• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.636-641
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is assessing the characteristics of surface aging and recovery of hydrophobicity for silicone rubber which takes a great interest as outdoor insulation recently subjected to the combined stressed of salt fog and AC power. The methods for assessing are contact angle ATR-FRIR, AFM and XRD. In addition salt fog method is adopted as the artificial contamination experiment and AC power is applied 24 hour on and 24 hour off repeatedly for 5 cycles. The results suggest that degraded surface was more rough than virgin but was restored water repellency through the off cycle. It was due to not only the formation of fractal surface but also maintenance of hydrophobic surface by diffusion of low molecular oil. Although surface recovers initial hydropohbicity there are possibilities of decreasing electrical performance due to irreversable changes such as depolymerization of surface and loss of filler particles. This fact is confirmed by surface conductivity measurement showing that the degradation is significant and the recovery of hydrophobicity is imperfect as the energized cycle increases.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제59권8호
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• pp.1497-1505
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• 2010

The present study was performed to investigate the effect of aging on muscular activity of older subjects under the condition of fixed load muscle contraction. SEMG signals were recorded from old (46 women) and young (45 women) groups performing sustained isometric elbow flexion contraction with a fixed load during 30 seconds. Linear regression and mean square error (MSE) analysis with four characteristic variables (ARV, RMS, MDF, MNF) were used to compare the age-related difference (of local muscle fatigue and fluctuation of the amplitude and frequency) in the SEMG signal. The main results can be summarized as follows: During sustained muscle contraction with a fixed load: i) the MSE values of amplitude (ARV, RMS) and frequency (MDF, MNF) variables were more than 30% higher for the young than for the old adults; ii) the measures of local muscle fatigue (slope of the MDF and MNF) indicated greater fatigue in the old; and iii) the rate of increase of the SEMG amplitude was higher for the young than the old.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.14 No.1
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• pp.258-261
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• 2001

In this paper, aging characteristics of silicone rubber used for outdoor insulation have been investigated with regards to salt fog condition and heat aging effect. We look over the change of properties of silicone rubber in salt fog chamber with average leakage current monitoring for observing the transformation of surface degradation properties of silicone rubber with different ATH(alumina trihydrate, $Al_2O_3{\cdot}3H_2O$) filler contents. Surface resistivity, SEM(Scanning Electro Microscope) were measured.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.29-50
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• 2004

A total life model was developed to assess the service life of aging aircraft. The primary focus of this paper is the development of crack growth life projection using the response surface method. Crack growth life projection is a necessary component of the total life model. The study showed that the number of load cycles N needed for a crack to propagate to a specified size can be linearly related to the geometric parameter, material, and stress level of the component considered when all the variables are transformed to logarithmic values. By the Central Limit theorem, the ln N was approximated by Gaussian distribution. This Gaussian model compared well with the histograms of the number of load cycles generated from simulated crack growth curves. The outcome of this study will aid engineers in designing their crack growth experiments to develop the stochastic crack growth models for service life assessments.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.258-261
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• 2001

In this paper, aging characteristics of silicone rubber used for outdoor insulation have been investigated with regards to salt fog condition and heat aging effect. We look over the change of properties of silicone rubber in salt fog chamber with average leakage current monitoring for observing the transformation of surface degradation properties of silicone rubber with different ATH(alumina trihydrate, Al$_2$O$_3$$.$3H$_2$O) filler contents. Surface resistivity, SEM(Scanning Electro Microscope) were measured.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 시멘트와 유사한 경화반응을 나타내어 붕괴된 비탈면의 복구공사에 사용되고 있는 표층안정재를 노후된 저수지의 보강재료로 활용하기 위해 실내시험과 모형시험, 프로그램 해석을 실시하여 보강효과를 분석하였다. 실내시험을 통해 혼합비에 따른 점착력과 내부마찰각의 변화를 분석한 결과, 표층안정재의 혼합비는 9%가 적절한 것으로 나타났다. 실내시험 결과를 토대로 혼합비 9%를 적용하여 모형시험과 프로그램 해석을 실시한 결과, 표층안정재를 사용한 경우에는 제내지 비탈면의 일부와 제체 아래에서만 물의 흐름이 발생하여 제체 내부에서 물의 흐름을 감소시킬 수 있으며, 침투유량은 약 42%, 제체 내부에서의 포화면적은 약 73% 감소시킬 수 있어 노후된 저수지의 안정성을 확보할 수 있는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.252-256
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• 2010

The study was done to change the morphology and pore size of SBA-15 silica, and the characteristics of SBA-15 silica were investigated with TG-DSC, XRD, SEM, TEM and N2 adsorption-desorption under changing aging conditions. SBA-15 silica having a 2D-hexagonal structure was synthesized and confirmed by SEM and TEM. The structure of mesoporus silica SBA-15 showed a pore having regularly formed hexagonal structure and a passage having a cylindrical shape. This result is in good agreement with the pore forming in XRD and cylindrical shape of the structure in $N_2$ adsorption-desorption isotherm. SBA-15 silica showed a large BET surface area of $603-698\;m^2/g$, a pore volume of $0.673-0.926\;cm^3/g$, a large pore diameter of 5.62-7.42 nm, and a thick pore wall of 3.31-4.37 nm. This result shows that as the aging temperature increases, the BET surface area, pore volume, and pore diameter increase but the pore wall thickness decreases. The BET surface areas in SM-2 and SM-3 are as large as $698\;m^2/g$. However, SM-2 has a large surface area and forms a thick pore wall, when the aging temperature is $100^{\circ}C$ and is synthesized into stable mesoporous SBA-15 silica.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2000

Oxygen sensors taken from the aftertreatment systems of 4 vehicles which had been aged in domestic filed were examined for aging pattern using a idle engine bench. The sensors were then cut into each layers along their components and characterized for poisoning, surface area and morphology. This study shows that amplitude and mean value of aged sensors are seriously affected by high temperature and oil components of exhaust gas.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.273-282
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• 2020

PURPOSE. To assess shear bond strengths (SBS) of resin composites on aged and non-aged prosthetic materials with various surface treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Cerasmart (CE), Vita Enamic (VE), Vita Mark II (VM), and IPS e.max CAD (EC) blocks were sliced, and rectangular-shaped specimens (14 × 12 × 1.5 mm; N = 352) were obtained. Half of the specimens were aged (5000 thermal cycles) for each material. Non-aged and aged specimens were divided into 4 groups according to the surface treatments (control, air abrasion, etching, and laser irradiation; n = 11) and processed for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The repair procedure was performed after the surface treatments. SBS values and failure types were determined. Obtained data were statistically analyzed (P≤.05). RESULTS. The material type, surface treatment type, and their interactions were found significant with regard to SBS (P<.001). Aging also had a significant effect on prosthetic material-resin composite bonding (P<.001). SBS values of non-aged specimens ranged from 12.16 to 17.91 MPa, while SBS values of aged specimens ranged from 9.46 to 15.61 MPa. Non-aged VM in combination with acid etching presented the highest score while the control group of aged CE showed the lowest. CONCLUSION. Etching was more effective in achieving durable SBS for VM and EC. Laser irradiation could be considered as an alternative surface treatment method to air abrasion for all tested materials. Aging had significant effect on SBS values generated between tested materials and resin composite.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2020

우리나라는 농업용수의 공급을 위해 소규모의 저수지가 건설되어 있으나 대부분이 준공년도로부터 50년 이상 경과된 것으로 조사되고 있어 노후화가 심각한 상황이다. 노후된 농업용 저수지의 경우, 누수 및 비탈면의 활동 등 심각한 결함이 발생하는 사례가 조사되고 있어 안전상 매우 취약한 문제가 있다. 이에 따라 국내에서는 그라우팅 공법을 활용하여 노후된 농업용 저수지의 보강이 이루어지고 있다. 그러나 그라우팅 공법의 주입재로 사용되는 시멘트는 생산과정에서 천연자원의 소비와 다량의 온실가스가 발생하고, 주입량, 배합비, 주입압력 등 다양한 요인에 의해 충분한 보강이 이루어지지 않는 문제가 있어 이를 대체할 수 있는 새로운 재료 및 공법의 개발이 요구되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 도로와 철도 비탈면의 안정성 확보를 위해 사용되고 있는 표층안정재에 대해 실내시험을 수행하고, 시험결과와 프로그램 해석결과를 분석하여 표층안정재를 노후 농업용 저수지의 보강재료로 사용하는 경우 보강효과를 검토하였다. 실내시험 결과, 표층안정재의 혼합비가 증가함에 따라 점착력은 증가하였으나, 혼합비 9% 이상에서는 뚜렷한 증가가 나타나지 않아 점착력의 증가가 가능한 최대 혼합비는 9%인 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 프로그램 해석결과에서는 노후 농업용 저수지의 비탈면 1.0m를 보강하는 경우 안전율이 약 1.4배 증가하여 표층안정재를 사용한 노후 농업용 저수지의 보강은 충분히 가능한 것으로 나타났고, 보강방법으로는 비탈면과 비탈면 하부를 동시에 보강하는 것이 가장 적절한 것으로 나타났다.