• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.14-23
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• 2020

Objectives : We investigated the efficacy and safety of miniscalpel acupuncture (MA) treatment combined with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for chronic neck pain (CNP) in an assessor-blinded randomized controlled pilot trial to establish a basis for larger-scale randomized controlled studies on this subject. Methods : Participants (n=36) were recruited and randomly allocated to the MA group, NSAIDs and combined treatment group. The MA group received MA three times over three weeks. The NSAIDs group was administered orally with zaltoprofen 80mg t.i.d. over three weeks. The combined treatment group received MA and zaltoprofen in the same manner as MA and NSAIDs groups. The primary outcome was pain as assessed by a visual analogue scale (VAS) and the secondary outcomes were assessed using the Neck Disability index (NDI), EuroQol 5-dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D), and Patients' Global Impression of Change scale (PGIC). Assessments were made at week 0 (baseline), 1, 2, 3 (primary end point) during treatment and at week 7 (4 weeks after the end of treatment). Results : 35 participants completed the study. No serious adverse event occurred and blood test results were within normal limits. The improvement of VAS and NDI was significantly greater in combined and MA group than that in NSAIDs group (p<0.017). The combined group showed better outcomes in EQ-5D at visit 2 and 5, in PGIC at visit 4 than the NSAIDs group (p<0.017). No significant differences were found between combined and MA group. Conclusions : Our results suggest that both combined and MA group can be more effective in improving pain control than NSAIDs group. A large-scale clinical study is warranted to further clarify these findings.

• 분석과학
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.460-466
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• 2012

벤젠 노출의 생물학적 노출인 인체 소변 중 뮤콘산(trans, trans-muconic acid) 분석을 위한 녹색 HPLC (Highr performance liquid chromatography) 분석방법을 개발하고 검증하였다. 이온교환수지 고상추출 카트리지를 사용하여 소변 중 뮤콘산을 추출하고, MF-Ph1 SG80 ($150mm{\times}2.0mm$ I.D., 5 ${\mu}m$) 칼럼과 이동상(10 mM $KH_2PO_4$+0.1% $H_3PO_4$)을 뮤콘산의 HPLC 분석에 사용하였으며 검출은 자외가시부검출기 259 nm에서 실시하였다. 0.1-5.0 mg/L 범위에서 상관계수 ($r^2$) 0.9992 이상의 양호한 직선성을 나타내는 검량선을 얻었다. 일내 및 일간 정밀성(RSD)은 각각 0.9-8.5% 및 3.1-4.5%였으며, 평균 회수율은 97.5-101.7% 범위였다. 본 연구에서는 유기 용매를 전혀 사용하지 않지만 기존 방법과 동일한 분석 성능을 가지고 있는 친환경 분석법을 개발하였다. 확립된 분석법은 벤젠 노출 평가를 위한 근로자의 생물학적 모니터링 방법으로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to determine the beneficial effect of propofol on human keratinocytes that have undergone hypoxia reoxygenation (H/R) injury and to investigate whether autophagy is associated with the protective mechanism. Thus, we evaluated how propofol influences the intracellular autophagy and apoptosis during the H/R process in the HaCaT cells. The cultured human keratinocyte cells were exposed to 24 h of hypoxia (5% $CO_2$, 1% $O_2$, 94% $N_2$) followed by 12 h of reoxygenation (5% $CO_2$, 21% $O_2$, 74% $N_2$). The experiment was divided into 4 groups: (1) Control=Normoxia ; (2) H/R=Hypoxia Reoxygenation ; (3) PPC+H/R=Propofol Preconditioning+Hypoxia Reoxygenation; (4) 3-MA+PPC+ H/R=3-MA-Methyladenine+Propofol Preconditioning+ Hypoxia Reoxygenation. In addition, Western blot analysis was performed to identify the expression of apoptotic pathway parameters, including Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase 3 involved in mitochondrial-dependent pathway. Autophagy was determined by fluorescence microscopy, MDC staining, AO staining, and western blot. The H/R produced dramatic injuries in keratinocyte cells. In our study, the viability of Propofol in H/R induced HaCaT cells was first studied by MTT assay. The treatment with 25, 50, and $100{\mu}M$ Propofol in H/R induced HaCaT cells enhanced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner and $100{\mu}M$ was the most effective dose. The Atg5, Becline-1, LC3-II, and p62 were elevated in PPC group cells, but H/R-induced group showed significant reduction in HaCaT cells. The Atg5 were increased when autophagy was induced by Propofol, and they were decreased when autophagy was suppressed by 3-MA. These data provided evidence that propofol preconditioning induced autophagy and reduced apoptotic cell death in an H/R model of HaCaT cells, which was in agreement with autophagy playing a very important role in cell protection.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.43.1-43.13
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• 2022

Objectives: This study compared the surface gloss (SG), gloss retention (GR), and color stability (CS) of 2 universal resin composites after chemical (CA) and mechanical (MA) aging. Materials and Methods: Twenty disc-shaped samples of G-ænial A'Chord (GC-Europe) and Filtek Universal (3M-ESPE) were polished with sequential abrasive papers. For CA, specimens were stored in 1 mL of 75% ethanol for 15 days at 37℃, and readings (SG, GR, and CS) were obtained at baseline and 5, 10, and 15 days. For MA, specimens were subjected to 10,750 simulated brushing cycles. SG and CS were evaluated after every 3,583 cycles. SG was measured with a glossmeter (geometrical configuration: 60°), and values were expressed in gloss units. Color was measured with a spectrophotometer using the CIE-L^*a^*b^* color system. The Student's t-test, 1-way analysis of variance, and Scheffé test were used for statistical analysis (α = 0.05). Results: G-ænial presented significantly higher SG values than Filtek (p = 0.02), with GR reductions of 5.2% (CA) and 5.3% (MA) for G-ænial and 7.6% (CA) and 7.2% (MA) for Filtek. The aging protocol had no statistically significant effect on SG or GR (p = 0.25) from baseline to the final readings. G-ænial-MA presented the lowest color difference (ΔE = 1.8), and G-ænial-CA and Filtek-CA had the largest changes (ΔE = 8.6 and ΔE = 11.8, respectively). Conclusion: G-ænial presented higher SG values and better CS. Both restorative materials demonstrated acceptable GR and CS. Aging protocols impacted these properties negatively.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.102-107
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• 2006

연구목적 : 본 연구는 메스암페타민 의존자의 우울감 정도를 알아보고, 이들의 우울감이 메스암페타민 사용행태와 관련이 있는지 알아보기 위해 실시되었다. 방법: 메스암페타민 의존자 43명과 대조군 40명을 대상으로 메스암페타민 사용행태를 조사하였고, Beck 우울척도(Beck Depression Inventory, BDI)를 이용하여 우울감에 대해 알아보았다. 결과: 메스암페타민 군의 평균 BDI 점수는$14.1{\pm}7.7$점으로 대조군의 $7.3{\pm}5.7$점에 비해 유의하게 높았다(t=4.04, df=65, p<0.001). 의미있는 우울감을 호소하는 이의 비율도 대조군(경도-중등도 : 22.6%, 중등도-중증 : 3.2%)에 비해 메스암페타민 의존자(경도-중등도 : 38.9% : 중등도-중증 : 27.8%)에서 더욱 컸다(p=0.001). 성별, 연령, 음주량과 흡연량을 보정한 후에도 메스암페타민 의존자에서 우울감을 호소하는 이가 더 많았다. (OR=300.7, p=0.012). 메스암페타민 의존자의 BDI점수는 메스암페타민 단약기간과 유의한 음의 상관관계를 보였지만(r=-0.35, n=36, p=0.042), 메스암페타민 사용 용량이나 사용 기간과는 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다(r=-0.08, n=36, p=0.677 ; r=-0.08, n=36, p=0.658). 결론: 메스암페타민 의존자는 대조군에 비해 우울감이 심하며 의미있는 우울감을 보고하는 경우도 더 흔하였다. 메스암페타민 의존자의 우울감은 메스암페타민 사용 정도와는 관련이 없었으나, 장기간의 단약을 통해 감소할 가능성이 시사되었다.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.743-776
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• 2012

본 연구는 메타분석을 기반으로 한 편익이전 방법과 자료 수집을 위하여 지리정보시스템(GIS: geographic information system)을 활용하여 쓰레기 매립지 선택을 위한 7개 후보지들의 사회적 비용을 추정하였다. 그리고 MA-1, MA-2, 직접편익전달 방법을 타당성(validity), 신뢰성(reliability) 관점에서 검토해 보았다. 타당성(validity)은 메타분석을 기반으로 한 편익이전에 의한 추정치와 원래의 값의 차이의 여부를 통계적으로 검정하는 것이고 신뢰성(reliability)은 추정치와 원래의 값의 % 차이의 절대값을 이용해서 유사성을 검토하는 것이다. 연구 결과는 쓰레기 매립지 선택을 위한 후보지들의 사회적 비용이 직접 비용에 비해서 상당히 크고 주변지역의 경제적 특성에 의해 큰 영향을 받을 수 있음을 보여준다. 그리고 타당성과 신뢰성의 기준으로 메타모형들은 직접적 편익이전에 비해서 선호된다는 것을 보여준다. 메타분석을 기본으로 한 편익이전 방법은 시간, 비용, 혹은 자료부족 때문에 직접적인 방법을 활용하기 어려운 경우 하나의 대안이 될 수 있다. GIS는 각 후보지의 특정 지역 내 자료를 수집하는 데 도움을 줄 수 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.687-694
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• 2017

Plumbagin, a hydroxy 1,4-naphthoquinone compound from plant metabolites, exhibits anticancer, antibacterial, and antifungal activities via modulating various signaling molecules. However, its effects on vascular functions are rarely studied except in pulmonary and coronary arteries where NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibition was suggested as a mechanism. Here we investigate the effects of plumbagin on the contractility of skeletal artery (deep femoral artery, DFA), mesenteric artery (MA) and renal artery (RA) in rats. Although plumbagin alone had no effect on the isometric tone of DFA, $1{\mu}M$ phenylephrine (PhE)-induced partial contraction was largely augmented by plumbagin (${\Delta}T_{Plum}$, 125% of 80 mM KCl-induced contraction at $1{\mu}M$). With relatively higher concentrations (>$5{\mu}M$), plumbagin induced a transient contraction followed by tonic relaxation of DFA. Similar biphasic augmentation of the PhE-induced contraction was observed in MA and RA. VAS2870 and GKT137831, specific NOX4 inhibitors, neither mimicked nor inhibited ${\Delta}T_{Plum}$ in DFA. Also, pretreatment with tiron or catalase did not affect ${\Delta}T_{Plum}$ of DFA. Under the inhibition of PhE-contraction with L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channel blocker (nifedipine, $1{\mu}M$), plumbagin still induced tonic contraction, suggesting $Ca^{2+}$-sensitization mechanism of smooth muscle. Although ${\Delta}T_{Plum}$ was consistently observed under pretreatment with Rho A-kinase inhibitor (Y27632, $1{\mu}M$), a PKC inhibitor (GF 109203X, $10{\mu}M$) largely suppressed ${\Delta}T_{Plum}$. Taken together, it is suggested that plumbagin facilitates the PKC activation in the presence of vasoactive agonists in skeletal arteries. The biphasic contractile effects on the systemic arteries should be considered in the pharmacological studies of plumbagin and 1,4-naphthoquinones.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.1245-1246
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• 2009

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권10호
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• pp.3133-3136
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• 2013

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2020년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.116-116
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• 2020