• 대한약침학회지
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• 제10권1호통권22호
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• pp.121-135
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• 2007

Objectives : This study was carried out to examine protective effect of wild ginseng extract on HepG2 human hepatoma cell line against tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced oxidative damage. Methods : To evaluate protective effect of wild ginseng extract against t-BHP induced cytotoxicity, LDH level and activity of glutathione peroxidase and reductase were measured. Gene expression was also measured using DNA microarray. Results : Wild ginseng extract showed a significant protective effect against t-BHP-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cell line. It is not, however, related with the activities of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. Analysis of gene expression using DNA chip, demonstrated that 28 genes were up-regulated in t-BHP only group. Five genes - selenoprotein P, glutathione peroxidase 3, sirtuin 2, peroxiredoxin 2, serfiredoxin 1 homolog - may be related with the protective effect of wild ginseng extract. Conclusions : Based on the results, a protective effect of wild ginseng extract against t-BHP-induced oxidative damage in HepG2 cell line is not associated with the activities of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase, but with the expression of selenoprotein P, glutathione peroxidase 3, sirtuin 2, peroxiredoxin 2, and serfiredoxin 1 homolog.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.134-137
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• 2006

Four lignan compounds including gomisin J (1), schizandrin (2), gomisin A (3), and angeloyl gomisin H (4) have been isolated from the MeOH extract of Schizandra chinensis fruits. The evaluation for protective effect of compounds 1-4 against tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced cytotoxicity in hippocampal HT22 cell line was conducted. Compound 1 showed significant protective effect with an $EC_{50}$ value of $43.3{\pm}2.3\;{\mu}M$, whereas compounds 2-4 were inactive. Trolox, one of the well-known antioxidant, used as a positive control, and also showed protective effect with an $EC_{50}$ value of $213.8{\pm}8.4\;{\mu}M$. These results suggest that compound 1 may possess the neuroprotective activity against oxidant-induced cellular injuries.

• BMB Reports
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• 제46권10호
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• pp.513-518
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• 2013

We investigated the protective effects of Gymnaster koraiensis against oxidative stress-induced hepatic cell damage. We used two different cytotoxicity models, i.e., the administration of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) and acetaminophen, in HepG2 cells to evaluate the protective effects of G. koraiensis. The ethyl acetate (EA) fraction of G. koraiensis and its major compound, 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (DCQA), exerted protective effects in the t-BHP-induced liver cytotoxicity model. The EA fraction and DCQA ameliorated t-BHP-induced reductions in GSH levels and exhibited free radical scavenging activity. The EA fraction and DCQA also significantly reduced t-BHP-induced DNA damage in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, the hexane fraction of G. koraiensis and its major compound, gymnasterkoreayne B (GKB), exerted strong hepatoprotection in the acetaminophen-induced cytotoxicity model. CYP 3A4 enzyme activity was strongly inhibited by the extract, hexane fraction, and GKB. The hexane fraction and GKB ameliorated acetaminophen-induced reductions in GSH levels and protected against cell death.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표대회
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• pp.52-60
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• 2005

본 연구의 목적은 양파추출물의 간보호 및 항산화 효과를 조사하기 위함이다. 간 손상을 유발시키는 t-BHP (1.5mM) 존재하에 간세포를 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 및 0.3 mg/ml의 다양한 농도의 양파추출물로 1시간 동안 일차배양하였다. 간세포 독성과 생존율은 배양액의 GOT와 LDH 활성 및 MTT 값으로 결정하였고, 지질과산화는 TBARS 농도로 측정하였다. 항산화에 미치는 효과는 catalase, GSH-Px, GSH-Rd 활성 및 DNA strand breaking assay로 결정하였다. t-BHP는 GOT와 LDH 활성 및 TBARS 농도를 증가시켰으며 MTT값은 감소시켰다. 0.05 mg/ml 이상 농도의 양파추출물 첨가는 1.5 mM 농도의 t-BHP에 의해 증가된 GOT 및 LDH 활성을 감소시켰으며 0.01 mg/ml 이상 농도의 양파추출물은 t-BHP에 의해 감소된 MTT 값을 증가시켰다. 또한 0.01 mg/ml 이상 농도의 양파추출물 첨가는 t-BHP에 의해 증가된 TBARS 농도를 감소시켜 양파추출물이 t-BHP에 의해 유발된 간손상과 지질과산화를 억제시켰다. 1시간 동안 1.5 mM 농도의 t-BHP 처리는 간세포의 catalase, GSH-Px 및 GSH-Rd 활성을 현저히 감소시켰다. 그러나 0.01 mg/ml 이상 농도의 양파추출물 첨가는 t-BHP에 의해 감소된 catalase, GSH-Px 및 GSH-Rd 활성을 증가시켰으며 특히 catalase 활성은 t-BHP 무첨가군 수준까지 증가시켰다. 또한 hydroxyl radical을 생성하는 Fenton 시약의 존재하에 plasmid DNA를 양파추출물과 함께 배양하였을 때양파추출물은 농도 의존적으로 hydroxyl radical에 의해 유도된 single-strand 절단을 억제하였다. 이상과 같이 간세포 일차배양에서 양파추출물은 t-BHP에 의해 유발된 간독성, 간세포 생존율 감소, 지질과산화를 농도 의존적으로 억제시켰고 또한 t-BHP에 의해 억제된 GSH-Px, GSH-Rd 및 catalase의 활성을 증가시켰다. 이와 같이 양파추출물의 간보호 및 항산화 효과는 항산화 효소, 특히 catalase의 활성 증가와 hydroxyl radical에 의해 유도된 산화억제 및 이에 따른 지질과산화 억제에 기인하는 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.887-890
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• 2005

To evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of lactic acid bacteria, their effects on tert-butylperoxide (t-BHP)-induced hepatotoxicity in mice were measured. When lactic acid bacteria at doses of 0.5 and 2 g (wet weight)/kg were orally administered to mice with t-BHP-induced liver injury, these bacteria significantly inhibited the increase of plasma alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities by $17-57\%$ and $57-66\%$ of the t-BHP control group, respectively. However, these lactic acid bacteria did not protect cytotoxicity induced by t-BHP against HepG2 cells. The inhibitory effects of these lactic acid bacteria at a dose of 15 g/kg were comparable with that of diphenyl dimethyl bicarboxylate at a dose of 0.2 g/kg, which has been used as a commercial hepatoprotective agent. Among these lactic acid Jacteria, Bifidobacterium longum HY8001 exhibited the most potent hepatoprotective effect. These orally administered lactic acid bacteria inhibited liver lipid peroxidation on t-BHP-induced hepatotoxicity of mice. We suggest that lactic acid bacteria may be an effective agent against liver injury.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.165-171
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• 2010

산화적 스트레스로부터 참다래 과실 추출물의 신경세포 보호효과에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 신경세포주인 PC12 세포를 이용하여 참다래 과실추출물의 전처리가 산화적 손상으로부터 유발되는 신경세포사멸을 억제할 수 있는지 조사하였다. t-BHP에 의해 유도된 신경세포손상으로부터 세포사멸을 억제하여 세포생존도를 증가시켰으며 세포사멸로부터 형성되는 핵의 농축현상과 단편화가 현저히 감소함을 확인 할 수 있었다. 그리고 Bcl-2 단백의 발현 증가, Bax 단백의 발현 감소, caspase-3의 활성, PARP 분해 단백(85KDa)감소, ERK, p38 활성을 감소시켰다. 따라서 참다래 과실의 추출물은 신경세포증식효과를 통해 신경세포손상으로부터 유발되는 다양한 퇴행성 뇌질환의 예방에 도움이 될 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.470-478
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• 2005

본 연구의 목적은 양파추출물의 간보호 및 항산화 효과를 조사하기 위함이다. 간 손상을 유발시키는 t-BHP (1.5 mM) 존재하에 간세포를 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 및 0.3 mg/ml의 다양한 농도의 양파추출물로 1시간 동안 일차배양하였다. t-BHP는 GOT와 LDH 활성 및 TBARS 농도를 증가시켰으며 MTT값은 감소시켰다. 0.05 mg/ml 농도의 양파추출물 첨가는 t-BHP에 의해 증가된 GOT 및 LDH 활성을 감소시켰으며 0.1 mg/ml 농도의 양파추출물은 t-BHP에 의해 감소된 MTT 값을 증가시켰다. 또한 0.01 mg/ml 농도의 양파추출물 첨가는 t-BHP에 의해 증가된 TBARS 농도를 감소시켜 양파추출물이 t-BHP에 의해 유발된 간손상과 지질과산화를 억제시켰다. t-BHP 처리는 간세포의 catalase, GSH-Px 및 GSH-Rd 활성을 현저히 감소시켰다. 그러나 0.1 mg/ml 농도의 양파추출물 첨가는 t-BHP에 의해 감소된 catalase GSH-Px 및 GSH-Rd 활성을 증가시켰으며 특히 catalase 활성은 t-BHP 무첨가군 수준까지 증가시켰다. 또한 hydroxyl radical을 생성하는 Fenton 시약의 존재하에 plasmid DNA를 양파추출물과 함께 배양한 결과 양파추출물은 농도 의존적으로 hydroxyl radical에 의해 유도된 single-strand 절단을 억제하였다. 이상과 같이 간세포 일차배양에서 양파추출물은 t-BHP에 의해 유발된 간독성, 간세포 생존율 감소, 지질과산화를 농도 의존적으로 억제시켰고 또한 t-BHP에 의해 억제된 GSH-Px, GSH-Rd 및 catalase의 활성을 증가시켰다. 이와 같이 양파추출물의 간보호 및 항산화 효과는 항산화 효소 특히 catalase의 활성 증가와 hydroxyl radical에 의해 유도된 산화억제 및 이에 따른 지질과산화 억제에 기인하는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.107-115
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• 2017

동물실험에서 실크단백질 산 가수분해물을 투여하고 t-BHP투여한 군의 혈액 생화학적 검사 결과 t-BHP만 투여한 군과 비교하였을 때 AST, ALT 그리고 LDH가 실크단백질 산 가수분해물의 투여 농도가 높아질수록 수치가 감소하는 것으로 나타났고 세포가 손상할 시에 증가하는 MDA를 간 조직을 대상으로 측정한 결과 실크단백질 산 가수분해물의 농도가 높아질수록 수치가 대조군과 유사한 정도로 감소하는 것으로 보아 간 손상에 관여하는 효소의 누출 억제효과가 있는 것으로 사료된다. HPLC로 간 조직에서의 GSH 측정결과 t-BHP만 투여한 군과 비교하였을 때 유의적으로 증가하였고 조직학적 검사 결과 t-BHP만 투여한 군과 비교하였을 때 실크단백질 산 가수분해물을 투여한 군이 대조군과 가까운 모습을 보이는 것으로 관찰되어 실크단백질 산 가수분해물이 산화적 스트레스로부터의 간 보호 효과가 있는 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 실크단백질 산 가수분해물의 기능적 소재로서의 이용가능성이 확대될 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.550-558
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• 2017

The purpose of current study is to investigate the beneficial effect of enzyme (Alcalase) hydrolysates of silk protein in rat. Alcalase-treated silk protein hydrolysate (ATSH) itself did not show any cytotoxicity on the hepatic tissues and blood biochemistry, similar to the normal condition. ATSH played a protective role in tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced hepatotoxicity and liver damage. The values of AST (aspartate aminotransferase) and ALT (alanine aminotransferase), which are the indicators of the liver function, were effectively alleviated with the ATSH treatment in a dose dependent manner. The level of Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Malondialdehyde (MDA), which were increased with t-BHP treatment, were significantly reduced by ATSH. High dose of ATSH (2 g/kg) reduced the t-BHP-induced LDH release by 48%. Antioxidant and antioxidant enzymes in liver cells were significantly increased by ATSH treatment in their level and activities. ATSH (2 g/kg) increased glutathione (GSH), an intracelluar antioxidant, by 2.5-fold compared with the t-BHP treated group. The activities of glutathione-s-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase were also elevated by 38%, 60%, and 45%, respectively, with ATSH (2 g/kg) treatment. The antioxidative effect of ATSH was recapitulated to the protection from t-BHP induced liver damages in hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Thus, ATSH might be used as a hepatoprotective agent.

• 환경생물
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.230-236
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• 2009

An extract of Allomyrina dichotoma larva (ADL), one of the insects used most frequently in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of liver diseases such as hepatocirrhosis and hepatofibrosis, was assessed for antioxidant bioactivity in this study. In the current work, we have investigated the protective effects of ADL extracts on tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced hepatotoxicity in cultured hepa1c1c7 cells and in the mouse liver. The treatment of the hepa1c1c7 cells with ADL extracts induced a significant reduction of t-BHP-induced oxidative injuries, as determined by cell cytotoxicity, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and reactive oxygen species contents, in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, ADL extracts evidenced a protective effect against t-BHPinduced oxidative DNA damage, as revealed by the results of the Comet assay in hepa1c1c7 cells. ADL extracts also protected against hydroxyl radical-induced 2-deoxy-d-ribose degradation by ferric ion-nitrilotriacetic acid and $H_2O_2$. In addition, ADL extracts were shown to be able to quench 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals. Our in vivo study revealed that ADL extracts pretreatment applied prior to t-BHP administration significantly prevented an increase in the serum levels of hepatic enzyme markers and reduced LPO in the mouse liver in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, these results suggest that the protective effects of ADL extracts against t-BHP-induced hepatotoxicity may be attributable, at least in part, to its ability to scavenge free oxygen radicals, and to protect against DNA damage due to oxidative stress.