• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.339-351
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of cooperative making problems and solving problems for formative assessment at finish stage on science academic achievement and scientific attitude. This study is conducted in 51 sixth-graders of two classes. The experimental group was provided with a teaching-learning course based on cooperative making problem and solving problem at finish stage. And the control group was provided with general classes based on the contents in teacher's guidebooks. The experiment was performed with the second and third units of the sixth grade, for about two month and obtained the following results: First, students prefer to make supply-type items than multiple choices. And by the Bloom's revised taxonomy of educational objectives, students prefer to make the problem types of 'Factual Knowledge' and 'Conceptual Knowledge'. Also students prefer to make the problem types of 'Understanding' and 'Applying'. Second, cooperative problem making and solving problems at finish stage has same effect on academic achievement in comparison to teacher-driven activity. Third, the experimental group made statistically significant difference in self-efficiency, contrary to the general science classes. Especially, it turned out that a meaningful effect was discovered to a cooperativity, openness. Finally, it turned out that many students thought cooperative making problem and solving problem at finish stage gave the help approving their cooperativity and openness at the investigation of awareness.

• 정보관리학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.195-222
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 사서교사가 제공해야 할 정보활용교육의 일부로서 저작권 교육 관련 자료를 새로 개발하였다. 그리고 Jigsaw 협동학습법을 적용하는 집단과 강의식 교수법을 적용하는 집단, 아무런 수업을 하지 않는 집단으로 나누어 수업을 진행하였다. 수업이 끝나고 교수법이 고등학생들의 저작권 지식 및 저작권 태도에 미치는 효과를 분석함으로써 보다 더 효과적인 저작권 수업 방식을 모색하려 하였다. 실험 결과 저작권 지식 부분에서는 Jigsaw 협동학습법이 가장 높은 교육적 효과를 보였으며 저작권 태도 부분에서는 Jigsaw 협동학습법이 실천적 태도 부분에서 강의식 교수법보다 더 높은 교육적 효과를 나타내었다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.487-495
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• 2021

4차 산업혁명 시대에 필요한 창의적 및 비판적 사고를 함양할 수 있는 자기조절학습 전략을 이용하여, 고등학교 화학I '화학반응에서의 양적관계' 단원의 탐구실험 수업에 응용하였으며, 학업성취도 및 과학적 태도에 대한 효과를 연구하였다. 학업성취도의 경우, 사전검사에서 두 집단 간에 의미 있는 차이가 없었으나, 사후검사에서 실험집단의 평균값이 유의미하게 높았다. 실험집단 학생들은 모둠별 토의, 메타인지 활동 등으로 부피비, 몰비, 입자수 비 및 계수 비, 등의 양적관계를 더 잘 이해하였다. 학업성취도는 메타인지와의 상관성이 가장 높게 나타났다. 과학적 태도의 경우, 준비성, 호기심, 등에서 두 집단 간의 평균점 차이가 크게 나타났으며, 과학적 태도는 행동조절과의 상관성이 가장 높게 나타났다. 따라서 메타인지와 과학적 태도에 대한 효과를 고려할 때, 자기조절학습 전략이 이 시대에 필요한 창의성 및 인성교육에 가장 적합한 교수-학습 형태인 것으로 나타났다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.401-407
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• 2022

Electronic media are an integral part of modern civilization; educational practices are no exception, which should change the content orientations, structures and methodological approaches in accordance with the requirements of the educational market. This makes it relevant to find effective and successful configurations in the process of implementing modern educational practices. The purpose of the research lies in determining the basic principles of electronic media and their place in modern education, identifying the effectiveness of teaching disciplines with application of electronic media, as well as establishing the level of assessment by students of the need to involve different types of electronic media in the educational process and professional practice. The research methodology is complex; the descriptive method and methods of observation, analysis and synthesis have been used in the academic paper. The method of pedagogical experiment has become the principal one; the method of questionnaires and statistical methods have been also used. The hypothesis of the academic paper lies in the fact that the involvement of electronic media in the educational process makes it more effective and requires conceptual changes in educational practices. The result of the research manifests in the identification of new opportunities for the use of electronic media, leading to conceptual shifts in the framework of modern educational policies. In the future, it will be appropriate to consider the theoretical aspects of changing worldview models in education and the use of new media in the educational process, their effectiveness and relevance.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.826-834
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• 2006

본 연구의 목적은 예비교사를 대상으로 하여 측정 자료의 불확실도 개념을 조사하는 것이다. 연구의 대상은 서울시내 소재한 대학의 예비교사 27명이었다. 예비교사들에게 개방적인 탐구과제를 수행하게 하고 이것을 관찰 분석하는 방법을 사용하였다. 예비교사들의 개념을 조사하기 위해 2차례의 질문지를 제시하였으며, 일부에 대해서는 면담을 실시하였다. 응답한 자료를 분석하여 불확실도의 개념요소인 대표값의 표현, 정밀과 정확, 오차의 분석, 불확실도의 전파 등으로 나누어 예비교사들의 개념을 정리하였다. 연구결과에 의하면 예비교사들은 대표값의 표현에서 과학자들의 개념과 다른 개념을 가지고 있었으며, 정밀과 정확을 혼돈하여 사용하고 정밀한 실험을 실시하는데 소홀하였다. 또한 오차를 나열할 뿐 그 원인이나 실험에 영향을 미치는 정도를 분석하는 경우는 거의 없었다. 이러한 연구결과는 예비교사와 학생들이 올바른 개념을 가지게 하기 위한 교육과정이나 교수 학습 자료 개발에 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.95-106
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• 2024

The article is devoted to the design and development of an information system for preserving the results of testing to verify the residual knowledge of students of the resource for training specialists in information and communication technologies. The purpose of the study is to provide a scientific justification for the problem of developing professional training of specialists in information and communication technologies in the process of using an information system to save test results to verify students' residual knowledge and to verify the effectiveness of its implementation in universities. According to the results of the experiment, it can be argued that the introduction of an information system to preserve the results of testing to test students' residual knowledge in the educational process contributes to the professional training of specialists in information and communication technologies at the universities of Ukraine. The practice of development and use of modern information technologies focused on the implementation of psychological and pedagogical goals of teaching and education is fundamentally new mediated by modern technical and technological innovations.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2024

본 논문에서는 기존의 내용 전달 위주의 학습 메타버스 플랫폼이 아닌 실제 수업 활동에서 이루어지는 다양한 학습 상호작용에 기반한 가상 학습 플랫폼을 제안한다. 본 연구에서는 AI와 가상환경을 융합한 학습 환경을 제공하여 실시간 AI와 대화하며 문제를 풀어가는 방식을 활용하고 있다. 또한, 수업의 몰입도를 향상하기 위해 G-러닝 기법을 적용하였다. 본 연구를 통해 개발한 VirtualEdu 플랫폼은 자기주도적 학습, 게임을 통한 흥미 유발, 그리고 PBL 수업 방식을 조합하여 효과적인 학습 경험을 제공하고 있다. 이를 기반으로 학생들의 참여도와 학습 효과를 향상 시키는 새로운 교육 방식을 제안하고 있다. 실험으로는 50명 이상의 학습자가 실시간 화상 학습 활동 기반의 다양한 학습 활동애 대해 성능 실험을 하였고, 결과로서 안정하게 원활한 수업이 진행됨을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2024

본 연구에서는 이언 해킹(Ian Hacking)의 실험 철학에 대한 철학적 관점을 탐구하고 이 관점이 학교 실험 교육에 미칠 영향에 대한 논의하였다. 그간 다수의 철학자들은 실험이 이론을 검증할 때에만 중요하다는 이론 선행적인 관점을 주장하였다. 이와 마찬가지로 학교 교육에서도 실험의 주요 목적은 이론의 확인과 입증에 초점을 맞춘 관점이 주류를 이룬 것으로 보인다. 그러나 이러한 이론 선행적인 관점과는 대조적으로 해킹을 포함한 실험 철학자들은 실험 자체가 자율성과 생명력을 갖는다는 주장을 제안하였다. 해킹은 개입하기와 조작하기를 통해 실험의 이론 자율적인 성격을 강조하면서 실험에서 그동안 상대적으로 간과되었던 도구 사용, 재료, 과학자의 솜씨와 같은 요소들의 중요성을 강조하였고, 과학 활동에서의 실험의 역할과 그의 중요성을 재고하였다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 철학적 입장이 학교 실험교육에도 적용할 수 있는 것으로 보았으며, 본 연구에서 제시하는 현상중심의 관점을 통해 도구 사용, 실험자의 개입, 모델링 활동과 같은 과학적 실천을 가르치는 데 도움이 될 것으로 예상한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.263-272
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• 2007

This experiment was conducted to examine the effects of cage type (CT) and cage density (CD) on physiological variables in growing rats. Sprague Dawley rats (n=108) weighing an average of 46 g were housed in metallic cage with woodchip bedding (MCWB), metallic cage with wire mesh (MCWM), and plastic shoebox with woodchip bedding (PCWB) separately by sex at normal ($160-cm^2/rat$, ND) and high ($80-cm^2/rat$, HD) CD from 3 to 10 wks of age. All cages were in dimension of $24{\times}40{\times}20$ cm ($W{\times}D{\times}H$). At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected and 6 rats from each cage were sacrificed. No death was observed among rats at ND, whereas mortality rate at HD was 22.3% for males and 13.9% for females. Heart weight was affected by CT. Doubling CD caused 23, 11.8, 17.9, 8.6, 6.9, and 16.4% decreases in BW and weights of heart, liver, kidney, testis, and ovary, respectively. Except for adrenal gland, other organs for males were heavier than for females. Liver weight of males and females responded differently to CT and CD. Comparing with females, males had 7.3 and 5.2% heavier and 9.9% lighter liver weights in MCWB, MCWM, and PCWB, respectively. As CD doubled, liver weight for males and females decreased by 22.4 and 13.1%, respectively. Mean adrenal gland weight increased by 8.4% and decreased by 9.7% for males and females, respectively, with doubling CD. CT affected glucose, TG, Ca, and ALP levels. However, CD did not alter blood chemistry. Rats housed in metallic cages had greater neutrophil count and neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio than rats housed in plastic cages. Doubling CD caused a 24.2% increase in lymphocyte count. There were CT by CD, CT by sex, and CD by sex interaction effects on lymphocyte count. Doubling CD caused 0.1% decrease and 49.8 and 26.7% increases in lymphocyte count for rats housed in MCWB, MCWM, and PCWB, respectively. Comparing with females, lymphocyte count for males housed in MCWB, MCWM, and PCWB had 8.9 and 12.9% greater and 30.3% less lymphocyte counts, respectively. Lymphocyte count decreased by 4.12% for males, whereas it increased by 61.0% for females as CD doubled. Doubling CD resulted in 2.5 and 2.3% increases in erythrocyte count and hematocrit value. These data suggest that animals perform better in metallic cages than in plastic cages and that cage density had pronounceable effects on physiological parameters in a cage type and sex dependent-manner.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.188-202
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• 2001

This study was designed to investigate the effect of one-to-one labor support on labor pain, labor stress response, childbirth experience and neonatal status for primipara by a quasi experiment (nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design), from April 30, 1999 to February 20, 2000. The subjects of this experiment consisted of eighty two primipara with single gestation, full term, uncomplicated pregnancies. Forty one were in the experimental group and forty one in the control group. Their mean age was 25.95 years, their mean gestation period was 39.9 weeks. A caring package of one-to-one labor support had three components. Physical support consisted of massage, back pressure, touch. Emotional support was provided by a continuous nurse's presence, acceptance and encouragement. Informational support involved teaching breathing skills, relaxation skills and knowledge about the labor process. Data assessed labor pain, pulse rate and blood pressure to measure labor stress response. Also, in measuring the value of labor stress response, plasma epinephrine, plasma norepinephrine and serum cortisol were measured. In the 24 hours after birth, the data for the postpartum mother's childbirth experiences was collected. Umbilical cord arterial blood pH, one minute and five minute Apgar score were measured after birth. Data was analyzed by t-test, $x^2$-test, repeated measures ANOVA, ANCOVA with SAS Program. The results were as follows; 1. Labor pain was significantly low in the experimental group(P=.016). 2. No significant group effects were found, but significant time effects were found for plasma epinephrine, norepinephrine, serum cortisol, pulse rate and blood pressure. 3. The childbirth experience of the experimental group was significantly more positive than the control group (P = .005). 4. The umbilical cord arterial blood pH of the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group(P=.014). There was no significant difference between the two groups in neonatal one minute and five minute Apgar scores. In conclusion, these findings indicate that one-to-one labor support could be effective in decreasing labor pain, and increasing positive childbirth experiences, also increasing the neonatal umbilical cord arterial blood pH for primipara. So, one-to-one labor support could be applied as an effective nursing treatment for primipara.