• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.483-494
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• 2009

In order to give basic data to teenager's healthcare, we investigated the food habits according to BMI (Body Mass Index), life style, dietary related self-efficacy and food intake through conducting a research surveying 732 middle school students of the Kwang-ju and Chonnam areas. The results of this study were compared groups in under weight (UW), normal weight (NW), and overweight (OW) groups according to BMI levels. In the male students, height was significantly differently in the UW group as $158.2\pm0.7$ cm compared to other NW and OW groups respectively as $163.7\pm0.6$ cm and $162.6\pm0.7$ cm but in the female students there was no significantly difference within groups. Weight was significantly different between the groups in the male students, whereas there were minor differences in the female students. The average of BMI was $20.7\pm0.1$ on the male students and $20.6\pm0.1$ on the female students which were all within the average, and their obesity was increased as the school grade was higher. Under less than 30,000 won of pocket money was dominating, and most of the students were in a nuclear family. In all male and female students, the inactive hours like watching TV and using computers had no differences between groups. The difference between groups was minor on breakfast time and most of the students thought their problems on unbalanced diet. There was significant difference in the OW group in female students as they thought their problems on unbalanced diets. The frequency of snack was significantly low in the OW group of male students but there were no differences in snack and eating-out food. All students chose fruits as snack food and Korean-style food as eating out food. The OW group in male students were significantly low in the dietary related self-efficacy when they were with their families and feeling depressed but there were no differences in female students between groups. When all students were getting higher BMI, they evaluated themselves badly in their self-dietary habits. Also the more male students had non-physical activity time, the less they had the dietary related self-efficacy and the more female students had physical activity time, the higher they had the dietary related self-efficacy. In conclusion, the OW group had good habits in physical activities for weekends, meal times, frequency of snack consumption but it showed undesirable when they were low in dietary related self-efficacy. Therefore we will provide the systematic nutrition education to them through this study.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.10
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• pp.954-958
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• 2007

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing premature infants who are small for their gestational ago. Methods : The medical records of 1,010 premature infants of 26 to 35 weeks of gestational age born at Il-Sin Christian Hospital, Busan from January 2000 to August 2006 were reviewed. We collected data on gestational age, birth weight, infant gender, birth order, maternal age and previous abortion history and analyzed the factors influencing premature infants who were small for their gestational ago at birth. Results : In our study more female than male (P=0.042) in premature infants who were small for their gestational ago were born from mothers aged younger than 20 or older than 35 (P=0.041). But association between smallness for gestational age and birth order or maternal previous abortion history was statistically insignificant (P=0.228, P=0.129). Conclusion : Considering the association of birth weight and the survival rate of premature infants, it is thought that maternal age had an influence on the survival rate of premature infants. Social and political support to lower the teenager pregnancy and older pregnancy is expected to increase the survival rate of premature infants and the birth of healthy normal neonates.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.30
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• pp.189-217
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• 2009

Unlike Sijo researchers' wishes, there is no enough place for Sijo in school education. Its falling tendency has caused the crisis of literature. Literature is not only an act of making a human life become itself humanly but also the most effective way for communicating with all around the world. Especially, Sijo is an important genre for four reasons: (1)understanding about the traditional sentiment, ideology (thoughts), and way of life of a people, (2) including the wisdom to help us live in reality, (3)having a set pattern (standard) which is an important element to develop the language culture, (4)letting us know about the root of the racial literature. These peculiar characteristics of Sijo are the machinery and materials that can elevate the self-identity of teenager who has been undergoing emotional and psychological instability. Therefore, Sijo education should be done to draw a 'clear-map' by using the following order: to understand of Sijo and apply the subjective experience, imagination, and pre-understanding of a learner to it - to understand the embodied world in Sijo in the concrete and experience the basic manner about the way of putting the world into shape - to express the learner's idea and feeling freely and positively - the expression activity focused on their critical thinking - an appreciation expression stressed on the learner's activity to elevate the self-identity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.102-108
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• 2003

This study investigated the current tendency of the middle school student's use of the food and nutrition information from the internet web site. The research employed web survey for the national middle school students. Middle school students usually searched the internet information to do homework and to solve the own curiosity. Forty percent of respondents had experience to get food and nutrition information from tile internet, and 74% of them were girl. Cooking method and world cooking exploring were the most wanted information among food and nutrition information. Professional cooking site and tips of food and nutrition from study aiding sites and monthly magazine sites were tile resources of food and nutrition information. The mai or reasons for searching the food and nutrition information were to know the cooking method and out of curiosity. The most unsatisfied problems were unnecessary information, too much advertisement and too difficult contents when the users approached the site to get the food and nutrition information. Students who have been not interested in and had no homework about food and nutrition, had no visiting experience of web sites for food and nutrition information. Therefore, to provide food and nutrition information for teenagers through internet, web sites were developed to have easy contents linked to study aiding site or other sites that teenagers frequently visit. Since teenager's interest about health issues is not as high as adult's one, the contents of sites must be easy for teenagers to follow and fun, however, should be based on scientific facts on food, nutrition and disease.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.171-176
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• 1993

Background : Mycoplasma pneumonia (M. pneumonia) is a major cause of atypical pneumonia, and its incidence is predominantly at childhood and early adulthood. In contrast, the incidence of adult patients with M. pneumonia has been known to be low. Furthermore the clinical aspects of M. pneumonia are different from those of community acquired pneumonia. Thus, we evaluated the clinical aspects of M. pneumonia in the adult patients. Method : Mycoplasma antibody and cold agglutination tests were performed in patients with clinically suspected pneumonia who had abnormal infiltrations on chest P-A. The 12 patients with pneumonia, who fulfilled entry criteria of more than 1:64 of cold agglutination titer and 1:40 of mycoplasma antibody titer or four-fold increase of mycoplasma antibody titer during one week, were analyzed in terms of clinical aspects. Results : 1) Twelve patients, male 3 and female 9, were included in this study. The peak incidence was teenager. 2) M. pneumonia occured perennially, but predominantly between June to October in eight patients. 3) The main symptoms were fever, coughing, sputum. 4) The main patterns of chest P-A were bronchopneumoina in 8 cases, and involved lesion were nearly both lower lobe. Conclusion : The clinical aspects with Mycoplasma pneumonia in adult patients were different from those of community acquired pneumonia.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.65-77
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• 2019

Adolescents reach the game-use states of adaptive and maladaptive by the absorption to computer game. Authors claimed that the two states are commonly related with the time of game-use, and the degree of them are distinctive according to adolescent individuals, specifically their self-control propensity. Authors proposed a conceptual research model that Big Five personality types predict their self-control which moderates the relationships from game use-time to the maladaptive and adaptive states. The data to test its validity and reliability had been sampled 999 Korean students in elementary school, middle school, and high school. Resultingly, the openness and conscientiousness of the adolescents affected positively on the self-control, which moderated negatively the relationship from the game use time to the maladaptive use state, but the positive moderation on the relationships from game use time to adpative state was not significant. These results mean that we could apply teenager's Big Five personality type and their self-control traits as a tool for preventing teens from the overuse state like addiction.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.30
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• pp.7-36
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• 2010

Cho Gwang-jo(趙光祖, 1482-1519) was the moralist who had the purest conscience and aimed the devoted politics among many fellow Confucianists of Chosun Dynasty. He even criticized his teacher who was in his late forty years for not being able to control his emotions when he was just a teenager. That is to say, he was the one who have kept his cold reasons for entire life. Nevertheless, as mentioned before, Cho Gwang-jo was very faithful to his emotions and also very honest. We find that he was definitely emotional. He demanded to change the relationship between the king and the courtier to the one between the father and the son with humane communication. He expressed his mind and emotion he had used to have at the moment of his death: he loved his king just as he loved his father. However, the king, Joongjong, was indifferent at the human's emotion as if he was a senseless figure. That was the saddest frustration and grief he had. However, his grief did not remained just as the mere grief but again survived as the hope for the survivors and descendants with the big echo. In this respect, his gried did not just end as the grief but it can be said that it even revived itself as the strength and courage. Then, Cho Gwang-jo's life as a human being was never a failure. Moreover, his grief and agony did not just remained as the vain emotion and sadness.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.276-289
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of leisure activities on middle school and high school students' adjustment to school lives and, in the relationship between their leisure activities and adjustment to school lives, review the mediating effect of psychological happiness and academic stress. For this study, middle school and high school students of the schools located in Seoul and Gyeonggi areas were surveyed over two weeks from November 1 to November 15, 2021, followed by empirical analysis. The findings of this study were as follows; First, the leisure activities of teenagers had a positive impact on their psychological happiness. Second, the leisure activities of teenagers had a negative impact on academic stress. Third, the leisure activities of teenagers had a positive impact on school life adjustment. Fourth, the psychological happiness felt by teenagers had a positive impact on the adjustment to school lives. Fifth, the academic stress of teenagers had a negative impact on school life adjustment. Sixth, in the relationship between leisure activities and school life adaptation, psychological happiness and academic stress had significant mediating effects. The implication of this study is that it provided theoretical and empirical data for developing a strategy to help teenagers adapt to school and cope with school stress with sound leisure activities and high happiness.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.172-180
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• 2022

Focusing on the concept of "narrative of desire" advocated by Peter Brooks, this paper aims to analyze the construction and presentation of the body narrative in I Am What I Am, combined with the "body situation" concept of Merleau-Ponty, the pioneer of body studies. This paper first analyzes the changes in the characters' physical and mental cognition in the film through the "desire narrative" and "visual body" proposed by body narratologist Peter Brooks. Secondly, this paper summarizes the physical and mental evolution of the coward-rebel-disciple-self-breaker experienced by the teenager, and analyzes the continuous plot composed of the body in time and space through the physical situation formed by time and space, that is, the visual presentation of the juvenile's personal body picture. So the protagonist's physical desire and visual body in "I Am What I Am" are the meta-driving forces of the narrative. The film presents the subject's physical desire in a visual way, and reproduces the deduction process of the body narrative through the body situation.shift from the common surreal, magical special effects, exaggeration, deformation and other techniques of commercial animations such as "Ne Zha: Birth of the Demon Child" (2019) and "Legend of Deification" (2020) to the true-life "I am What I am". "(2021), "To the Bright Side" (2022) and other visual experiences of the same kind marks breakthroughs made by Chinese animation and is of practical significance.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.27-42
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• 2022

This study was conducted to examine the resources that influence the choice of drop-out students' reentry to school. A total of five years of panel analysis of 2,553 drop-out teenagers from 2013 to 2017 were utilized. In order to verify the resources that affect the choice of school reentry of teenagers with experiences of suspension of studies to formal middle and high school after July 2012, this study analyzed drop-out teenagers' family resources as well as their psychological, mental, and social-relationship resources. A crossover analysis, t-test, and hierarchical logistic regression analysis were conducted. The major outcomes of this study are as follows: First, the socio-demographic variables among the resources that affected the choice of reentry for school of teenager children were the type of family and number of moves to a new house. Second, the psychological and sentimental variable that affected the choice of school reentry was a decreasing level of positive recognition of the situation of suspension of studies combined with depression, impulsiveness, and perceiving society as one that discriminates based on the level of education. Third, significant family resource variables were the type of family form and parents providing economic support, which is a subfactor of parental attachment. Fourth, the presence of a mentor as a helpful social-relationship resource had a significant effect on relational resources. This study is significant in the sense that the positive family resources that affect the choice of school reentry of drop-out teenage students were determined, and the positive directivity of supportive family resources is presented for parents with teenage children experiencing a suspension of studies.