• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.253-259
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• 2016

Background: This study investigated the effects of zoledronic acid (ZA) on radiation-induced bone loss in C3H/HeN mice. Materials and Methods: C3H/HeN mice were divided into sham control and three irradiated groups (3 Gy, gamma ray). The irradiated mice were treated for 12 weeks with vehicle, amifostine (intraperitoneal injection), or ZA (subcutaneous injection). Grip strength, uterus weight, and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) levels were measured. Tibiae were analyzed using micro-computed tomography. Results and Discussion: Treatment of ZA ($100{\mu}g{\cdot}kg^{-1}{\cdot}week^{-1}$) significantly preserved trabecular bone volume, trabecular thickness, trabecular number, trabecular separation, bone mineral density of proximal tibia metaphysic, and cortical bone volume, but did not alter the uterus weight of the mice. The administration of ZA for 12 weeks lowered serum ALP and TRAP levels in irradiated mice, suggesting that ZA can reduce the bone turnover rate in mice. No differences were apparent between the amifostine-treated group and the irradiation control group. Conclusion: The results indicate that ZA can prevent radiation-induced bone loss in mice.

• Proceedings of the KACD Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.566.2-566
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• 2001

The objective of this study was to investigate the ability of alendronate and taurine in inhibiting in vitro osteoclast differentiation induced by bacteria. Whole cell sonicates of P. gingivalis were used as an osteoclast-stimulating factor in a mouse coculture system and differentiated osteoclasts were confirmed by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. Alendronate at the concentrations of 10-7, 10-6, and 10-5 M, and taurine at the concentrations of 4mM, 8mM, and 12mM were used.(omitted)

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.63-68
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on eruptive movement during tooth development. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat pups were randomly divided into two groups; control group and experimental group. The experimental group was administered daily with n-3 PUFA by intraperitoneal (IP) injection. After 10 days postpartum, rat pups were sacrificed to evaluate the effect of n-3 PUFA on eruptive tooth movement. Histological analyses were by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) assay was performed to compare the osteoclast distribution in the bone matrix above the developing molar teeth. Incisor teeth eruptions were noticeably observed in IP group, as compared to control group. Rat pups in IP group showed faster tooth eruption on day 8 after birth. Through histological analyses, IP group showed thinner bone matrix and more osteoclasts above the $1^{st}$ molar teeth, as compared to control group. TRAP assay showed significantly stronger stained pattern that the osteoclast above the $1^{st}$ molar teeth in IP group, as compared to control group. The results suggested that n-3 PUFA could affect osteoclastic activity involved in bony remodeling during eruptive tooth movement.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a secreted glycoprotein that regulates bone resorption by inhibiting differentiation and activation of osteoclast, thereby potentially useful for the treatment of many bone diseases associated with increased bone loss. In this study, we designed a novel cDNA expression cassette by modifying the potent and mammary gland-specific goat ${\beta}$-casein/hGH hybrid gene construct and examined human OPG (hOPG) cDNA expression in transgenic mice. Six transgenic mice all successfully expressed hOPG in their milk at the level of 0.06-2,000 ${\mu}g/ml$. An estimated molecular weight of the milk hOPG was 55 kDa in SDS-PAGE, which is the same as a naturally glycosylated monomer. This hOPG expression was highly specific to the mammary glands of transgenic mice. hOPG mRNA was not detected in any organs analyzed except mammary gland. Functional integrity of milk hOPG was evaluated by TRAP (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) activity assay in bone marrow cell cultures. OPG ligand (OPG-L) treatment increased TRAP activity by two fold but it was completely abolished by co-treatment with transgenic milk containing hOPG. Taken together, our novel cDNA expression cassette could direct an efficient expression of biologically active hOPG, a potential candidate pharmaceutical for bone diseases, only in the mammary gland of transgenic mice.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.59-72
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• 2017

Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate effects of Sochungryong-tang Extract(SRE) on osteoclast differentiation and bone resorptionin order to find out the possibility for clinical use in preventing and treating osteoporosis. Methods: To evaluate the effect of SRE on osteoclast differentiation, we induced RAW 264. 7 cells to be differentiated to osteoclasts by RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear $factor-{\kappa}B$ ligand). We measured effect on TRAP (Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase), NFATc, cathepsin K, MMP-9, inflammation related factors, histogenesis factors and bone resorption. Results: SRE decreased osteoclast differentiation, and also decreased expression of bone resorbing factors such as MMP-9, cathepsin K, TRAP, NFATc1, MITF, c-Fos, osteoclast stimulatory transmembrane protein, calcitonin receptor in RANKL-induced osteoclast. SRE also decreased Cyclooxygenase-2, indusible nitric oxide synthase, $TNF-{\alpha}$, which are thought to be related with the inflammatory bone destruction. Conclusion: SRE inhibits osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. The results indicate that the BHT extract can potentially be applied for preventing and treating osteoporosis.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 2016

In this report, we investigated the antioxidant (peroxyl radical-scavenging and reducing capacities) and anti-osteoporotic activities of extracts and isolated constituents (1 - 16) from the rhizomes of Kaempferia parviflora Wall. ex Baker on pre-osteoclastic RAW 264.7 cells. Compound 5 exhibited significant peroxyl radical-scavenging capacity, with TE value of $8.47{\pm}0.52{\mu}M$, while compound 13 showed significant reducing capacity, with CUPRAC value of $5.66{\pm}0.26{\mu}M$, at $10.0{\mu}M$. In addition, flavonoid compounds 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and terpene compound 15 showed significant inhibition of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) in NF-${\kappa}B$ ligand-induced osteoclastic RAW 264.7 cells, with values ranging from $16.97{\pm}1.02$ to $64.67{\pm}2.76%$. These results indicated that K. parviflora could be excellent sources for the antioxidant and anti-osteoporotic traditional medicinal plants.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.157-169
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• 2023

Effects of culture supernatants of Lactobacillus reuteri MG5346 (CS-MG5346) on receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis were examined. CS-MG5346 treatment up to 400 ㎍/mL significantly reduced tartrate-resistant acid-phosphatase (TRAP) activity, the phenotype biomarker of osteoclast, without affecting cell viability. CS-MG5346 inhibited the expression of osteoclast specific transcriptional factors (c-fos and nuclear factor-activated T cells c1) and their target genes (TRAP, cathepsin, and matrix metallo-proteinase-9) in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05). The administration of L. reuteri MG5346 (2×10⁸ CFU/day) for 8 wks significantly improved furcation involvement, but no difference was observed in alveolar bone loss in ligature-induced experimental periodontitis rats. The elevated RANKL/osteoprotegerin ratio, the biomarker of periodontitis, was significantly lowered in the gingival tissue by administration of L. reuteri MG5346 (p<0.05). L. reuteri MG5346 showed excellent stability in simulated stomach and intestinal fluids and did not have antibiotic resistance. Based on the results, L. reuteri MG5346 has the potential to be a promising probiotic strain for oral health.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2024

The rice field grasshopper, Oxya chinensis sinuosa (OC), has traditionally been utilized in Korea for various purposes; however, its potential benefits in the context of osteoporosis remain unclear. The results revealed that OC ethanol extract (OCE) significantly inhibited the formation and activity of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells in receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, OCE, at concentrations ranging from 100 to 400 ㎍/mL, demonstrated a dose-dependent reduction in the protein expression of osteoclast-specific markers, including nuclear factor of activated T cell cytoplasmic 1, c-Src, and TRAP, when compared to RANKL stimulation alone. Additionally, OCE significantly inhibited RANKL-induced activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) but not the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Collectively, these results indicate that OCE suppresses osteoclastogenesis by attenuating the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and JNK. Consequently, these findings suggest that OCE holds promise for the prevention of osteoporosis.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.23-44
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• 2020

Objectives The purpose of this study is to evaluate the healing effect of Hyeolbuchugeo-tang (HC) in rats with rib fracture. Methods Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (naive, control, positive control, HC-L and HC-H). All groups except naive group were subjected to bone fracture of rib. Naive group received no treatment at all. Control group was fed with phosphate buffered saline. Positive control group was orally medicated with tramadol. Experimental group was orally medicated with HC extract (50 mg/kg for low concentration [HC-L], 100 mg/kg for high concentration [HC-H]). X-ray and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) were conducted to assess the effect of HC. We analysed the level of 2) transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), Ki67, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-β, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) on 7 and 14 days after fracture. ALP, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine was measured for safety assessment. Results X-ray and micro-CT, showed HC enhance bone repair process. Callus formation was increased in experimental group at 7 days after fracture, but decreased at 14 days after fracture. 7 days after fracture, the level of TGF-β1 in experimental group was decreased. The level of Ki67, Runx2 in HC-H, TRAP in HC-L was increased. 14 days after fracture, the level of Ki67 in HC-L and HC-H was decreased. The level of ALP, Runx2, BUN in HC-L, TRAP in HC-L and HC-H was increased. Conclusions Taken together the results, HC promoted healing of bone fracture. In conclusion, HC has a potential to promote healing of bone fracture.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.637-642
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• 2010

Bone is continuously remodeled by osteoblasts and osteoclasts. We investigated the effects of medicinal herbs, which act on bone metabolism. Fifteen kinds of medicinal herb extracts were screened for bone formation activity with osteoblastic cells, and MC3T3-E1 and bone resorption were screened with osteoclasts derived from mouse bone marrow macrophages. Among these samples, Actinidia polygama, Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., Schizonepeta tenuifolia, Sorbus commixta, and Zingiber officinale Rosc. extracts showed strong bone-forming activity accompanied with osteoblast proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity. In addition, these extracts decreased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity against osteoclast differentiation. The results indicate that these medicinal herb extracts can potentially prevent bone-related diseases such as osteoporosis by increasing osteoblast differentiation and reducing osteoclast activity.