• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.554-558
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• 2015

Drug delivery systems (DDSs) incorporating bacterial minicells have been evaluated as a very powerful tool in view of biocompatibility. However, limited studies have been carried out on these systems, mainly using minicells from Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli. Thus, we generated a new minicell-producing strain from an endotoxin-free Corynebacterium glutamicum by the inactivation of genes related to cell division. The two knockout strains, ${\Delta}parA$ and ${\Delta}ncgl1366$, showed distinct abilities to produce minicells. The resulting minicells were purified via sequential antibiotic treatments and centrifugations, which resulted in reproducible yields.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.194-194
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• 2004

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.396-396
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• 2005

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.126-132
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• 2012

A cellulose-degrading composite microbial system containing a mixture of microbes was previously shown to demonstrate a high straw-degrading capacity. To estimate its potential utilization as an inoculant to accelerate straw biodegradation after returning straw to the field, two cellulose-degrading composite microbial systems named ADS3 and WSD5 were inoculated into wheat straw-amended soil in the laboratory. The microbial survival of the inoculant was confirmed by a denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis, whereas the enhancement of straw degradation in soil was assessed by measuring the mineralization of the soil organic matter and the soil cellulase activity. The results indicated that most of the DGGE bands from ADS3 were detected after inoculation into straw-amended autoclaved soil, yet only certain bands from ADS3 and WSD5 were detected after inoculation into straw-amended non-autoclaved soil during five weeks of incubation; some bands were detected during the first two weeks after inoculation, and then disappeared in later stages. Organic matter mineralization was significantly higher in the soil inoculants ADS3 and WSD5 than in the uninoculated controls during the first week, yet the enhanced degradation did not persist during the subsequent incubation. Similar to the increase in soil organic matter, the cellulase activity also increased during the first week in the ADS3 and WSD5 treatments, yet decreased during the remainder of the incubation period. Thus, it was concluded that, although the survival and performance of the two inoculants did not persist in the soil, a significant enhancement of degradation was present during the early stage of incubation.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.211-218
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• 2014

Polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) are a group of polymethoxylated bioactive flavones with diverse biological activities, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral activities. PMFs are found from various plants such as orange, tangerine, and krachaidum. To establish the simple quantitative analytical methods for PMFs, chromatographic analysis was applied to the selected krachaidum foods because krachaidum contains diverse PMFs compared to other PMF-containing foods. Krachaidum is the rhizome of Kaempferia parviflora, and many commercial krachaidum products, such as tea, juice and wine, are commercially available and consumed as health functional foods in Asian countries. Apart from the claimed health promoting benefits, reliable quality assurance and legal guideline for the registration of these products are not available yet. Twelve PMFs were analyzed from the commercial krachaidum foods by GC-FID and HPLC-DAD. No single chromatographic method could not analyze 12 PMFs simultaneously. HPLC-DAD method was found more sensitive to detect PMFs. Based on our analysis data, we proposed 5,7-dimethoxyflaone and 5,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone as index components for the food products.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.12-16
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• 2004

Partitioning of human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) was achieved in the aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs) using a crude extract of transgenic tobacco cell suspension culture. This study examined the effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecular weight and concentration and the effects of sodium phosphate concentration in different PEG/sodium phosphate systems on the partition coefficient, K. The best ATPS system was 5% PEG 8,000/1.6 M sodium phosphate after 2 h of incubation at room temperature. In this system, hGM-CSF was partitioned in the PEG-rich phase with a yield of 57.99% and K$\_$hGM-CSF/ of 8.12. In another system, 3% PEG 10,000/1.6 M sodium phosphate, hGM-CSF was also partitioned primarily in the top phase with a yield of 45.66% and K$\_$hGM-CSF/ of 7.64 after 2 h of incubation at room temperature.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.39 no.8
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• pp.581-586
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• 2016

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins are essential to increase the functional diversity of the proteome. By adding chemical groups to proteins, or degrading entire proteins by phosphorylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination, neddylation, acetylation, lipidation, and proteolysis, the complexity of the proteome increases, and this then influences most biological processes. Although small RNAs are crucial regulatory elements for gene expression in most eukaryotes, PTMs of small RNA microprocessor and RNA silencing components have not been extensively investigated in plants. To date, several studies have shown that the proteolytic regulation of AGOs is important for host-pathogen interactions. DRB4 is regulated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and the degradation of HYL1 is modulated by a de-etiolation repressor, COP1, and an unknown cytoplasmic protease. Here, we discuss current findings on the PTMs of microprocessor and RNA silencing components in plants.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.388-390
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• 2016

Pedobacter sp. PAMC 27299 with humic acid cultivated on low temperature was isolated from the moss debris on the coast of the Barton Peninsula of King George Island of the maritime Antarctic region. Here, we present the complete genome sequence of Pedobacter sp. PAMC 27299, which contains 6,147,290 bp with a G+C content of 40.54%. PAMC 27299 may possess cold-adapted humic acid degradation enzymes with implication on global warming.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.375-381
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• 2014

Transgenic potato was generated to express recombinant 5 repeated ${\beta}$-amyloid ($A{\beta}$) peptides, potential antigens to be applied as a preventive accine for Alzheimer's disease using Agrobacterium mediated transformation. The $A{\beta}$ peptides were fused to the human IgG Fc fragment enhancing protein and KDEL, which is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal ($5A{\beta}$-FcK). The $5A{\beta}$-FcK, was expressed under the control of the duplicated 35S promoter. PCR analysis confirmed the presence of the transgene in several transgenic potato lines. Southern blot analysis showed only a single gene copy number in transgenic line 22, whereas multiple gene copy numbers were shown for transgenic lines 31 and 44. Northern blot analysis showed that line 22 had stronger mRNA levels when compared to lines 31 and 44. Immunoblot analysis confirmed that the $5A{\beta}$-FcK protein was expressed in the transgenic potato plant. These results indicate that $5A{\beta}$ fused to Fc can be expressed in potato plants.

• BMB Reports
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.56-63
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• 2020

The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy are two major degradative pathways of proteins in eukaryotic cells. As about 30% of newly synthesized proteins are known to be misfolded under normal cell conditions, the precise and timely operation of the UPS and autophagy to remove them as well as their tightly controlled regulation, is so important for proper cell function and survival. In the UPS, target proteins are labeled by small proteins called ubiquitin, which are then transported to the proteasome complex for degradation. Alternatively, many greatly damaged proteins are believed to be delivered to the lysosome for autophagic degradation. Although these autophagy and UPS pathways have not been considered to be directly related, many recent studies proposed their close link and dynamic interconversion. In this review, we'll focus on the several regulatory molecules that function in both UPS and autophagy and their crosstalk. Among the proposed multiple modulators, we will take a closer look at the so-called main connector of UPS-autophagy regulation, p62. Last, the functional role of p62 in the mitophagy and its implication for the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease, one of the major neurodegenerative diseases, will be briefly reviewed.