• Archives of design research
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.77-83
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• 2000

In this study, we studied characteristics on human tactile perception according to the depth and the pitch of surface roughness. Three experiments were performed for this study. The first experiment was to arrange samples in the order of their roughness. The second experiment was to group samples according to their roughness. And, the third experiment was to subjectively evaluate the level of roughness for each sample using adjective scales. Through these experimental studies, we could verify that the depth and the pitch of surface roughness give a significant effect on tactile perception and the depth gives more significant effect than the pitch. So, the depth of surface roughness must be more importantly considered than the pitch in the tactile user interface design of product.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.556-564
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the structural properties, the color characteristics and the texture of sight and touch on the tactile preferences for the black fabrics. Male and female university students were asked to evaluate the texture of sight and touch and tactile preference to the nine different black fabrics which were selected on the basis of the previous research results. Data were analyzed by using frequency analysis, mean, factor analysis, t-test, F-test, correlation and regression analysis. The texture of sight and touch for black fabrics was classified into four factors: smoothness, bulkiness, extensibility, firmness. This texture of sight and touch factors showed a significant correlative relationship to the structural properties and color characteristics of the black fabrics. There were significant differences according to black fabrics on the point of texture of sight and touch. The velvet was evaluated the most smooth fabric, while the velvet and fake leather were evaluated the most bulky fabrics. Also, the jersey and lace fabrics were evaluated the most extensible fabrics, while the melton was evaluated as the most firm fabrics. There were significant correlative relationships not only between the structural properties and the texture of sight and touch but also between the color characteristics and the texture for black fabrics. Also, among the structural properties, the color characteristics and the texture of sight and touch of black fabrics, major variable factor of influencing on the tactile preference was turned out to be the texture of sight and touch.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.225-229
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• 1998

The purpose of the current study was comparative analysis of autonomic and electrocortical responses to passive and active touch of the tektites with different subjective emotional preference. Perspective goal of the project is development of a template for classification of tactile stimuli according to subjective comfort and associated physiological manifestations. The study was carried out on 36 female college students. Physiological signals were acquired by Grass and B10PAC 100 systems with AcqKnowledge III software. Frontal, parietal and occipital EEG (relative power spectrum /percents/ of EEG bands - delta, theta, slow and fast alpha, low and fast beta), and autonomic variables, namely heart rate (HR), respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), pulse transit time (PTT), respiration rate (RSP) and skin conductance parameters (SCL, amplitude, rise time and number of SCRs) were analyzed for rest baseline and stimulation conditions. Analysis of the overall pattern of reaction indicated that autonomic response to tactile stimulation was manifested in a form of moderate HR acceleration, RSP increase, RSA decrease (lowered vagal tone), decreased n and increased electrodermal activity (increased SCL, several SCRs) that reflects general sympathetic activation. Parietal EEG effects (on contra-lateral side to stimulated hand) were featured by short-term alpha-blocking, slightly reduced theta and significantly increased delta and enhanced fast beta activity with few variations across stimuli. The main finding of the study was that most and least preferred textures exhibited significant differences in autonomic (HR, RSP, PTT, SCR, and at less extent in RSA and SCL) and electrocortical responses (delta, slow and fast alpha, fast beta relative power). These differences were recorded both in passive and active stimulation modes, thus demonstrating reproducibility of distinction between most and least emotionally preferred tactile stimuli, suggesting influence of psychological factors, such as emotional property of stimulus, on physiological outcome. Nevertheless, development of sufficiently sensitive .and reliable template for classification of emotional responses to tactile stimulation based on physiological response pattern may require more extensive empirical database.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.136-141
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• 2007

The Purpose Of This Paper Is To Use A Tactile Sensor To Compensate The Error Rate. Most Automated Sphygmomanometers Use The Oscillometric Method And Characteristic Ratio To Estimate Systolic And Diastolic Blood Pressure. However, Based On The Fact That Maximum Amplitude Of The Oscillometric Waveform And Characteristic Ratio Are Affected By Compliance Of The Aorta And Large Arteries, A Method To Measure The Artery Stiffness By Using A Tactile Sensor Was Chosen In Order To Integrate It With The Sphygmomanometer In The Future Instead Of Using Photoplethysmography. Since Tactile Sensors Have Very Weak Movements, Efforts Were Made To Maintain The Subject's Arm In A Fixed Position, And A 40hz Low Pass Filter Was Used To Eliminate Noise From The Power Source As Well As High Frequency Noise. An Analyzing Program Was Made To Get Time Delay Between The First And Second Peak Of The Averaged Digital Volume Pulse(${\Delta}t_{dvp}$), And The Subject's Height Was Divided By ${\Delta}t_{dvp}$ To Calculate The Stiffness Index Of The Arteries($Si_{dvp}$). Regression Equations Of Systolic And Diastolic Pressure Using $Si_{dvp}$ And Mean Arterial Pressure(Map) Were Computed From The Test Group (60 Subjects) Among A Total Of 121 Subjects(Age: $44.9{\pm}16.5$, Male: Female=40:81) And Were Tested In 61 Subjects To Compensate The Error Rate. Error Rates Considering All Subjects Were Systolic $4.62{\pm}9.39mmhg$, And Diastolic $14.40{\pm}9.62mmhg$, And Those In The Test Set Were $3.48{\pm}9.32mmhg,\;And\;14.34{\pm}9.67mmhg$ Each. Consequently, Error Rates Were Compensated Especially In Diastolic Pressure Using $Si_{dvp}$, Various Slopes From Digital Volume Pulse And Map To Systolic-$1.91{\pm}7.57mmhg$ And Diastolic $0.05{\pm}7.49mmhg$.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.277-283
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• 2006

We presented that fabrication process and characteristics of 3 axes flexible tactile sensor available for normal and shear force fabricated using Si micromachining and packaging technologies. The fabrication processes for 3 axes flexible tactile sensor were classified in the fabrication of sensor chips and their packaging on the flexible PCB. The variation rate of resistance was about 2.1 %/N and 0.5 %/N in applying normal and shear force, respectively. The flexibility of fabricated 3 axes flexible tactile sensor array was good enough to place on the finger-tip.

• Broadcasting and Media Magazine
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.118-131
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• 2006

With rapid development in ultra fast communication and digital multimedia, the realistic broadcasting technology, that can stimulate five human senses beyond the conventional audio-visual service is emerging as a new generation broadcasting technology. In this paper, we introduce a haptic broadcasting system and related core system and component techniques by which we can 'touch and feel' objects in an audio-visual scene. The system is composed of haptic media acquisition and creation, contents authoring, in the haptic broadcasting, the haptic media can be 3-D geometry, dynamic properties, haptic surface properties, movement, tactile information to enable active touch and manipulation and passive movement following and tactile effects. In the proposed system, active haptic exploration and manipulation of a 3-D mesh, active haptic exploration of depth video, passive kinesthetic interaction, and passive tactile interaction can be provided as potential haptic interaction scenarios and a home shopping, a movie with tactile effects, and conducting education scenarios are produced to show the feasibility of the proposed system.

• Journal of Appropriate Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.146-150
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• 2020

Assistive technologies for people with disabilities are often marginalized in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. In this paper, we intend to present the possibility of acquiring tactile information through the tactile display adapting an electromagnetic actuator. The multi-layered display designed for tactile communication has innovatively narrowed the size and spacing of cells in order to express pictures, maps, and graphics. This display has enabled the visually impaired to touch two-dimensional information combining with other assistive technologies so that. It would also provide a technical source of access to STEM education (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) so that students will perform better and be better prepared for advanced education. Moreover, it can be applied to public infrastructure and transportation in smart-city projects on the globe. Hence, this paper introduces the principle of Electromagnetic-actuator and how it can be utilized in many diverse areas.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.103-113
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of whole-body vibration stimulation on proprioception and tactile in patients with spastic cerebral palsy. Methods: This study was conducted on 9 children diagnosed with spastic cerebral palsy. Of the single case study methods, the ABAB design was employed in this study. Out of a 12-week study period, three weeks were allocated to each of two baseline periods and two intervention periods. The exercise was performed twice a week for 30 minutes. A general trunk stabilization exercise was performed during the baseline period and a trunk stabilization exercise accompanied with whole-body vibration was performed during the intervention period. Evaluation was performed five times in total: before the experiment, after baseline 1, after intervention 1, after baseline 2, and after intervention 2. To determine the effect of the exercise method, a skin sensory evaluation tool (monofilament kit) and a trunk proprioception sensor (digital dual inclinometer) were used. To compare the effects of the exercises at baseline and after intervention, an analysis of variance on repeated measures (repeated ANOVA) was performed to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that there were statistically significant increases from baseline in the means of proprioception and tactile during the intervention period with whole-body vibration (p <.05). Conclusion: Whole-body vibration can be proposed as an effective intervention method for improving the proprioception and tactile in children with spastic cerebral palsy, and this exercise method is expected to be actively used in clinical practice.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.811-816
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• 2004

The tactile force sensor was studied using Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG). The FBG is able to multiplex easily and is immune to electromagnetic environment. A sensor frame was designed to a cantilever beam type. Strain of a beam is related with the peak shift of a bragg wavelength. Finite Element Method (FEM) was used for getting an appropriate thickness from 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm thick. FEM results showed that 0.3 mm thick was suitable for the force range 10 N. The force resolutions of 0.039 N and 0.113 N were obtained with optical spectrum analyser and tunable Fabry-Perot filter, respectively.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.107-112
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• 1991

In this paper, we have developed page level input system of the character reading aid for the blind. Input toys)ems arse consisted with 512 pixels line image sensor, optical lento, digital interface for the computer and its control software. Input buffer size of the computer memory that for the single scanning of printed matters Image is 64kB. Image patterns of the reading characters which stored in system memory are converted to tactile character patterns that would be output to the bimorph tactile sensor by software control.