• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.34.1-34.12
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the success rate of endodontic treatments performed by undergraduate students and the factors associated with the outcome. Materials and Methods: A follow-up of 3 to 8 years after root canal filling was carried out in 91 patients. At the follow-up visits, medical and dental history questionnaires were applied along with clinical and radiographic examinations. Data collected in the clinical exam included: the presence of pain, swelling, sinus tract, mobility, tenderness to palpation and percussion, periodontal probing profile, and type/quality of coronal restoration. Postoperative and follow-up radiographs were digitalized and analyzed by 2 trained and calibrated examiners to assess periapical healing. The treatment outcome was based on strict clinical and radiographic criteria and classified as success (absence of any clinical and radiographic sign of apical periodontitis) or failure (other combination). Logistic regression was used to investigate the impact of clinical and radiographic variables on endodontic treatment outcomes at a 5% significance level. Results: The success rate of endodontic treatments was 60.7%. The only risk factor significantly associated with failure was the presence of a periapical lesion on the postoperative radiograph (odds ratio, 3.35; 95% confidence interval, 1.17-9.54). Conclusions: The success rate of endodontic treatments performed by undergraduate students was low and was jeopardized by the presence of a periapical lesion on the postoperative radiograph.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.19-33
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• 2017

Various forms of procurement are open to companies when constructing new owner-occupied properties. The selection of a form of procurement is an important decision-making problem for companies and their Corporate Real Estate Management (CREM) departments. With this in mind, a decision support tool has been developed to optimise the outcome and success of company's proposed real estate development projects and is presented in this paper. This model can also be used for current real estate portfolios to optimise returns in the long term. In pursuit of this objective and in order to provide an academic basis for this study, decision-relevant goals and parameters were initially identified from the referenced literature used in our research. These were subsequently evaluated in a case study of a corporate development project and identified as specific decision criteria from the perspective of the CREM. The investigation identified 15 criteria that are relevant to the corporate decision-making process in procuring and/or developing property. A model for supporting and resolving decision-making problems of this type was derived from decision theory. In this paper, a decision-making tool is presented that takes into account all the decision criteria from the CREM point of view for the first time. This model should therefore serve as an aid in implementing the decision-making process for the development of real estate projects in a more structured and transparent manner.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.1496-1515
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• 2017

One of the most visible developments in Decision Support Systems (DSS) was the emergence of rule-based expert systems. Hence, despite their success in many sectors, developers of Medical Rule-Based Systems have met several critical problems. Firstly, the rules are related to a clearly stated subject. Secondly, a rule-based system can only learn by updating of its rule-base, since it requires explicit knowledge of the used domain. Solutions to these problems have been sought through improved techniques and tools, improved development paradigms, knowledge modeling languages and ontology, as well as advanced reasoning techniques such as case-based reasoning (CBR) which is well suited to provide decision support in the healthcare setting. However, using CBR reveals some drawbacks, mainly in its interrelated tasks: the retrieval and the adaptation. For the retrieval task, a major drawback raises when several similar cases are found and consequently several solutions. Hence, a choice for the best solution must be done. To overcome these limitations, numerous useful works related to the retrieval task were conducted with simple and convenient procedures or by combining CBR with other techniques. Through this paper, we provide a combining approach using the multi-criteria analysis (MCA) to help, the traditional retrieval task of CBR, in choosing the best solution. Afterwards, we integrate this approach in a decision model to support medical decision. We present, also, some preliminary results and suggestions to extend our approach.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.21-34
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this article is to develop steering of program accreditation system in Korean Medicine Education through meta-evaluation. For this study, the subjects of our research were categorized as the accreditation criteria and system, results and effects, tasks for improvement on Korean Medicine Education. Methods: We conducted Focus Group Interview on 102 full-time professors with experience of participating on accreditation of Korean Medicine Education from 12 college of Korean Medicine Education and we analyzed it by thematic analysis. Results: The accreditation criteria and program evaluation system of Korean Medicine were listed as 'Confusion about the goals of program evaluation', 'High hurdles on accreditation', 'obsession to success cases', 'Small college complaints about applying the same criteria', 'Dilemma of quantitative and qualitative evaluation'. The results and effects of program evaluation in Korean Medicine Education were listed as 'Establishment of base infrastructure for basic medical education', 'Benchmarking and exchanging opinions through evaluation certification', 'Resistance to documents and document-based evaluation', and 'Double-sided of evaluation certification'. As for the tasks for further improvement, the following list is suggested. 'Actively promote evaluation certification', 'Simplification and standardization of forms', 'Requesting for activating about Evaluation committee', 'Need for consulting before regular evaluation'. Conclusion: It is necessary to upgrade the accreditation system and make efforts to improve the issues discovered for better Korean Medicine Education.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.67-77
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the survival and success rates of Korean Osstem implants US II Plus, GS II following loading period. Materials and Methods: Dental records were obtained in total 201 patients who were treated with Korean Osstem implants US II Plus, GS II on both maxillary and mandibular anterior and posterior areas in six different clinics for 2 years from January 2007 to December 2008. Total 430 implants were evaluated clinically and radiographically using predefined success criteria prospectively and following results were obtained. Result: US II Plus, GS II implants showed high survival rates of more than 99% and high success rates more than 90% independent of loading period. As a result of cross analysis to evaluate clinical significance between implant loading period and success rate, the P-value of US II Plus was 0.10 (P>0.05), and the P-value of GS II was 0.17 (P>0.05), which showed no statistical significance. Bone quality, smoking, and edentulous state are factors that can affect the survival and success rates following differently loaded implants, but did not significantly affect in this study. Conclusion: These results suggest that selection of loading period of Korean Osstem implants US II Plus, GS II would be done carefully considering implant install area, the quality alveolar bone, the state of edentulous ridge and experience of operator, though they showed clinically good results on both maxillary and mandibular anterior and posterior areas.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.205-213
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• 2017

Background: This study retrospectively investigated outcomes following dental implantation in patients with special needs who required general anesthesia to enable treatment. Method: Patients underwent implant treatment under general anesthesia at the Clinic for the Disabled in Seoul National University Dental Hospital between January 2004 and June 2017. The study analyzed medical records and radiographs. Implant survival rates were calculated by applying criteria for success or failure. Results: Of 19 patients in the study, 8 were males and 11 were females, with a mean age of 32.9 years. The patients included 11 with mental retardation, 3 with autism, 2 with cerebral palsy, 2 with schizophrenia, and 1 with a brain disorder; 2 patients also had seizure disorders. All were incapable of oral self-care due to serious cognitive impairment and could not cooperate with normal dental treatment. A total of 27 rounds of general anesthesia and 1 round of intravenous sedation were performed for implant surgery. Implant placement was performed in 3 patients whose prosthesis records could not be found, while 3 other patients had less than 1 year of follow-up after prosthetic treatment. When the criteria for implant success or failure were applied in 13 remaining patients, 3 implant failures occurred in 59 total treatments. The cumulative survival rate of implants over an average of 43.3 months (15-116 months) was 94.9%. Conclusion: For patients with severe cognitive impairment who are incapable of oral self-care, implant treatment under general anesthesia showed a favorable prognosis.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2011

Rapid population growth and land use changes have severely degraded streams across the United States. In response, there has been a surge in the number of stream restoration projects, including stream restoration for mitigation purposes. Currently, most projects do not include evaluation and monitoring, which are critical in the success of stream restoration projects. The goal of this study is to review the current status of assessment methodologies and restoration approaches for streams in Virginia, with the aim of assisting the restoration community in making sound decisions. As part of the study, stream restoration projects data from a project in Fairfax County, Virginia was assessed. This review revealed that the stream assessment methodologies currently applied to restoration are visuallybased and do not include biological data collection and/or a method to incorporate watershed information. It was found from the case study that out of the twenty nine restoration projects that had occurred between 1995 and 2003 in Fairfax County, nineteen projects reported bank stabilization as a goal or the only goal, indicating an emphasis on a single physical component rather than on the overall ecological integrity of streams. It also turned out that only seven projects conducted any level of monitoring as part of the restoration, confirming the lack of evaluation and monitoring. However, Fairfax County has recently improved its stream restoration practices by developing and incorporating watershed management plans. This now provides one of the better cases that might be looked upon by stakeholders when planning future stream restoration projects.

• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.17-35
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• 2023

Purpose: As more and more food franchise companies want to expand overseas, related research is becoming more and more necessary. This study aims to examine the critical factors for successful overseas expansion according to the stages of overseas expansion, derive vital associations, and examine the success factors of overseas expansion through semantic network analysis. Research Design, Data, and Methodology: This study conducted in-depth interviews with three food franchise companies that have experienced overseas expansion and conducted semantic network analysis among crucial associations. The semantic network analysis was conducted using the Textom program. Results: Based on the results of the in-depth interview analysis, the factors considered when expanding overseas were categorized as 1) standardization and localization strategies of overseas franchisees, 2) physical environment of overseas franchisees, 3) entry types of overseas franchisees, 4) constraints of overseas franchisees, and 5) success criteria of overseas franchisees. The semantic network analysis based on the corresponding keywords showed that the importance of local partners is very high in common. Conclusion: This study examined and re-categorized the important factors to consider when a restaurant franchise company expands overseas in a step-by-step manner. In addition, an attempt was made to examine the keywords derived from the semantic network analysis objectively. The results provided theoretical and practical implications for the successful overseas expansion of franchise companies.

• 무역학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.89-111
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• 2016

Mega-FTA는 양자간 FTA와 달리 선진국을 포함한 신흥경제국이 하나의 단일시장에서 규모의 경제를 확대하고자 하는데 목적이 있다. 양자간 FTA는 협상을 통해 자국의 산업뿐만 아니라 국가 간 연관 산업도 고려하여 원산지 기준과 특혜 관세율을 조정하기 때문에 경쟁력이 있는 특정산업은 역내 시장 확대와 더불어 외국인 투자나 국내재투자도 기대할 수 있다. 이와는 반대로 Mega-FTA는 다수의 참여국이 동일한 특혜세율 하에서 경제규모를 확대해야 하므로 양자간 FTA와는 달리 참여국들의 경쟁우위요소를 복합적으로 활용하여야만 협정의 효과를 극대화 할 수 있게 된다. 즉, Mega-FTA에서는 양자간 FTA의 보충기준인 누적기준의 활용 여부가 협정의 성패를 좌우하는 중요한 FTA 활용 증진 요소이다.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.323-341
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• 2019

Background: Local anesthetics alone or in combination with adjuncts, such as oral medications, have routinely been used for pain control during endodontic treatment. The best clinical choice amongst the vast numbers of agents and techniques available for pain control for irreversible pulpitis is unclear. This network meta-analysis combined the available evidence on agents and techniques for pulpal anesthesia in the maxilla and mandible, in order to identify the best amongst these approaches statistically, as a basis for future clinical trials. Methods: Randomized trials in MEDLINE, DARE, and COCHRANE databases were screened based on inclusion criteria and data were extracted. Heterogeneity was assessed and odds ratios were used to estimate effects. Inconsistencies between direct and indirect pooled estimates were evaluated by H-statistics. The Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation working group approach was used to assess evidence quality. Results: Sixty-two studies (nine studies in the maxilla and 53 studies in the mandible) were included in the meta-analysis. Increased mandibular pulpal anesthesia success was observed on premedication with aceclofenac + paracetamol or supplemental 4% articaine buccal infiltration or ibuprofen+paracetamol premedication, all the above mentioned with 2% lignocaine inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB). No significant difference was noted for any of the agents investigated in terms of the success rate of maxillary pulpal anesthesia. Conclusion: Direct and indirect comparisons indicated that some combinations of IANB with premedication and/or supplemental infiltration had a greater chance of producing successful mandibular pulpal anesthesia. No ideal technique for maxillary anesthesia emerged. Randomized clinical trials with increased sample size may be needed to provide more conclusive data. Our findings suggest that further high-quality studies are required in order to provide definitive direction to clinicians regarding the best agents and techniques to use for mandibular and maxillary anesthesia for irreversible pulpitis.