• Journal of Species Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.15-54
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• 2013

Surveys on Jeju-do (Quelpart Isl.) unearthed about 40 earthworm species or sub-species. Several considered new to science are described. Only a dozen were previously known and these are taxonomically reviewed. The two most commonly recorded in surveys by S. Kobayashi in the 1930s were Drawida anchingiana Chen, 1933 and Metaphire quelparta (Kobayashi, 1937), neither recently relocated. Morphologically similar taxa, supported with DNA barcodes, for Moniligastridae, are Drawida anchingiana seogwipo, D. anchingiana halla and D. iucn spp. or sub-spp. nov. For Megascolecidae, new taxa and synonyms are: Amynthas arx and A. aucklandis spp. nov. that have seminal grooves rather than the eversible male pores of Metaphire plus Amynthas simplex is another new species. Amynthas sangumburi Hong & Kim, 2002 is recognized as a probable new synonym within the A. corticis (Kinberg, 1867) species-group while Amynthas corticis saeseum sub-sp nov. is described. Amynthas gracilis (Kinberg, 1867) is a new record from Jeju and Korea (with A. bouchei, A. omodeoi and A. edwardsi all by Zhao & Qiu, 2009 possible synonyms of this species group from China) with a Jejuan sub-species, A. gracilis insularum, sub-sp. nov. Presence on Jeju of Amynthas carnosus (Goto & Hatai, 1899) is confirmed (its further new synonyms are Chinese A. fuscus Qiu & Sun, 2012 and A. taiwumontis Shen et al., 2013), as is A. micronarius (Goto & Hatai, 1898) (with new synonym A. montanus Qiu & Sun, 2012 also an invalid secondary homonym). Amynthas phaselus maculosus (Hatai, 1930) is in new combination with A. kamitai (Kobayashi, 1934) and A. minjae Hong, 2001 syns. nov. Two newly described Metaphire quelparta sub-spp are M. q. seogwipo and M. q. valhalla these being supported with DNA barcodes despite the nominal taxon not yet being confirmed.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.29-36
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• 2021

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to fix the synonyms, origin, formation mechanism, description, and efficacy of Hwangnapchim in Elucidation of Materia Medica. Methods : Through searching histories and herbal classics, We categorized the contents, and compared with Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum. Results : The synonyms of Hwangnapchim were classified by 3 categories : Napchimhyang-type, Ganamhyang-type and Ginamhyang-type. In early period, it was called by Napchimhyang-type, named after its description that was similar to beeswax. Afterward it was called by Ganamhyang-type or Ginamhyang-type, because of the name "Kynam" that was called by in its producing region. And there were records of producing region of Vietnam, Cambodia, and being from abroad, while those of Vietnam were most frequent. According to custom duties of Ming Dynasty, Hwangnapchim was 17.5 times as expensive as Agarwood. Hwangnapchim shared main producing region, original plant, and process of formation with Agarwood. Therefore, its original plant was Aquilaria crassna, but added honey during formation process. Hwangnapchim was classified 5 types according to its description, the highest quality was Yu-gyeol, resembled beeswax, and easily recovered if get a scar. Hwangnapchim had a fragrance at room temperature, a spicy flavor, and the efficacy of blocking urine and feces. Conclusions : These results showed that Vietnam was major producing area of Hwangnapchim, and that it shared same origin with Agarwood, but it had different description, efficacy, and higher prices because of being added honey during formation.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.61-68
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• 2013

Objectives : A precise and simple system of nomenclature was required to avoid error, ambiguity or confusion. Although medicinal plants must be produced or distributed based on a pharmacopoeia described origin including scientific name, the Korean Pharmacopoeia tenth edition (KP 10) had many names against the nomenclature. Therefore, this study aimed at searching correct scientific names for 241 plants in KP 10. Methods : Authoritative databases - The Plant List, International Plant Name Index, YList, Tropicos, eFloras, World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, The Global Compositae Checklist, The International Legume Database and Information Service, et al. - and previously performed researches, floras were cross-checked. Results : The arrangement of this list was designed for four cases, errors including illegitimate, nomenclatural synonyms, recommended names and decision reserved names. Consideration about the scientific names produced nine correct names for ten misspellings and illegitimate, and thirty-six correct names for forty-one nomenclatural synonyms. These results should be reflected in the next of KP 10. Separately, ten recommended names were also suggested for taxonomic synonyms which had been used indiscriminately due to diverse taxonomic opinions. In addition to those, decision reserved names were suggested for thirteen species which had been corridor of uncertainty. Then again, there was need to study about authorship, because KP 10 did not keep recommendations for author citations. Conclusions : Correction of scientific names for some medicinal plants which violated the International Code of Nomenclature would be useful to improve the accuracy of a Pharmacopoeia as the criterional materials.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.237-257
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• 2020

In this paper, we classify the mathematical terms in Korean Standard Unabridged Dictionary into four groups; ① group 1 consists of the terms which coincide with the mathematical terms in the 2015 Editing Material, ② group 2 consists of the terms which are synonyms or old terms or inflection forms of the mathematical terms in the Editing Material, ③ group 3 consists of the terms which do not belong to group 1 or group 2, but relate to the elementary or secondary school mathematics, ④ group 4 consists of the terms which do not relate to the elementary or secondary school mathematics. And then we make a comparative study with the mathematical terms in the Editing Material. In this study, we find out the mathematical terms in the Editing Material, but not in Korean Standard Unabridged Dictionary. And by using synonyms and old terms of the mathematical terms in the Editing Material we guess the rough tendency which terms belong to the Editing Material. By investigating the terms in group 3 and 4, we find out the mathematical terms which may belong to the Editing Material. We also find out the wrong or inconsistent explanations in Korean Standard Unabridged Dictionary.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.255-262
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• 2007

Collaborative tagging describes the process by which many users add metadata in the form of keywords to shared content. Recently, collaborative tagging has grown in popularity on the web, on sites that allow users to tag bookmarks, photographs, videos and other content. In this paper, we analyze the structure and basic knowledge of collaborative tagging systems as well as their dynamical aspects. We also present a retrieval system, TagPlus, using synonym tag that is derived from WordNet database. Specifically, TagPlus, a synonym tag based system has users retrieve images from Flickr system. The proposed system show the images tagged by not only the tag that users input but also the synonyms that are synonyms with the tag.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2012

Japanese/Korean Amynthas carnosus (Goto & Hatai, 1899) is redescribed from a newly designated Neotype (Tokyo NSMT An435). An annotated synonymy is presented that nominally includes: kyamikia Kobayashi, 1934, monstrifera Kobayashi, 1936, sangyeoli, youngtai, kimhaeiensis, sinsiensis and baemsagolensis - all Korean names by Hong & James, 2001, and Taiwanese monsoonus James et al., 2005. However, Chinese A. pingi (Stephenson 1925) (syn. fornicata Gates, 1935) is maintained separately, at least for the present, until its comprehensive review, possibly extending to DNA barcode differentiation.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.745-753
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• 1996

Taxonomic revision of the family Dasyatidae was studied on the basis of the specimens collected from the Korean coasts from June 1994 to January 1996. The family Dasyatidae of Korea was classified into 6 species in genus Dasyatis, and the key to species was proposed with their synonyms and distributions. Three new records from Korea were described and figured in detail: Dasyatis acutirostra Nishida and Nakaya, D. matsubarai Miyosi and D. sinensis (Steindachner). Most species of the Korean stingrays are shared with those of China and Japan.

• Language and Information
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.39-52
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• 2007

Noun phrase coordination is an extremely productive phenomenon. Based on an observation that conjuncts tend to denote semantically related concepts, we collect four hundred thousand pairs of conjuncts from the British National Corpus, in an attempt to build an is-a hierarchy of English noun concepts. The modifiedness patterns of the two words in these pairs point to three distinct semantic relations: sibling, cousin, and ancestor-or-ancestor' sibling. The process of finding them and how these pairs are used to motivate groups of quasi-synonyms and then to locate the hypernyms are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.803-813
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• 1994

Eight species belonging to three genera in the family Cynoglossidae of Korea are reviewed and provisional keys to species and genera are provided, with synonyms and their distribution. Among them six species collected from 1992 to 1993 are redescribed and figured in the present study; Cynoglossus interruptus, C. joyneri, C. robustus, C. semilaevis, C. abbreviatus and Paraplagusia japonica. Three species of Areliscus rhomaleus. A. trigrammus, and A. hollandi were considered as synonyms of Cynoglossus semilaevis, C. abbreviatus and C. gracilis respectively. Many tonguefishes inhabit commonly in the western and southern coast of Korea. And although Cynoglossus interruptus and C. abbreviatus are restricted only in the southern coast, C. semilaevis in the western and southwestern coast of Korea, Paraplagusia japonica occurs widely along all of the coasts of Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.343-361
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• 2013

We proposed and evaluated a tag semantic analysis method in which original tags are expanded and the semantic relations between original or expanded tags are used to extract key sentences from lecture speech transcripts. To do that, we first investigated how useful Flickr tag clusters and WordNet synonyms are for expanding tags and for detecting the semantic relations between tags. Then, to evaluate our proposed method, we compared it with a latent semantic analysis (LSA) method. As a result, we found that Flick tag clusters are more effective than WordNet synonyms and that the F measure mean (0.27) of the tag semantic analysis method is higher than that of LSA method (0.22).