• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.23-32
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between social support and performance in practical dance. The purpose is to clarify the mediating effects of mindset and grit in this relationship. Through this study, we aim to provide basic data that can contribute not only to the growth of practical dance, but also to the development of the industry and the enhancement of social value by utilizing related digital technology. The research subjects consisted of practical dance majors who had experience participating in competitions and battles. The research method was an online survey, and the survey was conducted from June 18 to July 17, 2024. The research results are as follows. First, the factors of social support affecting practical dance performance were confirmed as parent support, friend support, and leader support. Second, in the influence of social support and performance, fixed mindset was confirmed to have a mediating effect in friend support and leader support. Third, in the influence of social support and performance, perseverance grit was confirmed to have a mediating effect in leader support, and in the influence of social support and performance, passion grit was confirmed to have a mediating effect in parent support, friend support, and leader support. Fourth, in the influence of mindset and performance, perseverance grit was confirmed to have a mediating effect in fixed mindset and growth mindset, and in the influence of mindset and performance, passion grit was confirmed to have a mediating effect in fixed mindset and growth mindset. Based on the research results above, we propose ways to revitalize the practical dance industry by expanding the base of practical dance competitions and battles, utilizing the Internet of Things, and encouraging the participation of the MZ generation.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.49-55
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• 2024

In this paper, AI models for predicting peak power usage were developed and comparatively analyzed using data collected from the Jeju Samdasoo factory through a big data collection system based on IoT sensing technology. The LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) model demonstrated the highest prediction accuracy for univariate time-series data, achieving an R² of 0.98, RMSE of 0.039, and MAE of 0.026. Meanwhile, the XGBoost (eXtreme Gradient Boosting) model effectively handled multivariate data, achieving an R² of 0.93, RMSE of 0.018, and MAE of 0.013. Various data preprocessing methods and feature combinations were experimentally applied to optimize model performance, highlighting the significant impact of preprocessing and variable selection on prediction accuracy. The findings suggest that optimized AI models for peak power prediction can reduce power costs and achieve approximately 10-15% reductions in carbon emissions. This study offers companies pursuing ESG (environmental, social, and governance) management practical and specific strategies for achieving sustainability, while demonstrating the applicability of the predictive model across various industries, including manufacturing, logistics, and smart factories.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.233-243
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• 2024

Despite the common use of 2D electrical resistivity surveys to investigate active faults buried under Quaternary sediments in Korea, interpretation of the geological characteristics of these faults from resistivity distributions often relies on subjective experience. This reliance on subjective interpretations can lead to inconsistencies and inaccuracies. Therefore, a more systematic and objective approach is required to enhance the reliability and accuracy of geological interpretations. In this study, 2D and 3D electrical resistivity surveys were conducted on two active faults, in the southern Yangsan Fault and the northeastern part of the Gongju Fault, both of which are covered by Quaternary sediments. The relationship between the geological characteristics of the active fault zone and the electrical resistivity was examined, based on the resistivity distribution within the strata. As a result, this study found that the 2D electrical resistivity distribution pattern takes on a vertical form when different rock types are distributed on either side of the fault plane boundary, or when a fracture zone caused by seismic activity is developed on one side of the fault plane within the same rock type. The active fault plane is located at the boundary between areas of relatively high and low resistivity. In addition, because faults exhibit the geological characteristic of being a linear structure, it was found that the 3D electrical resistivity distribution is useful for understanding the spatial distribution of fracture zones. However, because 3D surveys require considerable effort in both fieldwork and interpretation, their application in domestic active fault investigations has been limited. Therefore, the introduction and further development of 3D exploration technology are required in the future.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.761-776
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• 2024

This study proposes a new model for the systematic assessment and management of tunnel collapse risks. Tunnel construction is essential for developing infrastructure, including roads, railways, and subways, but managing collapse risks remains critical. To address this, 14 key influencing factors were identified, and their relative importance and weights were determined using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method. Monte Carlo method was applied to incorporate the probability distribution of each factor, resulting in a comprehensive risk assessment and the development of a tunnel collapse risk index. The findings indicate that factors such as Joint face conditions, groundwater inflow, auxiliary methods, joint face spacing, support pattern levels, and ground grade significantly affect tunnel collapse risks. The proposed model was validated using collapse accident data from the ◯◯ Tunnel, demonstrating a strong correlation between the calculated risk index and actual collapse incidents, thereby confirming the model's applicability. The results of this study are expected to enhance the safety of tunnel construction and contribute to minimizing human casualties and economic losses. Future studies should focus on applying this model across diverse tunnel construction sites, conducting further evaluations, and refining the framework to develop a more sophisticated and precise risk assessment model.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.244-257
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• 2024

The Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI) conducted Korea's first seismic survey of an Antarctic glacier to investigate the size and subsurface structure of subglacial lake D2 beneath the David Glacier. The initial seismic survey was conducted during the 2019-2020 Antarctic summer season, utilizing infrastructure from the Jang Bogo Station and the Korean inland route (K-Route). This survey confirmed the existence of a subglacial lake and provided comprehensive data for preliminary structural analysis. Based on these findings, a second seismic survey was conducted during the summer of 2021-2022. In this survey, we employed a methodology to address the environmental challenges of the Antarctic inland ice sheet and to enhance detection resolution for subglacial lake sedimentary structures. In the second survey, the explosive charge was increased from 400 g to 1,600 g, the number of rod-type receiver channels was expanded from 48 to 96 channels, and the fold number was increased from 1 to 4 or 8, improving data quality and clarity. In addition, 25-30 m hot-water drilling was used to position explosives within the boreholes, which were then allowed to freeze solidly to maximize energy transmission efficiency. These high-quality seismic data enabled precise delineation of the subglacial lake's size, structural features, and underlying sedimentary layers, thereby providing critical information for selecting optimal sites for further hot-water drilling. This dataset establishes foundational resources for Antarctic subglacial lake research and will support future studies on subglacial lake dynamics and structural analyses across Antarctica.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.139-149
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• 2024

Recent climate change has considerably altered rainfall patterns and volumes, hampering the stability of solar power plants installed on mountain slopes. To ensure the safety of areas with solar power plants and minimize landslide damage, reliable slope stability assessments and effective landslide early warning systems (LEWSs) are essential. In this study, we integrated the load and design characteristics of solar power plants into an existing LEWS and applied it to the study area. Rainfall data were collected, and soil samples were obtained for laboratory experiments to analyze their physical and hydraulic properties. Based on these data, a numerical analysis program was employed to calculate the critical continuous rainfall for the study area, and the effect of solar power plants on slope stability was assessed. The findings demonstrate the feasibility of evaluating slope stability and developing a LEWS for solar power plants installed on mountainous terrain. These results provide a valuable foundation for ensuring slope stability and mitigating infrastructure damage in mountainous areas in the future.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.17-26
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• 2010

Recently concerns have been raised due to the unbalanced supply of crops: the price of crops has been unstable and at one point the price went up so high that the word Agflation(agriculture+ inflation) was coined. Korea, in particular, is a small-sized country and needs to secure the stable supply of crops by investing in the produce importation at a national level. Investment in foreign produce importation is becoming more important as a measure for sufficient supply of crops, limited supply of domestic crops, weakened farming conditions worldwide, as well as recent changes in the use of crops due to the development of bio-fuels, influence of carbon emission on crops, the price increase in crops, and influx of foreign hot money. However, there are many problems with investing in foreign produce importation: lack of support from the government; lack of farming information and technology; difficulty in securing the capital; no immediate pay-off from the investment and insufficient management. Although foreign produce is originally more price-competitive than domestic produce, it loses its competiveness in the process of importation (due to high tariffs) and poor distribution system, which makes it difficult to sell in Korea. Therefore, investment in foreign produce importation is being questioned for feasibility; to make it possible, foreign produce must maintain the price-competitiveness. Especially, harvest of agricultural products depends on natural and geographical conditions of each country and those products have indigenous properties, so distribution system according to import and export of agricultural products should be treated more carefully than that of other industries. Distribution costs are differentiated into each item and include cost of sorting and wrapping, cost of wrapping materials, cost of domestic transport, cost of international transport and cost of clearing customs for import and export. So transporting and storing agricultural products generates considerable costs compared with other products. Also, due to upgrade of dietary life, needs for stability, taste and visible quality toward food including agricultural products are being raised and wrong way of storage causes decomposition of food and loss of freshness, making the storage more difficult than that in room temperature, so storage and transport in distribution of agricultural products needs specialty. In addition, because lack of specialty in distribution and circulation such as storage and wrapping does not solve limit factors in distance, the distribution and circulation has been limited to a form of import and export within short-distant region. Therefore, need for distribution out-sourcing which can satisfy specialty in managing distribution and circulation and it is needed to establish more effective distribution system. However, existing distribution system of agricultural products is exposed to various problems including problems in distribution channel, making distribution and strategy for distribution and those problems are as follows. First, in case of investment in overseas agricultural industry, stable supply of the products is difficult because areas of production are dispersed widely and influenced by outer factors due to including overseas distribution channels. Also, at the aspect of quality, standardization of products is difficult, distribution system is quite complicated and unreasonable due to long distribution channels according to international trade and financial and institutional support is not enough. Especially, there are quite a lot of ineffective factors including multi level distribution process, dramatic gap between production cost and customer's cost, lack of physical distribution facilities and difficulties in storage and transport due to lack of wrapping containers. Besides, because import and export of agricultural products has been manages under the company's own distribution according to transaction contract between manufacturers and exporting company, efficiency is low due to excessive investment in fixed costs and lack of specialty in dealing with agricultural products causes fall of value of products, showing the limit to lose price-competitiveness. Especially, because lack of specialty in distribution and circulation such as storage and wrapping does not solve limit factors in distance, the distribution and circulation has been limited to a form of import and export within short-distant region. Therefore, need for distribution out-sourcing which can satisfy specialty in managing distribution and circulation and it is needed to establish more effective distribution system. Second, among tangible and intangible services which promote the efficiency of the whole distribution, a function building distribution environment which includes distribution information, system for standard and inspection, distribution finance, system for diversification of risks, education and training, distribution administration and tax system is wanted. In general, such a function building distribution environment is difficult to be changed and supplement innovatively because its effect compared with investment does not appear immediately despite of its necessity. Especially, in case of distribution of agricultural products, as a function of collecting and distributing is performed individually through various channels, the importance of distribution information and standardization is getting more focus due to the problem of repetition of work and lack of specialty. Also, efficient management of distribution is quite difficult due to lack of professionals in distribution, so support to professional education is needed. Third, though effort to keep self-sufficiency ratio of staple food, rice is regarded as important at the government level, level of dependency on overseas of others crops is high. Therefore, plan for stable securing food resources aside from staple food is also necessary. Especially, governmental organizations of agricultural products distribution in Korea are production-centered and have unreasonable structure whose function at the aspect of distribution and consumption is quite insufficient. And development of new distribution channels which can deal with changes in distribution environment and they do not achieve actual results of strategy for distribution due to non-positive strategy for price distribution. That is, it implies the possibility that base for supply will become vulnerable because it does not mediate appropriate interests on total distribution channels such as manufacturers, wholesale dealers and vendors by emphasizing consumer protection excessively in the distribution of agricultural products. Therefore, this study examined fundamental concept and actual situation for our investment to overseas agriculture, drew necessities, considerations, problems, etc. of overseas agricultural investment and suggested improvements at the level of distribution for price competitiveness of agricultural products cultivated in overseas under five aspects; government's indirect support, distribution's modernization and distribution information function's strengthening, government's political support for distribution facility, transportation route, load and unloading works' improvement, price competitiveness' securing, professional manpower's cultivation by education and training, etc. Here are some suggestions for foreign produce importation. First, the government should conduct a survey on the current distribution channels and analyze the situation to establish a measure for long-term development plans. By providing each agricultural area with a guideline for planning appropriate production of crops, the government can help farmers be ready for importation, and prevent them from producing same crops all at the same time. Government can sign an MOU with the foreign government and promote the importation so that the development of agricultural resources can be stable and steady. Second, the government can establish a strategy for an effective distribution system by providing farmers and agriculture-related workers with the distribution information such as price, production, demand, market structure and location, feature of each crop, and etc. In order for such distribution system to become feasible, the government needs to reconstruct the current distribution system, designate a public organization for providing distribution information and set the criteria for level of produce quality, trade units, and package units. Third, the government should provide financial support and a policy to seek an efficient distribution channel for foreign produce to be delivered fresh: the government should expand distribution facilities (for selecting, packaging, storing, and processing) and transportation vehicles while modernizing old facilities. There should be another policy to improve the efficiency of unloading, and to lower the cost of distribution. Fourth, it is necessary to enact a new law covering exceptional cases for importing produce in order to maintain the price competitiveness; currently the high tariffs is keeping the imported produce from being distributed domestically. However, the new adjustment should be made carefully within the WTO regulations since it can create a problem from giving preferential tariffs. The government can also simplify the distribution channels in order to reduce the cost in the distribution process. Fifth, the government should educate distributors to raise the efficiency and to modernize the distribution system. It is necessary to develop human resources by educating people regarding the foreign agricultural environment, the produce quality, management skills, and by introducing some successful cases in advanced countries.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.967-974
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• 2003

This experiment was carried out to investigate the relationship of morphological characteristics between reticulum and abomasum of Korean native young goats age from 2 days to 150 days. Number of traits investigated in the reticulum in this experiment were 12[body weight, chest girth, body length, right and left reticulum length(R.L.), upper and lower reticulum length(U.L.), reticulum weight(R.W.), reticulum area(R.A.), upper and lower length of one polygon located at central part of reticulum(U.P.C.R.), right and left length of one polygon located at central part of reticulum(R.P.C.R.), thickness of polygon wall located at central part of reticulum(T.P.C.R.), thickness of polygon wall located at middle part of reticulum(T.P.M.R.), and thickness of polygon wall locared at edge part of reticulum(T.P.E.R.)] and items for abomasum were 12[length of between ostium omaso-abomasicum part and pylosica part in the abomasum(L.B.O.P.), broadest outer part of the abomasum(B.O.A.), weight of abomasum(W.O.A.), area of abomasum(A.O.A.), number of plicae abomasi in the abomasum(N.P.A.A.), thickness of abomasum well at cranial part(ostium omasoabomasicum) in the abomasum(T.A.C.A.), thickness of abomasum well at central part in the abomasum(T.A.P.A.), thickness of abomasum wall at light upper area of pylosica part in the abomasum(T.A.L.A.), length measured from the longest plica abomasi in the abomasum(L.L.P.A.), broadest measured from the longest plica abomasi in the abomasum(B.L.P.A.), area measured from the longest plica abomasi in the abomasum(A.L.P.A.), weight of longest plica abomasi in the abomasum(W.L.P.A.)]. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Number of coefficient of correlation obtained among 12 traits of the abomasum and 12 of the reticulum were 144, and coefficient of correlation of 114 were significant(P〈0.05). 2. Trait of abomasum weight have high correlation with 12 traits of reticulum. 3. Correlation coefficients and regression equation between body weight. VS. abomasum weight(r$_1$), and upper and lower length of one polygon located at central part of reticulum(U.P.C.R.) VS. abomasum weight(r$_2$) were r$_1$=0.8954$^{**}$ and Y=10.703+3.374X, r$_2$=0.8430$^{**}$ and Y=5.689+4.311X, respectively. 4. Correlation coefficients and regression equation between chest girth VS. abomasum weight(r$_1$), and body weight VS. abomasum weight(r$_2$) were r$_1$=0.8708$^{**}$ and Y=-17.219+1.227X, r$_2$=0.8589$^{**}$ and Y=- 17.616+1.290X, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.642-651
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• 2013

This study sought to evaluate the daily intakes of sodium saccharin and sucralose for individuals in Korea with average and high levels of consumption of both these substances. The estimated daily intake of both sweeteners was determined from analytical data and dietary intake data collected as part of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey. Analysis of the data showed that sodium saccharin was found in 53 (15.6%) of 339 processed foods analyzed, whereas sucralose was found in 141 (23.9%) of 590 processed foods analyzed. The average intake of sodium saccharin was 1.18% of the acceptable daily intake (ADI) defined by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert committee on Food Additives (JECFA). The average intake of sucralose was 0.55% of ADI. The 95th percentile intakes of sodium saccharin and sucralose were 5.29% and 15.66% of ADI, respectively. Children 6 years old and younger consumed more sodium saccharin and sucralose than did children from any of the other age groups tested. In conclusion, the average daily intakes of sodium saccharin and sucralose within members of the Korean population fall within safe levels.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.115-122
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• 2014

In order to select the raspberry cultivars that have high contents of bioactive constituents and high antioxidant activities, 7 cultivated and 2 wild raspberries which were selected and cultivated in the Bokbunja Institute were evaluated for their physicochemical characteristics, bioactive constituents, and antioxidant activities. The wild raspberry of Asan was the smallest among the sample raspberries but it had the highest sugar and lowest acid contents among the raspberries. Another wild raspberry of Ulleungdo had the highest total phenolic compound and ellagic acid contents, 182.97, $55.25mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}FW$, respectively, although it was small and had low sugar and high acid contents. Among the widely cultivated raspberry cultivars in Kimhae, 'Wangttal' cultivar was a big raspberry with 12.80% sugar content, and another unknown raspberry cultivar was as small as the wild raspberry with 14.60% sugar content. Although 'Wangttal' and the unknown raspberry cultivars cultivated in Kimhae possess lower contents of total phenolic compound (159.62, $165.94mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$) and ellagic acid (45.7, $52.1mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$ ) than the wild raspberry of Ulleungdo, the contents of total flavonoids (14.28, $14.90mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$) and total anthocyanins (28.69, $30.48mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$) were higher. Also the wild raspberry of Ulleungdo, 'Wangttal', and the unknown raspberry cultivar of Kimhae had higher antioxidant activities measured by FRAP (Ferric reducing antioxidant power), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), and ABTS (2,2' azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) assays. The present study shows that three raspberry cultivars could be potent resources for raspberry breeding and functional material development.