• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.155-163
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• 2018

The present study was carried out to investigate the physicochemical properties of hot water extracts of red ginseng powder prepared by two-stage hot air drying method using steamed ginseng and steaming liquid for 2.5 h under high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave condition. The total polyphenols, total flavonoids, total sugar, acid polysaccharides and crude saponin in hot water extracts from red ginseng powder were analyzed and determined, and the flavor components of ginseng were measured using color difference meter and an electronic tongue. The total polyphenol, total flavonoid, total polysaccharide, and acid polysaccharide of the red ginseng hot water extract obtained by autoclaving (ARG) were 9.06 mg GAE/g, 3.38 mg NE/g, 35.22 g/100 g, and 10.90 g/100 g, respectively. The final contents of the total polyphenols, total flavonoids, crude saponin were higher than those determined using other red ginseng methods; the time required for steamed red ginseng production reduced. The total ginsenoside content of ginseng including Rb1 was 10.69 mg/g, which is the lowest ARG. The processing conditions affected the conversion to ginsenosides unique to red ginseng. Red ginseng and steaming liquid obtained from the autoclave are expected to be in need for non-food materials and products as well as foods by improving the flavor components through conversion of red ginseng components into low molecular weight.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.145-152
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• 2000

The total acreage of 4,894ha of upland soils in Yeongyang area, the main crop cultivated were red-pepper. They were distributed mainly on local valleys and alluvial fans(54.9%), about 61.2% had 7~15% slopes, and about 73.2% had fine loamy family in soil texture. the soils were classified into Ochrepts(73.7%). Udalfs(16.9%), Fluvents(6.2%) and Psamments(3.2%) etc. The upland soils with 100~250m in altitude and "moderately well drained" had higher contents in inorganic nutrients. The red-pepper Produced in the high altitude(>400m) were lower in quality and yields, while the content of sugar and yields of pepper produced in fine loamy textured soils were higher than other soil textures. The yields of red-pepper produced in the "moderately well drained" soils which had better water supply capacity were higher than "well drained" soils.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.456-463
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of granular type of silicate fertilizer on watermelon growth, yield, and characteristics of soil in the greenhouse. Four different levels of silicate fertilizer, 0(control), 600, 1,200, $1,800kg\;ha^{-1}$ were applied for experiment. The silicate fertilizer was applied as a basal fertilization before transplanting watermelon. Compost and basal fertilizers were applied based on the standard fertilizer recommendation rate with soil testing. All of the recommended $P_2O_5$ and 50% of N and $K_2O$ were applied as a basal fertilization. The N and $K_2O$ as additional fertilization was split-applied twice by fertigation method. Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.) cultivar was 'Sam-Bok-KKuol and main stem was from rootstock (bottle gourd: Lagenaria leucantha Standl.) 'Bul-Ro-Jang-Sang'. The watermelon was transplanted on April, 15. Soil chemical properties, such as soil pH, EC, available phosphate and exchangeable K, Mg, and available $SiO_2$ levels increased compared to the control, while EC was similar and the concentrations of soil organic matter decreased. Physical properties of soils, such as soil bulk density and porosity were not different among treatments. The growth characteristics of watermelon, such as stem diameter, fresh and dry weight of watermelon at harvest were thicker and heavier for silicate treatment than the control, while number of node was shorter than the control. Merchantable watermelon increased by 3-5% compared to the control and sugar content was 0.4 to $0.7^{\circ}Brix$ higher than the control. These results suggest that silicate fertilizer application in the greenhouse can improve some chemical properties of soils and watermelon stem diameter and dry weight, which are contributed to watermelon quality and marketable watermelon production.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.110-117
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• 2015

We bred a mulberry cultivar named Sangmaru, through local adaptability test, which is under registration as a new cultivar for fruit production. Local adaptability test had been carried out at three places (Suwon, Cheongju, and Jangseong) for seven years from 2008. This is tetraploidy variety belonging to Morus alba L. made by colchicine treatment on growing point of 'Chungil (Morus alba L.)' winter buds. Sangmaru was high yielding cultivar in fruit productivity by 6% compared to control cultivar 'Chungil (Morus alba L.)' for five years. Although Sangmaru was similar in sugar content of mulberry fruits, it was bigger than that of 'Chungil'. It is adaptable to every where except the places where cold damage and sclerotic disease happen frequently.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.171-177
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• 2012

We bred a mulberry cultivar named Sangberry, through local adaptability test, which is under registration as a new cultivar for fruit production. Local adaptability test had been carried out at four places(Suwon, Kongju, Jangseong and Sangju) for six years from 2005. This is tetraploidy variety belonging to(Morus alba L.) made by colchicine treatment on growing point of winter buds. Sangberry was high yielding cultivar in fruit productivity by 70% compared to control cultivar "Chungilppong(Morus alba L.)" for four years. Although Sangberry was a little lower in sugar content of mulberry fruits, it contains more bioactive materials like C3G, rutin and amino acids than Chungilppong. It is adaptable to every where except the places where cold damage and sclerotic disease happen frequently.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2014

This study was performed to determine the effects of drying methods on the quality and physiological activities of blueberry. Blueberries(Vaccinium ashei) were dried by hot-air ($60^{\circ}C$), cyclic low pressure ($50^{\circ}C$), and freeze drying methods. They contained high properties of carbohydrates(68.48~80.00%), crude protein(1.63~5.41%), crude fat(0.58~1.25%), and ash(0.71~1.11%) regardless of the drying methods. There were no differences in pH according to the drying methods. Browning index increased as the drying temperature increased. The L, a values of the freeze-dried sample were higher than those of the other dried samples, whereas the b value of the cyclic low pressure dried sample was higher than that of the other samples. The free sugar contents of the hot-air sample were higher than those of the other samples. Vitamin C content of the freeze dried sample was higher than that of either the hot-air or cyclic low pressure dried sample. The contents of total polyphenols and anthocyanins were higher in the freeze dried sample. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of freeze drying sample was higher than that of either the hot-air or cyclic low pressure dried sample. The result indicated that there were no differences in product quality depending on the freeze-drying and cyclic low pressure drying methods.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.377-382
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• 2021

Oriental melon (Cucumis melo L.) is generally cultivated on the ground by creeping culture. A farmer has a higher workload for training stems. This study was conducted to find out a new cultivation of oriental melon to reduce a workload and improve the quality of fruit. There were three treatments for training stem of oriental melon; upward stem growing, downward stem growing, control (creeping stem growing). The results of the plant growth and the net photosynthesis showed higher in upward stem growing. The root activity was higher in downward stem attract. The yield was not significant as 4,055kg/10a in upward stem attract and 3,983kg/10a in downward stem attract. According to the results of the ergonomic agricultural workload evaluation, in the case of the working posture, the working posture of creeping cultivation methods (squatting, bending) showed a higher risk level than the upward and downward cultivation methods. Therefore, it is recommended the upward stem attract of oriental melon is a new cultivation as well as an alternative method for creeping stem attract in terms of improving the plant growth and yield, and reducing the workload.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.458-467
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• 2021

The effect of 16 cultivars on the quality of the rice porridge was investigated. The 'Geunnun' had the highest water absorption rate, but the 'Segyejinmi' yield (w/w) was the highest. The total sugar content of the rice porridge was 0.29~8.10%, showing significant variation among the cultivars. High amylose 'Dodamssal' and 'Hwaseonchalbyeo' glutinous rice displayed rotational viscosities of <20,000 cP. Rotational viscosities for boiled rice cultivars were 30,000~40,000 cP, representing an intermediate level, and the rotational viscosities of 'Geonyang2' and 'Hanareum4' were over 50,000 cP. These results suggest that the viscosity of rice porridge varies significantly among raw material cultivars. Among other variables affecting the texture profile of rice porridge, there were significant differences in hardness and gumminess among the cultivars. As a raw material, 'Baekokchal', a kind of glutinous rice, is known to be whiter than the non-glutinous rice, but after processing to porridge, it showed the lowest L value (71.1). Starch degrading enzyme activity was not significant in most types of rice porridges within 30 or 60 minutes. Therefore, enzymatic starch degradation is thought to be completed within 30 minutes. Among the tested raw materials, 'Miho' was 73.5 ㎍/mg, indicating the best digestibility in vitro.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.30 no.9
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• pp.709-717
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• 2021

This study evaluated the growth, physiological responses and productivity based on the intercropping ratio of cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) with basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). on the rooftops to determine out the efficient ratio in urban agriculture. From April to September 2019, an experiment was conducted on the rooftop of Konkuk University Glocal Campus. Cherry tomato and basil were selected as companion plants for eco-friendly urban agriculture on the rooftops. Each plot was created with a width of 100 cm, length of 100 cm, and height of 25 cm. After installing drainage and waterproof layers from bottom to top, substrate was laid out with a height of 20 cm. Intercropping ratio was consisted of a single tomato plant (TC), 2:1 tomato to basil (T₂B₁), 1:1 tomato to basil (T₁B₁), 1:2 tomato to basil 2 (T₁B₂), and a single basil plant (BC), were conducted using a randomized complete plot design with five treatments and three replication (a total 15 plots). Measurements were divided into growth, physiological responses, and productivity parameters, and detailed items were investigated and analyzed by classifying them into plant height, leaf length, leaf width, number of leaves, root length, root collar caliper, chlorophyll contents, fresh weight, dry weight, number of fruit, fruit caliper, fruit weight, and sugar content. Comparative analyses of cherry tomato with basil plants by intercropping ratio, growth, physiological, and productivity responses are determined to be efficient when the ratio of cherry tomato to basil ratio is 2:1 or 1:1.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.178-183
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• 2008

A new peanut variety "Seonan" (Arachis hypogaea ssp. hypogaea L.) was developed at the Yeongnam Agricultural Research Institute, NICS, in Milyang in 2007. It was developed from the cross between the erect short stem cultivar "SP9128" and the high-yielding cultivar "Daekwang". "Seanan" which is Virginia plant type has 18 branch number per plant with early maturing and long-ellipse shaped large kernel. Each pod has two grains with brown testa and 100 seed weight was 87 g in the regional yield trials (RYT). Especially this variety has resistance to lodging owing to short stem. The free sugar and tannin content of fresh peanut are 3.7% and 0.48%, respectively, similar to check variety. In the regional yield trials "Seonan" was outyielded than check variety by 14% with 8.59 MT/ha for fresh pod and by 7% with 3.75 MT/ha for grain.