• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.4310-4330
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• 2020

With the continuous emergence of new applications and cyberattacks and their frequent updates, the need for automatic protocol reverse engineering is gaining recognition. Although several methods for automatic protocol reverse engineering have been proposed, each method still faces major limitations in extracting clear specifications and in its universal application. In order to overcome such limitations, we propose an automatic protocol reverse engineering method using a two-pathway model based on a contiguous sequential pattern (CSP) algorithm. By using this model, the method can infer both command-oriented protocols and non-command-oriented protocols clearly and in detail. The proposed method infers all the key elements of the protocol, which are syntax, semantics, and finite state machine (FSM), and extracts clear syntax by defining fine-grained field types and three types of format: field format, message format, and flow format. We evaluated the efficacy of the proposed method over two non-command-oriented protocols and three command-oriented protocols: the former are HTTP and DNS, and the latter are FTP, SMTP, and POP3. The experimental results show that this method can reverse engineer with high coverage and correctness rates, more than 98.5% and 99.1% respectively, and be general for both command-oriented and non-command-oriented protocols.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1207-1212
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• 2009

Basic objective in cluster analysis is to discover natural groupings of items or variables. In general, clustering is conducted based on some similarity (or dissimilarity) matrix or the original input text data. Various measures of similarities (or dissimilarities) between objects (or variables) are developed. We introduce a real application problem of clustering procedure in SPSS when the distance matrix of the objects (or variables) is only given as an input data. It will be very helpful for the cluster analysis of huge data set which leads the size of the proximity matrix greater than 1000, particularly. Syntax command for matrix input data in SPSS for clustering is given with numerical examples.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• no.4
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• pp.179-206
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• 1998

Despite the fact that the phenomenal success of the classical model in phonology in terms of a small set of binary atomic primitives has encouraged the use of criterical features in the characterization of syntactic and semantic categories, cognitive linguists have recently found many evidences against it and proposed a valid alternative like prototype approach to classical model of linguistic categorization. In this paper the examples with prototype effects are shown in phonology, morphology, and syntax. In phonology there is no clear-cut borderline in initial sounds such as / r, m, n, v, ${\eth}$, z, w. j, b. d, g / and between vowels and consonants. In morphology family resemblance is shown between strong verbs and past tenses. In syntax there is no borderline among various kinds of sentences such as declarative, command, WH-question, yes-no question, etc.

• Language and Information
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1-20
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• 2006

This paper is concerned with the distribution and interpretation of yekan and its cognates. Syntactically they require negation, but semantically the sentences in which they occur are positive ones that make monotone increasing inferences possible. This syntax-semantics discrepancy can be best accounted for by showing that yekan and its cousins must be strictly c-commanded by metalinguistic negation at the surface structure and that the positive meaning of the sentences they are part of is derived from the cancellation of the pragmatic upper-bounding implicatum associated with them. These also enable us to explain why they do not occur in the environments where typical NPIs do and why only certain forms of negation license them.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.21-28
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• 2018

As computer performance and needs of user convenience increase, computer user interface are also changing. This changes had great effects on software development environment. In past, text editors like vi or emacs on UNIX OS were the main development environment. These editors are very strong to edit source code, but difficult and not intuitive compared to GUI(Graphical User Interface) based environment and were used by only some experts. Moreover, the trends of software development environment was changed from command line to GUI environment and GUI Editor provides usability and efficiency. As a result, the usage of text based editor had decreased. However, because GUI based editor use a lot of computer resources, computer performance and efficiency are decreasing. The more contents are, the more time to verify and display the contents it takes. In this paper, we provide a new parser that provide multi view editing, incremental parsing and multiple entry of abstract syntax tree.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.1866-1867
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 전투기 조종석에서의 음성인식 기술 적용과 관련하여 전투기 음성인식 시스템의 개요, 역사, 구성 및 실제 사용되고 있는 음성명령어(Command Syntax)에 대하여 알아보고, 전투기에 적용되고 있는 음성인식 시스템의 발전 추세를 분석한다.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.395-399
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• 2019

In order to support various parallel computing systems, it is necessary to extend LLVM IR to more efficiently support vector / matrix and to design LLVM IR to machine code as a new algorithm. As shown in the IR example, RISC instruction generation is naturally generated because the RISC instruction is basically composed of the RISC instruction, and the vector instruction is also not supported. There is a need for new IR structures, command generation algorithms and related extensions to support vector / matrix more robustly. To do this, it is important to map each instruction in the LLVM IR to the appropriate instruction in the target architecture (vector / matrix) (instruction selection algorithm). It is necessary to understand the meaning of LLVM IR command, to compare the meaning of each instruction of the target architecture with syntax, and to select the instruction that matches the pattern to make mapping efficient.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.390-399
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• 2004

In this paper, we design and implement a multiple-view VoiceXML editor to improve editing efficiency of the VoiceXML. The VoiceXML multiple-view Editor uses a MVC framework to support multiple views and paradigm. Our multiple-view editor consists of Model. View and Controller using MVC framework. A model, core data structure. is constructed of abstract syntax tree and abstract grammar. A view. user interface. is formalized in unparsing rules and unparser. A controller. to control model and view. is made of command interpreter and tree handler. The VoiceXML multiple-view editor overcomes a drawbacks of existing XML editors by showing document structure and context concurrently. as well as document flows. Our VoiceXML multiple-view editor. which MVC framework has been applied, provides various editing views concurrently to users. Thereby. it supports efficient and convenient editing environments for voice-web documents to users and it guarantees transparency of editors. as various views have a same consistent model.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.41 no.12
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• pp.1011-1017
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• 2013

The human voice is the most natural means of communication. The need for speech recognition technology is increasing gradually to increase the ease of human and machine interface. The function of the avionics equipment is getting various and complicated in consequence of the growth of digital technology development, so that the load of pilots in the fighter aircraft must become increased since they don't concentrate only the attack function, but also operate the complicated avionics equipments. Accordingly, if speech recognition technology is applied to the aircraft cockpit as regards the operating the avionics equipments, pilots can spend their time and effort on the mission of fighter aircraft. In this paper, the cockpit voice command system applicable to the fighter aircraft has been developed and the function and the performance of the system verified.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.453-464
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• 2011

We used SAS program in statistics class as a plan to increase effect of class. Because lease cost of SAS program is high and low-level students felt difficulty of the syntax of SAS program, I planned to introduce other instruction-software. We observe whether it's O.K. to use Excel instead of SAS program and Excel is helpful in having positive attitudes. We try to compare and analyze the merits of two programs. The purpose of this study is to apply Excel to statistics class, cut down the cost of instruction-software, and make students understand statistics more conveniently and easily.