• 제품안전
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• 통권91호
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• pp.64-65
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• 2001

UPS(Uninterruptible Power Supply)는 우리말로는 무정전전원장치(無停電電源裝置)라고 하는데, 정전(停電 : Stoppage of Electric Current)과 같은 전원장애(電源障碍)가 발생한 경우 UPS에 접속되어 잇는 기기에 지속적으로 전원을 공급하는 장치를 말한다. UPS방식에는 상시 인버터방식, 상시 상용방식, 라인 인터랙티브방식의 세가지가 있다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2019

본 연구는 비료자원으로 이용 가능한 국내 부존자원인 농업부산물의 활용성 제고를 위해 발생량을 추정하고, 주요 비료 성분 (질소, 인산, 칼리) 함량을 선행연구 및 자료들을 수집하여 향후 수입 유박 대체를 위한 국내 자원 발굴 및 활용에 관한 기초자료로 활용하고자 하였다. 2018년 농작물 생산량과 환산계수를 활용하여 주요 34종의 농작물 부산물의 연간 발생량을 추정하였다. 전체 농업부산물 중 볏짚이 50.3%로 가장 많이 발생하였으며 그 다음 왕겨가 8.7%로 벼 재배 후 발생되는 부산물이 전체 59.0%로 대부분을 차지하였다. 또한 농촌지역에서 발생되는 부산물 40종에 대한 비료 성분 (질소, 인산, 칼리)의 함량을 목록화 하였으며, 농업부산물의 질소, 인산, 칼리 성분의 평균 함량은 각 1.43%, 0.59%, 1.90%로 나타났다. 2018년 기준 26종의 농업부산물의 연간 질소공급 잠재량을 추정한 결과 44,911톤의 질소를 공급할 수 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 조사된 농업부산물들은 질소, 인산, 칼리 등 비료 성분을 함유하고 있으나 유기질 비료의 주원료로 사용되는 아주까리 유박의 비료 성분 함량에 비해 대체적으로 낮게 나타났다. 농업부산물은 발생하는 시기나 장소, 양분 함량이 매우 다양하기 때문에 이를 효율적으로 활용하기 위한 관리방안 수립이 필요하며 국내 농업부산물을 활용한 비료 및 퇴비 연구를 통하여 수입 유박을 대체하는 자재 개발 및 보급이 요구된다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.95-107
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• 2017

Purpose - In the joint development of new products, buyers and suppliers exchange information to solve various problems. Uncertainty and ambiguity are typical examples. Uncertainty refers to the lack of information to solve the problem, and equivocality refers to the case where the information is interpreted in multiple processes in the process of providing the information. These uncertainty and equivocality cause new products to be delayed in their development and adversely affect quality. However, unfortunately, there is a lack of researches on how the uncertainty and equivocality of such concepts control the results of new product joint development. But, smooth communication and effective exchange of information is not emphasized only in the general organization. The importance of the new product joint development projects to achieve the two organizations' common goals becomes even greater. The purposes of this study are to analyse the effect of supplier's strategy on the NPD performance and moderating effect of uncertainty and equivocality. Research design, data, and methodology - In order to make a contribution to the lack of academic researches in Korea, this study collects data through questionnaires based on organizational information processing theory and previous studies, and conducts empirical analysis. Results - As a result, the product modularization strategy and the strategic supply chain relationship positively influenced the new product development performance - return on investment and ease of manufacturing. And the interaction effect of uncertainty and equivocality with supplier's strategy - product modularity strategy and strategic supply chain management relationship - reduces or negates the influence of product modularization strategy on new product development performance. Conclusions - This implies that it is important to control uncertainty and equivocality in order for the supplier strategy to have a positive effect on new product development performance. It also emphasizes the necessity of sharing information appropriately for companies that do not want to share the information as possible due to their fear of loss of competitive advantage in the joint development of new products. Because this kind of negative policy might let uncertainty and equivocality be happen in new product joint development process.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.155-164
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• 2012

As the global market becomes more competitive, manufacturing industries face relentless pressure caused by a growing tendency of greater varieties of products, shorter manufacturing cycles and more sophisticated customer requirements. Efficient and effective supplier selection and order allocation decisions are, therefore, important decisions for a manufacturer to ensure stable material flows in a highly competitive supply chain, in particular, when customers are willing to accept products with less desirable product attributes (e.g., color, delivery date) for economic reasons. This paper attempts to solve optimally the challenging problem of supplier selection and order allocation, taking into consideration the customer flexibility for a manufacturer producing multi-products to satisfy the customers' demands in a multi period planning horizon. A new mixed integer programming model is developed to describe the behavior of the supply chain. The objective is to maximize the manufacturer's total profit subject to various operating constraints of the supply chain. Due to the complexity and non-deterministic polynomial-time (NP)-hard nature of the problem, an improved genetic approach is proposed to solve the problem optimally. This approach differs from a canonical genetic algorithm in three aspects: a new selection method to reduce the chance of premature convergence and two problem-specific repair heuristics to guarantee feasibility of the solutions. The results of applying the proposed approach to solve a set of randomly generated test problems clearly demonstrate its excellent performance. When compared with applying the canonical genetic algorithm to locate optimal solutions, the average improvement in the solution quality amounts to as high as ten percent.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.82-89
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• 2020

This study is a design study related to the application of 3D printer technology for garment printing. Knitting, which used to be a home industry in the early days, originally comes from hand-knitting. This evolved with various personal devices as a small job for the self-sufficiency of early European housewives. In addition, since the Industrial Revolution, mechanical production entered the mass production mass supply system, and various apparel products were provided to consumers in accordance with mass standardized dimensions. This is similar to the development process in Korea. In addition, it has formed a considerable market with the situation that it can produce and supply apparel products at low labor costs of first-generation Namdaemun and Dongdaemun merchants. As the production shifted to the Southeast Asian region due to the increase in labor costs in the domestically developed social situation, the production of garment products in Korea is now almost 5%. As a result, apparel-related production facilities and related companies are constantly moving to other countries to move production facilities sensitively due to rising labor costs. Recently, smart factory automation has been planned to explore new possibilities. In addition, in recent years, with the evolved appearance of consumers, the appropriate supply of the right amount of production has appeared, and the 3D printer applied to personal garment output has attracted considerable interest in the customized market. Therefore, in order to become a new hope and a small addition to various clothing workers, this study conducted related research on the following 3D printers for clothing output and attempted to proceed with a new design.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.151-169
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• 2007

By the environment-friendly(hereafter EF) agricultural policy and toward the safety food of consumers, there is much glowing supply and demand fur EF agricultural products, in Korea. But, in general, EF agricultural products are blown as unique, unreasonable and high price system. This study aims to make clare the main bodies and competition structure in EF agricultural products and the different from the agricultural products. The mail results of this study are summarized as follows. Firstly, farmers and consumers directly participate in the distribution, and the major distributors participate in the market of EF agricultural products after the certification system is got ready. Because EF agricultural products is not dealt and the price system is not built up in agricultural wholesale market. Secondly, the distribution route of EF agricultural products is organized the unified organization by the main bodies such as farmers, consumers co-op, and special distributors. In any step of distribution, the main body of distribution surely deals with the contracted farmers, consumers co-op, and special distributors. Accordingly, it is said that EF agricultural products has the competition structure between the distribution route organized the unified organization rather than between main bodies in the each steps of distribution.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2002

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the customer's requirements for shoe products using the survey method, to analyze customers' needs, and to supply information to make the shoe that they want. For this work, we made 38 survey items for the degree of shoe satisfaction, for foot care and shoe control, for shoe characteristics, and for shoe purchase in future. For the purchase of shoe products in future, customers in their twenties gave the highest score for shoe design among price, design, size, fashion, fitness, color, brand, so forth. However, respondents in their forties selected the degree of fitness instead of shoe design. In the question for the buying price of shoe products in future, all customers wanted shoe products between 30,000 won md 50,000 won.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.105-121
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• 2018

In 1995, the WTO started to ease the trade barriers. Globalization has accelerated. The opening of the agricultural products market is rapidly gaining momentum with the conclusion of an FTA. The acceleration of this FTA is expected to be a threat to Korea's agriculture, and a new strategy is needed. At the beginning of the nuclear accident, mainly radioactive materials are found in the surface layer of the soil. Over time, the concentration of the plant gradually increases. After 5 years, it becomes noticeable. In March 2016, it will be five years after the nuclear accident. Radioactive contamination is very likely to occur in agricultural products produced in the Fukushima area at this time. In this period, agricultural products produced in the Fukushima region are expected to generate supply disruptions in Japan, and imports to replace them will increase. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a mid- and long-term strategy for exporting to Japan by analyzing the competitiveness of Korean agricultural products. In this study, standardization index was derived by using agricultural price ratio, TSI, export CAC. Based on this, we analyzed the competitiveness of each item in the Japanese market. The analysis shows that garlic is the most competitive product in the Japanese market. Also, strawberry, tomato, and cucumber were found to be competitive. On the other hand, Kiwi, pineapple, soybean, onion, potato, etc. As a result of the analysis, the following strategies were proposed for the export of agricultural products with high competitiveness. First, it is necessary to develop technology to suppress deterioration of export transportation quality. Second, continuous supply of local consumption pattern information is required. Third, it is necessary to expand exports by processing fresh food. Fourth, it suggested the establishment of export base and strengthening of support system.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2019

Seaweed by-products have been dumped into the sea and induced marine pollution. However, they can be recycled as a valuable natural resources. Approximately 240,000 tons of sea mustard and kelp by-products were estimated to be producted during the last three years. The estimate corresponds 6.7% of the total production of marine aquaculture and 14.9% of the total production of seaweeds. When adding up the by-products from fish and mollusks, approximately 1,000,000 tons of fisheries by-products were thrown out into the sea every year. A three-step strategy is required for the industralization of fisheries by-products. The first step is the construction of the processing foundation of by-products, the second is its food industralization, and the third is its recycling as raw biomaterials. The stable supply of raw materials is the prerequisite for the industralization. Thus, it is necessary to construct the refuse logistics around chief production districts and to build the processing facility and frozen storage of by-products. Cooperation among private enterprises and government investment for research and development is required the second and third steps.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.99-117
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• 2006

Consumers keep demanding for diversified high quality products, valuable services and safety. With this in mind, Distribution Industry is being updated rapidly to accomodate this demand. Meanwhile, Distribution Information Technology of agricultural products has been in slow progress with little in-depth studies. In this study, it has been analyzed the usage of Bar code which is the key element for agricultural Distribution Information Technology. The analysis was conducted through a survey utilizing questionnaire covering 5 Hypermarkets(Super-centers) including big 3 companies. Also, Japanese market trends have been studied to visit a Japan Government Organization concerned, GS1 Japan, an Agricultural Cooperative, an Agricultural Wholesale Market, and a Retail Company. If we could use KAN code for all agricultural products, we could collect and analyze the information of price and trade quantity of them. It opens a new era to understand the agricultural products supply and demand easily. This will certainly make a great contribution to the evolution of agricultural products distribution. From this research, it is suggested that collective efforts by suppliers, wholesalers, retailers and Government Officers are needed to make large scale mutual marketing Organizations, which specialize in sending out agricultural products. The Organization is recommended to standardize and pack every final agricultural products, to promote the use of KAN code.