• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.4D
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• pp.357-366
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• 2012

Construction equipment has applied to depreciation over the years, however, the price index for construction equipment is not properly reflected in existing quantity per unit and the local tax law. Thus, this study shows the analysis of the corporate tax law, the local tax law and business accounting standards, characteristics of the domestic depreciation system and depreciation methods, and the capital recovery factor of construction equipment applying the theory for economic efficiency. It also presents cases of depreciation on the basis of quantity per unit and tax law using straight-line depreciation method and declining balance method. It is proposed that the relations of the application system of permissible period for construction equipment and the existing system be explained and the application system of permissible period for construction equipment be imposed. Furthermore, it proposes the development of depreciation tables of construction equipment monthly expenses based on the domestic price index and applications. In addition of that, it proposes the analysis of pros and cons of the methods suggested and application limits of the study and subsequent improvement plans. This study should reflect more rational and objective reality in quantity per unit and tax law.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.543-550
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• 2021

The purpose of the study is to investigate the simulated effects of the Philippine tax reform, which is called Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion Law, on household income and occupational choice. The study utilized the Family Income Expenditure Survey and tax collection as input to Computable General Equilibrium-Top Down Behavioral Microsimulation approach to determine the effect of Philippine tax reform on household income and occupational choice. The results of the study show that the household income in the Philippines will increase due to the implementation of the Philippine tax reform. Also, the study had found that tax reform results drive the household to shift from being farming entrepreneur to salaried workers since the utility derived from being workers is much higher compared to the utility derived from being entrepreneur. The findings of this research suggest that the Philippine Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion Law is beneficial to the household since their income would increase, which will further result to an increase in their capability to buy goods and services. However, the tax reform would also lead to imbalance between the distribution of numbers of workers across sectors such as entrepreneurial farming, entrepreneurial non-farming, and wage sector.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.281-288
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• 2021

The purpose of the study is to determine the poverty and distributional effects of the implementation of Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion Law. The Computable General Equilibrium-Top Down Behavioral Microsimulation was used to obtain the effects of the tax reform on macroeconomic and microeconomic levels. Moreover, the Poverty Gap Index, Squared Poverty Gap Index, Foster, Greer, and Thorbecke Measures of Poverty, and Sen-Shorrocks-Thon Index were used to measure the poverty effect of the tax reform. Meanwhile, the Gini Coefficient and SST Gini Coefficient Index were used to measure the distributional effect of the tax reform. The results show that the implementation of the tax reform has resulted in a significant increase in household income and disposable income. Region IV has the highest estimated increase in household income. Meanwhile, Region IV remained to have the lowest household income. Further, the findings of this study suggest that the tax reform resulted in a significant decrease in the magnitude of poor and the number of poor in the Philippines. However, the result of the study also suggests that the effect of tax reform manifests no differences in terms of the poverty gap measured through the Foster, Greer, and Thorbecke poverty index due.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.71-86
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• 2011

The existing tax law provides that alloted resident tax on corporation tax is apportioned in accordance with the number of employees and total building area as of the end of business year. Through a case analysis, however, this study found that such apportionment is not applied to businesses whose operation was already withdrawn as of the end of business year. To solve this problem, the study proposed that the apportionment of alloted resident tax on corporation tax should be made in accordance with the number of employees and total building area in the middle of business year and a standard of corporation tax assessment, that is, sales assessed according to the value-added tax law. This proposal already proved to be reasonable by lots of actual cases that showed the realization of balance in taxation. To make more precise standards of the above mentioned apportionment, then, the study proposed that in the ordinance of the local tax law, 'as of the end of business year' should be replaced by 'in the middle of business year'. In addition, 'in the middle of business year' should be defined as 'in the period of continuous business' from the date of business end in the previous year to the date of business end in the present year and the length of the period should be calculated by month. These moves would bring more transparent and balanced local tax assignment than present under the local tax law.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.11
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• pp.91-109
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• 2002

This study provides evidence on the determinants of variability in corporate ETRs(effective x rates). Specially, this study examined the association between ETRs, firm size, and variables proxying for firms' capital structure and asset mixes, while controlling for firms' profitability. Overall, results suggest that ETRs are associated with many firm-specific characteristics such as size, capital structure, asset mix, and profitability, and that some of these associations continued after Corporate Tax Law changes. In addition, although the results indicate that the association between ETRs and firm-specific characteristics have undergone a shift since tax law change, these firm-specific characteristics have continued to be associated with ETRs.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.25-39
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• 2004

This paper examines the effect of the amendment of the valuation method for unlisted stocks in the inheritance tax law. There were many criticisms on the valuation method of the inheritance tax law because the method is not effective in the respect of the fairness in taxation. The method in the inheritance tax law was amended four times since the year 1991. This research focused on whether these amendments increased the impartiality in taxation or not. The finding of the empirical test indicates that as the valuation method were amended, the stock prices calculated by the valuation method were closer to the real stock price. On this ground, I could conclude that the amendments were effective in decreasing the partiality in taxation. In spite of the result, considering the cycle of stock market, I found that the problem of unlisted stock valuation in the inheritance tax law. The law lacks flexibility and elasticity.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.164-168
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• 2012

This study suggests the direction to narrow down the difference between financial and tax accounting in relation to borrowing costs. Accounting for capitalization of borrowing costs under accounting standards for non-public entities should be revised to converge into KIFRS. The provision of corporate income tax law relating to capitalization of borrowing costs should be applied on the optional basis rather than compulsory application especially for non-public entities. The range of qualifying assets for capitalization under the tax law should be reviewed to comply with KIFRS.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2016

This study is to help international traders in conducting tax and accounting works as to revenue recognition when a shipment incurs in accordance with Incoterms 2010. It is true that some are well familiar with Incoterms but have lack of accounting and tax application. In respect of tax operation, there are several regulations, such as Income Tax Law, VAT Law, which are applied differently according to sales points. Sales points and revenue recognition are a bit different when sales are made internationally. And this study compares those revenue recognitions by comparison of related Korean laws and Incoterms 2010.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.49-64
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• 2010

Penalty tax of basic law that has been revised in December 30, 2006 has been amended to tax 40 percent on no report and under-reporting in unjustifiable way. This revision is a punitive regulation that reflects the national tax service's will to not sit back and watch taxpayers' intentional tax evasion by imposing a heavier tax burden, and it raised penalty tax rate that has been applied leniently compared to foreign countries. Therefore, this study examines how changes in penalty tax rate affected faithful tax report and in what level the punitive penalty tax rate should be legislated so that the effect of the penalty tax rate can be maximized by performing empirical analysis on the effect on income tax rate reporting standard of self-employed businesses before and after the time the penalty tax rate increased dramatically from 33.3% to 300% based on the items.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.717-725
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• 2021

The study answers the awareness of taxpayers, tax authority services, tax socialization, tax collection, and account representative's controlling (monitoring) for compliance of the corporate Taxpayer. The study also examines the moderating effect of the tax audit to control the corporate Taxpayer's compliance. In this study, the method of non-probability sampling was used. The research data was gathered by handing out questionnaires at the Medan Kota Tax Office in Indonesia. The SEM method was used for data analysis through Lisrel 8.8 program. The findings of the study concluded that tax collection has a significant positive effect on corporate taxpayer's compliance and Tax audit moderates the relation between tax authority services and the account representative's controlling (monitoring) with corporate taxpayers' compliance. Also, tax socialization and account representative's controlling (monitoring) have a positive effect on the corporate taxpayer's compliance. In contrast, variables of taxpayer's awareness and tax authority services have a negative impact. Furthermore, tax audit does not moderate the relation between taxpayer awareness, tax socialization, and tax collection with the corporate taxpayer's compliance at Medan Kota Tax Office Indonesia. The findings suggest the Indonesian policymakers and tax authorities must create corporate legislation to handle compliance by leveraging the loopholes in tax legislation law and the tax audit system.