• Journal of Technology Innovation
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.1-19
• /
• 2015

The paper reviews the precedent studies on the relationship between standards and technological innovation. First of all, the paper defines standards, standardization, and technological innovation, respectively. Since standards have been considered as an obstacle in technological innovation, whether standards can promote innovation, or vice versa, is addressed. In addition, the role of standards and standardization in technological innovation is reviewed at the following levels: the stage of innovation, the type of innovation, and the macro or institutional aspect. Based on the above, the paper introduces at a glance the articles published in the special issue of Journal of Technology Innovation on the standards. Finally, the research questions to be studied in the future are presented.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.83-108
• /
• 2008

A analytical framework is suggested to explain how different standardization each country makes with incorporation of institutional elements such as the state's intervention and inter-firm relations which are considered to have a significant effect on it. Application to mobile telecommunication industry of the framework shows that different innovation system has its own technological standardization. In isolated inter-firm relation system, standardization is achieved through market but in cooperative one, through coordinating activities between participant firms. The state, however, intervenes more deeply in standardization and inter-firm relations are shorter in state-led and isolated firm relation system than in state-led and cooperative firm relation system.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.74-89
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study is to identify in two aspects the relationship between standardization activities and technological development at the firm level. The first aspect is to analyze the relationship between the current Korean industrial standards system and the firm's technological development vis-a-vis quality standards. The analysis reveals that even if Korean firms recognize the importance of standards, the level of product quality of the KS mark is still lower compared to the average world level. The survey also reveals that the reasons for acquiring ISO and KS marks are mainly aimed at enforcing company image and increasing quality management mind, rather than to foster technological innovation. The second aspect explores how much Korean industrial standards (KS marks) affect the firm's technological development in the Process of standards acquisition activities. The survey results show that standardization activities have a less positive impact on technological innovation than on the maintenance of consistent production works.

• Management & Information Systems Review
• /
• v.26
• /
• pp.133-152
• /
• 2008

In the knowledge and network economy, standards and standardization become an important factor in determining the competitiveness of nations and firms. This paper analyses some cases of firms' strategic standardization. We defined the concept of standards, standardization, strategic standardization, and standardization management, which have been unfamiliar in the academic society. The standardization strategy can be categorized into four types according to firm's management objectives or benefits, including technological innovation, market creation/extension. cost-down, and accreditation. This classification of standardization strategy is very useful in analysing the various kinds of the cases of strategic standardization implementation. We found that standards and standardization have a positive influence on firm's overall performance. In some cases, for example, Dell Computer, Sun Microsystems, Deere & Company, etc., strategic standardization plays a role as a key success factor(KSF).

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2003.10b
• /
• pp.354-359
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study is to establish the technical system of national logistics standardization and to strengthen the national competitiveness through reduction of the logistic cost We review of the government and private roles in the logistic sectors and suggest plans for the improvement of logistics standardization for its completion in the unit load system in Korea. We conclude that a symmetrical logistics standardization may accomplish to reduce the costs of national logistics.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.69-88
• /
• 2014

This study examines the effect of external environments such as technological change and competitive intensity on standardization. It was empirically tested by a Korean sample to verify the validity of the research framework. The empirical result confirms that external environments increase the odds of marketing standardization and technology standardization. The result also indicates that technology change and global standardization are related. The data support that firms facing a high rate of technology change stress marketing and technology standardization. The result also confirms that competitive intensity directly influences marketing standardization.

• Management & Information Systems Review
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.225-244
• /
• 2010

In the information society, characterized by knowledge and network economy, standards and standardization became a very important factor in determining the competitiveness of nations and firms. This paper defines the concept of standards and standardization and reconstructs the theory on the relationship between standards and technological innovation. The findings and policy implications are as follows. First, the effect of standards on technological innovation differs according to its function(compatibility, minimum quality, information, and variety reduction) and types(product-related and non-product). On the other hand, standards can impede technological innovation. Second, in terms of national innovation system(NIS), standards are an infra-technology, which is a public good. Therefore, government should decide the optimal level of investment on standards and standardization. Third, since standards foster firms' innovation over the all stages of business activities company, industry, and government should connect standardization activities with R&D, manufacturing, marketing, supply chain, and technology transfer, Fourth, standards play an important role in product innovation as well as process innovation. Based on these theoretical background and hypotheses, the empirical study of the Korean firms is needed.

• Management & Information Systems Review
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.63-75
• /
• 2014

The paper investigates empirically the determinants of standardization activity at the industry level, focusing on market structure. The enactments or amendments of collective standards is used as the proxy variable for standardization activity. The independent variables, in addition to market structure, are technological opportunity, factor intensity, export ratio, and industry characteristics(assembly). We estimated the logistic regression model(so-called Logit), using the pooling data for 9 Korean industries, including foods, textiles, chemicals, nonmetallic minerals, metals, electronics and electrics, machinery, automobiles, and shipbuilding, over 2006-2009. The empirical finding shows that market structure has no any effects on the enactments or amendments of collective standards in Korea. This might infer that oligopolistic firms devote themselves to de facto standards determined by market rather than de jure standards such as collective standards and Korean Standards(KS). Besides market structure variable, whereas technological opportunity and assembly characteristics are likely to relate positively with the enactments or amendments of collective standards, capital intensity and export ratio have no any relationship with industrial standardization, respectively.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.105-128
• /
• 2012

This paper proposes the technological level assessment which improved reliability and the efficient noise elimination methods in the process of establishing patent map analysis data. In order to eliminate efficiently noise (removed by the manual process in the past), the paper applies the Logical Operator 'AND', makes it a program in excel VBA(Visual Basic Application), and obtains the valid data. For the improved reliability technological level assessment of the patents, the study calculates average number of claims, Patent Family Size(PFS), Cites Per Patent (CPP), Triad Patent Families, Standardization Patent Diversification Index (stdPCPI), and haF-index(Hirsch a Family index). The result which applied noise exclusion work showed less than 10% of acquired patent data ratio and confirmed high reliability. The result that apply proposed technological level assessment index makes sure that balanced technological level assessment which improved reliability by producing synthetic technological level assessment.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.465-482
• /
• 2016

Previous researches have introduced various ways to analyze the impact of standardization on innovation while the works are not only small in number but based on interview or case study. This paper addresses the impact of standardization activities within South Korean industries on technological innovation applying an empirical analysis of standardization activities and technological innovation. Drawing on Korean Industrial Standards Classification from panel data of 2003 to 2012, we employed corresponding data of each industrial classification: Number of standards, Accumulated number of standards, Number of patents applied in Korea, Sales, Operational profit, Intangible asset, and R&D invest. In the first model, we run panel data models employing the number of patents applied in Korea as an independent variable, and the number of standards, accumulated number of standards, sales, and operational profit as dependent variables to observe industrial impacts upon the relationship between standards and patents, along with time lagged consideration. The result shows that number of standards are revealed to have a negative influence on patent applications in the year of research, and no significant effect appears for the next two years while positive effect shows up on the third year. Meanwhie, accumulated number of standards turned out to have positive effects on patent applications in Korea. This implies it takes time for innovation subjects to embrace newly established standards while having a significant amount of positive effect on technological innovation in the long term. In the second model, we use canonical correlation analysis to find industrial-wide characteristics. The result of this model is equivalent to the result of panel data analysis except in a few industries, where some industry specific characteristics appear. The implications of our results present that Korean policy makers have to take account of industrial effects on standardization to promote technological innovation.