• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.205-217
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• 2014

This study examined attitudes of grandmothers who had experience in grandchild care in order to explore their subjectivity. Research questions were 1) to categorize the attitudes toward grandchild care, and 2) to analyze each type's characteristics and elucidate the analyses. The results are as follows. Grandmothers' attitudes toward grandchild care were categorized into three types: (1) adjusting-to-role-change type, (2) recognizing-the-role-burdens type, (3) enjoying-the-traditional-role type. Type 1, the adjusting-to-role-change type was aware of positive facets of grandchild care, and actively accepted the caring responsibility, but did not think it was a grandmother's duty to care for the grandchildren or that it was the sole pleasure in a grandmother's life. Type 2, the recognizing-the-role-burdens type, had a negative view regarding grandchild care, perceiving the cost too high relative to the reward. On the other hand, Type 3, the enjoying-the-traditional-role type considered grandchild care as a pleasure and a duty, and downplayed negative aspects such as having no time to herself, assuming the traditional grandmother role and enjoying it. These results imply that the attitudes of grandmothers nowadays are undergoing a change from the traditional grandmother role attitude.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Quality Management Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.251-259
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• 2006

Evaluation of the work of art with intention of the artist different is not a possibility of free oneself from the limit which estimates an evaluation at value of appreciator. We tried new interpreting about the work of art in this paper. The work of art respects the intention of the artist to make it and interprets intention until now. After critics distinguish by a period, an area that they set to philosophical thought which is the time and interpreted. We set to each one subjectivity and interpreted between artist to make the work of art and appreciator. But in this paper, we tied various criteria which appreciates the work of art. We tried so that we presented the intimacy each other newly. Otherwise we tied with the subjectivity of the individual and are the try to be an objectification low through statistical technique. We looked into the culture and art in the introduction and explain the discussion about the work of art interpreting which the main subject. We set the category 6 area, and explain an each criteria explanation and assessment method. We tried to propose new interpreting as the intimacy to be multivariate data analysis result of the assessment analysis. Stopping from the thing which sees the work of art knows, it will be able to give meaning thing from this research prerequisite.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.216-226
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for developing strategic programs based on broadcasting of civil defense exercise in nation focused on fire-fighting officers. 33 Q-population (concourse) was selected based on the media related literature review described above, and interviews targeting the general public. As the next step representative statements were chosen randomly and reduced in number to a final 25 statement samples for the purposes of this study. The methodology of a Q-study does not infer the characteristics of the population sample from the sample, selecting of the P-sample is likewise not governed probabilistic sampling methods. Finally, in this research, 41 people were selected as the P-sample.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.35-47
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• 2022

The study is to analyze the role of highschool youth group in a rural regeneration project. The process of youth group becoming subjective in resident participation plan was classified into isolation reduction, self-awareness, perspective-taking, subjectivity practice, and opinion expression. Isolation reduction is a stage in which youth group is gradually drawn into the community from a limited society of home and school, self-awareness is a stage in which they discover their thoughts, and view perspective-taking is a stage in which they objectify themselves and surroundings through communication with other members of the region, social experiment was analyzed as a practice of subjectivity that experiences leadership guiding the local community independently, and expressing opinions is a stage of representing the region and giving responsibility for the specific issue of the implementation plan. The study is also an analysis of how residents committee, local governments, and local research institutes perform both regeneration and community revitalization in rural areas. Therefore, the analysis of the cooperative organization of these institutions was conducted simultaneously. The leadership program was effectively linked to the project of rural regeneration. Since high school students themselves are family members of the local people, the process of accepting the project is unaffected, and the feasibility of the project is also increased, such as forming a positive atmosphere for the project and easing resistance to minority opinions.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.445-457
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• 2022

The purposes of this research are to identify the subjective perception type of science and engineering graduates about good university and to analyze the differences of their undergraduates' experiences among types. Using Q methodology, 29 statements about a good university, reflecting on the previous research as well as quality assurance criteria in higher education, were administered to 16 science and engineering graduates for ranking using a Q-sort procedure. As a result 16 graduates were classified into three types according to their preference for 29 statements. Type 1, oriented student experience, recognized that a good university encourages students to participate in various activities and experiences. Type 2, oriented institutional outcomes, recognized that a good university is ranked high in criteria such as employment rate, research outcome, and entrance exam scores etc. Type 3, oriented educational activity, recognized that a good university is regarded as a community focusing on teaching and learning. Finally, considering the finding of the research, some pedagogical and administrational implications were suggested for quality improvement in higher education.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.160-181
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• 1996

This study measures the subjectivity(opinions, attitudes) of college women. Identifying the schemata (structure of subjectivity) would be a basic step for the sexual educational program and alternative strategies of sexual harassment. More concretely, those following research questions are focused. 1) The subjective schemata : find out typologies based on the opinions and attitudes toward the sexual harassment. 2) Applications : describe the characteristics of each type. 3) Alternatives : provide suggestion of the alternative strategies for solving the sexual harassment problems of women. Q-Methodological method was used for that purpose. As the research method, Q-statements were collected preliminary to the study of through indepth interviews and a literature review. For the study 34 Q-statements were selected. There were 48 college women as subjects for the research. The 48 college women sorted the 34 statements using the principle of Forced Normal Distribution. The principle of Forced Normal Distribution, which has nine scales to measure the individual opinions, was called. Q-Factor Analysis by using PC Quanl Program to supply the material. According to the outcomes of this study, there were four categories of special opinion about the sexual harassment in college women. The first type is called Blaming offenders type. This type is to hold offenders accountable. The second type is called Preventive alternative strategies type. This type is to take preventive measures. The third type is called Blaming social structure type. This type is to hold the society as a whole responsible. The fourth type is called Blaming victims type. This type is to hold victims accountable. As a result, We not need to change our perspective of women's health problems and need to develop realistic way of caring those women in suffering women's problems. Followings are to be suggested of the alternative strategies for solving the sexual harassment problems. Finally, The result of the study will provide us the clue for developing the sexual educational program and alternative strategies for women's sexual harassment problems.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.992-1002
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• 1998

This study measures the subjectivity(opinions·attitudes)of college women. Identifying the schemata(structure of subjectivity) would be a basic step for the women's health education and the promotion to alternative strategies of women's health nursing. More concretely, these following research questions are focused. 1) The subjective schemata : find out typologies based on the opinions and attitudes toward the health lifestyle. 2) Applications : describe the characteristics of each type. 3) Alternatives : provide suggestion of the promotion to alternative strategies for women's health nursing. Q- Methodological method was used for that purpose. As for the research method, Q-statements were preliminary collected in the study from through in-depth interviews and a literature review. For the study 36 Q-statements were selected. 33 college women were used as subjects for research. The 33 college women sorted the 36 statements using the principle of Forced Normal Distribution. The principle of Forced Normal Distribution, which has nine scales to measure the individual opinions, was called. Q-Factor Analysis by using PC Quanl Program to supply the material. According to the outcomes of this study, there were three categories of special opinions about the health lifestyle in college women. The first type is called Initiatived Health Management Type. The second type is called Social Activity Centered Type. The third type is called Positive Outlook Type. Through the result of this study, the health lifestyle could be identified by 3 types, therefore the nurses needed to understand each women's meaning to health lifestyle so they could develop the appropriate nursing intervention based the typology of the health lifestyle this study explored. Finally, The result of the study will provide clues for developing a nursing interventional program and alternative strategies for the health promotion lifestyle in college women.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.5-17
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• 1999

This study was designed to determine the schemata and their characteristics of stress experience the subjectivity of stress experience(structure of subjectivity) would be a basic step for the effective clinical education through the stress management for characteristics of these types. Q-methodological method was used for that purpose. The research method statements were collected prior to the study through indepth interviews. For the study, 31 Q-statements were selected. There were 34 nursing students as subjects for the research. The 34 nursing students sorted the 31 statements using the principal of forced normal distribution. The principle of forced normal distribution, which has 9 scales to measure the individual opinions, was called. Q-factor analysis by using PC QUANL program supply the material. According to the outcomes of this study, there were 3 types of special opinion about the stress experience of clinical practice. The first type is called 'Influence of practical atmosphere type'. Members of this type experienced stress by an inadequate orientation and undesirable role model of nursing. The second type is called 'conflict of nursing role type'. Members of this type experienced stress by an inadequate orientation and undesirable role model of nursing. The third type is called 'Lack of confidence type'. Members of this type experienced stress because of a lack of confidence for their own nursing knowledge and skill. As a result, we now need further study to identify individual psychological aspects of stress for clinical practice. The findings will guide the development in effective approaches for clinical education. Finally, the result of the study will provide us the need for developing systematic and integrated practice education program for students and active involvement of clinical instructor.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.103-122
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• 1998

This study measures the subjectivity(opinions attitudes) of college women. Identifying the schemata (structure of subjectivity) would be a basic step for the sexual educational program and alternative strategies of induced abortion. More concretely, those following research questions are focused. 1) The subjective schemata : find out typologies based on the opinions and attitudes toward the induced abortion. 2) Applications : describe the characteristics of each type. 3) Alternatives : provide suggestion of the alternative strategies for solving the induced abortion problems of women. Q-Methodological method was used for that purpose. As the research method, Q-statements were collected preliminary to the study of through in-depth interviews and a literature review. For the study 34 Q-statements were selected. There were 48 college women as subjects for the research. The 48 college women sorted the 34 statements using the principle of Forced Normal Distribution. The principle of Forced Normal Distribution, which has nine scales to measure the individual opinions, was called. Q-Factor Analysis by using PC Quanl Program to supply the material. According to the outcomes of this study, there were four categories of special opinion about the induced abortion in college women. The first type is called Practical type. The second type is called Responsible type. The third type is called Ambivalent type. As a result, We now need to change our perspective of women's health problems and need to develop realistic way of caring those women in suffering women's problems. Followings are to be suggested of the alternative strategies for solving the induced abortion problems. Finally, The result of the study will provide us the clue for developing the sexual educational program and alternative strategies for women's induced abortion problems.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.306-316
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• 2018

This research studies voter's value and attitude reflected by the politician's overall image and scrutinizes the separate structures of the voters' subjectivity on the matter. Objective of the research is to explain the influence that exercises on voters' political actions through this procedure. On this research, there were 32 Q samples that are selected, and they were categorized by a pool of 20 people. Result showed total of 3 different categories of cognition patterns towards Gyeonggi-do Governor Lee Jae Myeong. Of the 3 categories, category 1 (N=4) was a reformer with apparent principles and initiatives, category 2 (N=12) was an efficient tactician with executive ability, and the last category 3 (N=4) was a populist that strives to achieve his political ambition. Opinion of the samples in the first category was that Governor Lee is the right guy for demolishing the barrier between vested class and the non-vesting in the society. Voters in the second category showed expectation for Governor Lee's executive policies that satisfy the voters, given his abilities proven while he was in mayor's office for Seongnam city. People in the pool of category 3 worried that Governor Lee is busy increasing his approval rating and popularity by asserting unrealistic opinions and impractical policies.