• 아동학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.69-85
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to identify developmental trajectories of externalizing problems in preschoolers and to investigate dimensions of temperament and parental behaviors associated with trajectory groups. Subjects were 180 3- to 5-year-old preschoolers (96 males, 84 females) in the metropolitan area of Seoul. They were assessed three times at 5 month intervals over a one year period. Teachers reported on children's behavior problems, and parents reported on children's temperaments. Latent Growth Curve Modeling Analysis with cohort sequential design revealed externalizing behaviors gradually decreased between 3 and 6. At the 6-year-old level externalizing behaviors were associated with high novelty seeking temperament. The results were discussed in terms of the importance of longitudinal research in developmental psychopathology.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2017

This paper deals with the method how to organize a team that is effective for developing teamwork skills. In recent engineering education, classes requiring team activities are getting a lot according to the increase of the engineering design classes and PBL based teaching subjects. For an effective team activity, team organization is very important because the team has to have the enough man-power to perform the task need to be completed. Nevertheless, most of all classes that need team activities, team organization is considered a little. Thus, we could see the problems such as the conflict between team members and the lack of technical ability. To overcome the problems, we proposed MBTI based team organizing method that may improve teamwork skills of students.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.203-215
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• 1996

Using questionnaire data from a sample of 236 mothers who have 4-6 years old children in Seoul, this study examined a model of how child's temperament, mother's temperament and parenting stress influence mother's parenting behavior. In general, child's temperament affected mother's parenting indirectly, rather than directly, through its impact on parenting stress and, in turn, parenting behavior. Mother's temperament, in particular, mother's emotionality had a direct effect on parenting as well as parenting stress. As expected, mother's emotionality predicted more reject-authoritarian parenting and this relation was partially mediated by mother's parenting stress. Implications are discussed in terms of the relative contribution of child's temperament and mother's temperament on parental functioning and the importance of mother's psychological well-being.

• 아동학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.109-124
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• 2008

The objective of this study was to identify how child's gender, temperament, mother's stress and their interactions predict parenting behavior. The subjects were 97 2-year-olds(47boys; 50girls) and their mothers. Data were gathered by questionnaires. Results of a series of hierarchical regression analyses showed combinations of variables that predicted parenting behaviors : (1) mothers reported higher over-protectiveness toward girls and when they were under higher stress. (2) An interaction effect showed that mothers with sons who had higher 'difficult' temperaments reported greater over-protective parenting under greater stress. (3) There were no significant differences in over-protective parenting under low stress, regardless of the level of difficult temperament. (4) Mother's stress was a strong predictor of supportive parenting behaviors.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2018

Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate the differences in sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, temperaments, and quality of life between panic disorder (PD) patients with and without major depressive disorder (PD+MDD and PD-MDD patients, respectively). Methods We compared 411 PD-MDD and 219 PD+MDD patients. All patients who were drug-free for at least 1 month were assessed at initial outpatient visits before the administration of medication. The following instruments were used for assessment: the NEO Personality Inventory-Neuroticism (NEO-N) ; the Temperament and Character Inventory-Harm Avoidance (TCI-HA) ; the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) ; the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-Short (IUS); the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-Revised (ASI-R); the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) ; the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI); the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) ; the Generalized Anxiety Disorder for 7 item (GAD-7) ; the Albany Panic and Phobia Questionnaire (APPQ) ; the Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS) ; the Early Trauma Inventory Self Report-Short Form (ETISR-SF) ; the Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI) ; the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Abbreviated Version (WHOQOL-BREF) ; the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) ; and the Short Form health survey (SF-36). Results Compared to the PD-MDD patients, the PD+MDD patients were younger and more likely to be unmarried. They showed higher rates of unemployment, lower levels of education and income, younger age of onset, more previous suicide attempts, a greater incidence of agoraphobia, and more previous treatments. The PD+MDD patients showed significantly higher scores on the NEO-N, the TCI-HA, the STAI, the IUS, the ASI-R, the BDI, the BAI, the PSWQ, the GAD-7, the APPQ, the PDSS, the ETISR-SF, and the SSI. In addition, the PD+MDD patients showed significantly lower quality of life than did the PD-MDD patients. In contrast with previous studies, we observed no significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender, duration until treatment, and psychiatric comorbidities. Conclusions This study showed that the PD+MDD patients have more early trauma experiences, higher levels of anxiety-related temperaments, more severe panic and depressive symptoms, and lower quality of life than the PD-MDD patients.

• 창의정보문화연구
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.117-134
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• 2019

본 연구는 발명영재학생과 일반학생의 기질 및 성격을 비교하고, 나아가 발명영재집단의 기질 및 성격에 대한 LPA 분석을 통해 하위집단별 특성도 파악해 보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 다음과 같은 연구문제를 설정하였다. 첫째, 발명영재와 일반학생의 기질과 성격에는 차이가 있는가? 둘째, 발명영재들의 기질 및 성격 특성에 기반을 둔 잠재적 계층분류와 그 분류에 따른 특성은 무엇인가? 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, TCI 아동용 검사(JTCI)의 결과를 비교한 결과, 발명과학교육원에 입학한 학생들은 일반학생들보다 창조적이고 수용적이며, 대체로 긍정적인 감정을 자주 느끼는 것을 알 수 있었다. 특히 발명영재는 개인적인 욕구 이상의 의미 있는 목표와 가치를 추구하려는 동기가 높다는 것을 확인하였다. 둘째, 잠재계층프로파일분석(LPA)을 통해 발명영재 집단을 두 그룹으로 구분할 수 있었다. 한 그룹은 기질의 하위척도인 '자극추구'의 점수가 월등히 높았고, 성격의 하위척도인 '자율성'에서 약간 높은 점수를 나타냈다. 다른 그룹은 '자극추구'의 점수가 일반학생과 비슷하면서 '자율성'에서 월등히 높은 점수를 나타냈다.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.119-135
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 기질 특성을 활용한 학교폭력 방관자 프로그램을 개발하고자 하였다. 학교폭력 상황에서 대부분의 학생은 방관자이며, 이들은 단순한 목격자가 아니라 폭력을 강화하거나 중단하는 역동적인 역할을 한다. 학생에게 각자의 기질검사 결과를 알게 하고 폭력 상황에서 기질 특성에 맞게 대응할 수 있도록 하였으며, 이것이 피해자를 돕고자 하는 태도 변화에 영향을 미치는지 살펴보았다. 351명의 중학생이 4회기의 학교폭력 예방 프로그램에 참여하였으며, 프로그램 시작 전후로 자기 보고 검사를 시행하였다. 실험 집단(기질 집단)은 기질검사(TCI, Cloninger)로 측정된 기질 특성에 적합한 보호자로서의 역할을 배웠다. 반면, 통제 집단은 방관자로서 폭력 상황에 대응할 수 있는 방법을 교육 받고 역할극에 참여하였다. 연구 결과, 프로그램 시행 이후 통제 집단에서는 학교폭력에 대한 방관적인 태도에 유의한 변화가 없었으나, 기질 집단은 방관적 태도가 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 통제 집단과 기질 집단 모두 프로그램 시행 후 학교폭력 상황에서 보호자로서의 역할에 대한 인식 수준이 유의하게 상승하였으며, 기질 집단에서 그 정도가 큰 상호작용 효과가 발견되었다. 결과를 종합하여, 시사점과 본 연구의 의의, 제한점 및 후속 연구에 대한 제언에 대해 논의하였다.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.172-182
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was conducted to describe stress, stress coping, and school adaptation according to Myers-Briggs type indicator(MBTI) personality type in freshmen nursing students. Methods: This study was a cross sectional survey and the data was collected from 267 freshmen nursing students by means of self reported questionnaires from March 3 to 30, 2012. Collected data were analyzed on SPSS win 18.0. Results: 16 personality types were all seen in this study participants. There were no significant differences in stress, stress coping, and school adaptation according to 4 functions and 4 temperaments of MBTI. Conclusion: Nursing students show various personality types and we need to understand their diversity and reflect it to a school curriculum or education program development. Further study is required to identify the effects of self-understanding program on stress management and school adaptation.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.43-63
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• 2017

Objective: The goal of this study was to clarify the differences in children's child care center adjustment depending on child-mother's goodness of fit. Methods: A total of 478 subjects, 239 dyads of 3 and 4 year old children and their mothers and 16 teachers participated in this study. The instruments used in this study were the DOTS-R, EAS Scale and PAQ. The collected data were analyzed using a t-test, Anova, and regression with the SPSS. Results: First, mother's demand was significantly different only with regard to the income level. Second, mother's temperament and mother's demand were positively correlated and the mother's demand was influenced by the mother's temperament. Third, mother's demand according to children's gender was indicated to differ significantly. Fourth, children's temperament and mother's demand were positively correlated and mother's demand was influenced by children's temperament. Finally, ego strength according to active and adoptive temperaments in child-mother's goodness of fit had significant differences. In addition, prosocial behavior according to regular temperament of child-mother's goodness of fit was indicated to have a significant difference. Conclusion/Implications: This study suggests that it is important for mothers to understand and appropriately demand the temperament of the children in the adaptation of the child care center.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.359-364
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to validate the Sasang Digestive function Inventory (SDFI) and Sasang Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) which measures the pathophysiolgoical symptoms and temperament of each Sasang types. The SDFI, SPQ along with Questionnaire for Sasang Constitution Classification II (QSCCII) were measured with 191 College students. The correlation coefficient was measured with Pearson correlation between SDFI and SPQ. The SDFI and SPQ subscale score of each Sasang constitution groups based on QSCCII were compared using analysis of variance and profile analysis. The SDFI and SPQ total score of So-Eum Sasang type were significantly (p<0.001) different compared to those of Tae-Eum and So-Yang type, respectively. The SDFI and SPQ profile of each Sasang type group was significantly (p<0.001) different each other in profile analysis. There were no significant correlation (r=.126, p>0.05) between SDFI and SPQ total score, however the SDFI-Digestion scale showed significant correlation with SPQ subscales. We found that the SDFI and SPQ can measure the Sasang type-specific pathophysiological symptoms and temperaments, and it would be useful for the clinical application and interdisciplinary research when combined together.