be critical for the ecology of organisms inhabiting there. Here we examine the effect of spatial and temporal changes in microclimates on those of carabid beetle communities in Hyangnobong, Korea. We found that climatic variables and the patterns of annual changes in carabid beetle communities differed among sites even within the single mountain system. Our results indicate the importance of temporal survey of communities at local scales, which is expected to reveal an additional fraction of variation in communities and underlying processes that has been overlooked in studies of global community patterns and changes.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics C
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• v.34C no.5
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• pp.93-102
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• 1997

Conventional expert systems have difficulties in the inference on time-varing situations because they don't have the structure for processing time related informations and rule representation method to describe time explicitely. Some expert systems capable of temporal reasoning are not applicable to the domain in which state changes happen by unpredictble events that cannot be represented by periodic changes of data. In this paper, an event based temporal reasoning method is proposed. It is capable of processing te unpredictable events, representing the knowledge related to event and time, and infering by that knowledge as well as infering by periodically time-varing data. The NEO/temporal, an temporal inference engine, is implemented by applying the proposed temporal reasoning situation assessment and decision supporting system is implemented to show the benefits of the proposed temporal information processing model.

• KCID journal
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.50-56
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• 2007

In this study, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to assess spatiotemporal effects on watershed runoff and sediment characteristics due to land uses changes from 1999 to 2002 at the small watershed, located in Chuncheon-si, Gangwon province. The annual average flow rate of Scenario I (long-term simulation using land use of 1990), II (long-term simulation using land use of 1996), III(long-term simulation using land use of 200) and IV(simulation using land use of 1990, 1995, and 2000) in long-term simulation) using the SWAT model were 29,997,043 m3, 29,992,628 m3, 29,811,191 m3 and 29,931,238 m3, respectively. It was shown that there was no significant changes in estimated flow rate because no significant changes in land uses between 1990 and 2000 were observed. The annual average sediment loads of Scenarios I, II, III and IV for 15 year period were 36,643 kg/ha, 45,340 kg/ha , 27,195 kg/ha and 35,545 kg/ha, respectively. The estimated annual sediment loads from Scenarios I, II, and III, were different from that from the scenario IV, considering spatio-temporal changes in land use and meterological changes over the years, by 10%, 127%, and temporal changes in land use and meterological changes over the years, by 10%, 127%, and 77%. This can be explained in land use changes in high soil erosion potential areas, such as upland areas, within the study watershed. The comparison indicates that changes in land uses upland areas, within the study watershed. The comparison indicates that changes in land uses can affect on sediment yields by more than 10%, which could exceed the safety factor of 10% in Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs). It is, therefore, recommended that not only the temporal analysis with the weather input data but also spatial one with different land uses need to be considered in long-term hydrology and sediment simulating using the SWAT model

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.840-845
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• 2015

Improvement in functional gait is one of treatment goals in treatment of cerebral palsy children. This study intended to examine the effects of insoles for postural correction on gait in spastic cerebral palsy patients by investigating changes in gait temporal spatial parameters. As the subjects, 15 spastic bilateral cerebral palsy patients participated in this study. Temporal spatial parameters of gait were measured using GAITRite system under three gait conditions. Bare foot gait, gait in shoes, and gait in insoles for postural correction were conducted. In order to look at differences in temporal spatial parameters according to three gait conditions, repeated one way analysis of variance was conducted. As post hoc test, Bonferroni was conducted. A significant level was set at ${\alpha}=.05$. According to the result of this study, gait velocity, cadence, step length, stride length of the left lower extremity significantly changed. When the subjects put on customized insoles for postural correction, the effect was greatest. There were no significant changes in stance time, single support time, double support time, swing % of gait, and stance % of cycle. Therefore, gait with insoles for postural correction positively influenced functional gait improvement and will be able to be usefully employed for spastic cerebral palsy children as one of gait assistance devices.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.119-132
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• 2004

As geographic object is consisted of 3-dimensional, it must be appropriated use the 3-dimensional coordinate system to express for exact representation. To define 3-dimensional+temporal object model we extended 3-dimensional space and valid time from object model of OpenGIS consortium that is limited to 2-dimensional space. This methodology guarantees compatibility with other systems to construct with the open model. Also, it permitted administration for two kinds of object by considering both objects whose position and shape changes discretely over time and objects whose position changes continuously. 3-dimensional+temporal object model was implemented by 3-dimensional+temporal object component using OLE/COM techniques. The interfaces of the component defined based on 3-dimensional+temporal object model. To use this component, we implement the data consumer for 3-dimensional+temporal data.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 1991

The author studied the changes of electromyographic activities of the masseter and anterior temporal muscles during maximal clenching before and after stabilization splint wearing. It also studied the changes of the symmetry of the muscle activity during maximal clenching. For this study, 15-healthy-female-students were selected. The obtained results were as follows : The EMG activities of right and left anterior temporal muscles and right masseter muscle during maximal clenching immediately after wearing of the stabilization splint were not changed compared with before wearing of the stabilization splint. The EMG activities of right and left masseter and anterior temporal muscles during maximal clenching were significantly increased after 1 week and 4 week-use of the stabilization splint(p<0.01). The asymmetric indices of the EMG activities of right and left masseter and anterior temporal muscles during maximal clenching immediately after wearing of the stabilization splint were not changed compared with before wearing of the stabilization splint. The asymmetric indices of the EMG activities of right and left anterior temporal muscles during maximal clenching were significantly decreased after 1 week and 4 week use of the stabilization splint(p<0.01). and that of masseter muscles showed a decreased tendency but there were no significant differences(p>0.05).