• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2010

UV-screening agents have some adverse effects that raise consumers' concern. The organic agents often cause irritation and may penetrate into human body while the inorganic agents raise aesthetic issues because they often turn opaque. Organic agents with high molecular weights and nano-sized inorganic agents have been developed respectively to minimize transdermal intrusion into human body and suppress turning opaque. Recently, we reported preparation of powdery UV-screening agents made of polysilsesquioxane, an organic-inorganic hybrid material. Powders would not penetrate into epidermis and organic-inorganic hybrid nature would suppress the opaqueness problem. In this study, we continued our research on this powdery polysilsesquioxane UV-screening agent, SESQUV, regarding its chemical composition, its synergic UV-screening effects when mixed with other organic agents, and its applicability in practical formulation. Results showed SESQUV was promising UV-screening agents useful in sunscreen formulation.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.31 no.4 s.54
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• pp.289-293
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• 2005

Nowadays there are many sun protection cosmetics including organic or inorganic UV filter as an active ingredient. Chemically stable inorganic sunsEreen agents, usually metal oxides, we widely employed in high SPF products. Titanium dioxide is one of the most frequently used inorganic UV filters. It has been used as pigments for a long period of cosmetic history. With the development of micronization techniques, it becomes possible to incorporate titanium dioxide in sunscreen formulations without whitening effect and it becomes an important research topic. However, there are very few works related to quantitations of titanium dioxide in sunscreen products. In this research, we analyzed amounts of titanium dioxide in sunscreen cosmetics by adapting redof titration, reduction of Ti(IV) to Ti(III) and reoxidation to Ti(IV). After calcification of other organic ingredients of cosmetics, titanium dioxide is dissolved by hot sulfuric acid. The dissolved Ti(IV) is reduced to the Ti(III) by adding aluminum metals. The reduced Ti(III) is titrated against a standard oxidizing agent, Fe(III) (ammonium iron(III) sulfate), with potassium thiocyanate as an indicator In order to test accuracy and applicability of the proposed method, we analyzed the amounts of titanium dioxide in four types of sunscreen cosmetics, such as cream, make-up base, foundation and powder, after adding known amounts of titanium dioxide $(1{\sim}25w/w%)$. The percent recoveries of the titanium dioxide in four types of formulations were in the range between 96 and 105%. We also analyzed 7 commercial cosmetic products labeled titanium dioxide as an ingredient and compared the results with those of obtained from ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry), one of the most powerful atomic analysis techniques. The results showed that the titrated amounts were well coincided with the analyzed amounts of titanium dioxide by ICP-AES. Although instrumental analytical methods, ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry) and ICP-AES, are the best for the analysis of titanium, it is hard to adopt because of their high prices for small cosmetic companies. It was found that the volumetric method presented here gat e quantitative and reliable results with routine lab-wares and chemicals.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.130-133
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• 2009

The crude extract of the mycelium of Cladosporium was found to exhibit antimicrobial activity against the Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, and multidrug-resistant S. aureus. Bioassayguided fractionation of an organic extract led to the isolation of an acetophenone derivative, clavatol (2',4'-dihydroxy-3',5'-dimethylacetophenone) (1), and a benzodiazepine alkaloid, circumdatin A (2). Compound 1 showed moderate antibacterial activity against S. aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, and multidrug-resistant S. aureus with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 62.5, 62.5, 31.0 $\mu$g/mL, respectively, but compound 2 was inactive. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited UV-A protection activity with ED$_{50}$ values of 227.0 and 82.0 $\mu$M, respectively, indicating that they were more potent than the positive control, oxybenzone (ED$_{50}$ 350 $\mu$M), a common sunscreen agent.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.33 no.1 s.60
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• pp.11-15
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• 2007

Oxidation/reduction titrations are important quantitative procedures for many chemicals. Several widely used analytical methods for cosmetic ingredients are based on the redox reactions. In this article, we summarized basic theories of redox titration and applications. Determination of unsaturation properties based on iodine or bromine number, quantitation of hydrogen peroxide or peroxide materials in several cosmetic ingredients and measurement of titanium dioxide, widely used sunscreen agent, in cosmetics are discussed here.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.202-213
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• 2002

There have been a lot of research going on for developing a new blend of cosmetic ingredients. such as Porous sphere power, High functional composition power, Ultrafine power, UV sunscreen agent, Flat titanium dioxide etc. It's said that these ingredients will have multi functional effects on foundation users. Regarding foundation products. UV care effect is basic and consumers want special feelings for skin and its'transparency. People also look for a high performance foundation which helps skin stay shineless and flawless with a longlasting beautiful finish. A lot of cosmetics are produced in small quantities resulting in a greater variety depending on consumers'ages, hobbies, trends, season and environment, so more specific cosmetics should be developed. To satisfy more specific clientele, It is expected that special care product will come out. Foundations for the elderly and men are already being considered as well as ones for trans-genders are possibility. It's considered that fecundation is not a makeup but something in skin-care categories based on the development and production of high performonce foundations.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.456-462
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• 2017

Background: Abnormal activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) plays an important role in UV-induced wrinkle formation, which is a major dermatological problem. This formation occurs due to the degeneration of the extracellular matrix (ECM). In this study, we investigated the cutaneous photoprotective effects of Ultraflo L treated ginseng leaf (UTGL) in hairless mice. Methods: SKH-1 hairless mice (6 weeks of age) were randomly divided into four groups (8 mice/group). UTGL formulation was applied topically to the skin of the mice for 10 weeks. The normal control group received nonvehicle and was not irradiated with UVB. The UV control (UVB) group received nonvehicle and was exposed to gradient-UVB irradiation. The groups (GA) receiving topical application of UTGL formulation were subjected to gradient-UVB irradiation on $0.5mg/cm^2$ [GA-low (GA-L)] and $1.0mg/cm^2$ [(GA-high (GA-H)] of dorsal skin area, respectively. Results: We found that topical treatment with UTGL attenuated UVB-induced epidermal thickness and impairment of skin barrier function. Additionally, UTGL suppressed the expression of MMP-2, -3, and -13 induced by UVB irradiation. Our results show that topical application of UTGL protects the skin against UVB-induced damage in hairless mice and suggest that UTGL can act as a potential agent for preventing and/or treating UVB-induced photoaging. Conclusion: UTGL possesses sunscreen properties and may exhibit photochemoprotective activities inside the skin of mice. Therefore, UTGL could be used as a potential therapeutic agent to protect the skin against UVB-induced photoaging.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.1014-1019
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• 2011

Curcumin is a natural phytochemical present in turmeric, the ground powder of the rhizomes of Curcuma longa. Curcumin has been described as having antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic properties. However, it is still largely unknown whether curcumin inhibits the UVB-induced inflammatory reaction in HaCaT keratinocyte cell lines. In this study, to confirm the photoprotection properties of curcumin, HaCaT keratinocyte cells were irradiated by UVB, and then treated with curcumin. UVB irradiation induced the increased expressions of IL-$1{\beta}$, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6, IL-8, and COX-2 in HaCaT cells. These increased expressions of cytokines (IL-$1{\beta}$, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6, IL-8, and COX-2) were down-regulated by curcumin treatment in UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells. In addition skin of hairless mice were damaged by UVB irradiation, which were evidenced by atrophy of epidermis and decrease of collagen in dermis. However, these damages were protected partially by co-treatment of curcumin. Taken together, this data indicate that curcumin may be a promising photoprotection agent, when used in massage pack or sunscreen product, to reduce cell death in UV-damaged skin.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2015

The object of this study is to obtain the optimum mix proportion of halogen free compound with flame resistance and, for the purpose, thermal/electrical characteristics test are conducted using compatibilizing agents, flame resistance agents, hydroxide aluminum, sunscreen, antioxidant and silicon oil on the base resin of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). Existing compound method accompanies many requirements to be satisfied including a lot of addition of flame resistance agents, prohibition of impact on mixing capability with base and property and etc. In this study, different from the existing method, the optimum mix proportion is determined and experimented by adding nano clay. Oxygen index test shows no difference between specimens while T-6, T-9 shows oxygen index of 29[%] and 26[%], respectively. This is concluded that hydroxide aluminum, which is a flame resistance agent, leads low oxygen index. From UL94-V vertical flame resistance test, the combustion behavior is determined as V-0, Fail based on UL94-V decision criteria. Viscometry shows low measurements in specimens with separate addition of compatibilizing agents or nano clay. Volume resistivity test shows low measurement mainly in specimens without compatibilizing agents. Therefore, with the flame resistance compound shows better performance for thermal/electrical property and the optimum mix proportion are achieved among many existing materials.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.821-829
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• 2019

This study was conducted to evaluate the applicability of the extracts from nipa palm, molokhia, and finger root in functional cosmetics as a natural active ingredient. The extracts were obtained through the processes of heating under reflux with ethanol, filtration, concentration, and freeze-drying. UV absorption and blocking effects of the extracts were examined by using the UV-vis spectrophotometer equipped with an integrating sphere. Antioxidant activity and its stability between the extracts were compared using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Also, total polyphenol content in the extracts was determined quantitatively using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, with gallic acid as the standard. Antibacterial activity of the extracts was investigated by the disc diffusion test against Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (gram-negative). Finally, collagenase inhibitor assay was performed to examine the anti-wrinkle effect of the extracts. From the results of this study, the extract of nipa palm showed the potential for use in cosmetics as an antioxidant and anti-wrinkle agent, and the extract of finger root as a sunscreen and antibacterial agent.