• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.107-126
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• 2001

The interest in environmental issues and the awareness of the importance of environmental education have been increasing. This research was carried out in part to respond to such a change, and it aims to search for and suggest ways to strengthen subject-based environmental education in Korea, the most significant part of the formal environmental education. One of the most important of this research was understanding the present status of environmental education of elementary, middle, and high schools in Korea, which was conducted by the questionnaire survey targeted to teachers on the subject-based environmental education. The survey was carried out comprehensively to include respondents from technical and home economics course as well as from vocational high schools. Through this survey, we gained information on the awareness of teachers and students on the objective, learning-teaching strategies and evaluation of environmental education as well as an understanding of the present status of environmental education in schools of Korea.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2004

In Korea environmental education has been taught as a separate subject in school since 1995. Still it has not established its own individuality. The environment subject teaches many areas that are also taught by the other subjects. Its text focuses on the knowledge of ecology and pollution although it tries to help students acquire a desirable attitude for environmental conservation and participate in environmental activities. To achieve the goals of environmental education in school, the environment subject and the other subjects should take differentiated parts in environmental education. For example, the latter teach knowledge and skill related to ecology and pollution and the former encourages students to behave responsibly to environment. One of the ways for it to do so is to let students discuss current environmental issues based on knowledge and skill and make their own decisions. The teacher who is charged with the subject has to help students, with their own will, decide to do good to environment and sustainable society, but should not make them to decide according to their teacher's will. We need to deeply discuss, with open mind, what the environment subject will teach and how it will cooperate with the other subjects to effectively achieve the goals of environmental education in school. Without such partitioning it is difficult that the environment subject keeps its own individuality and justifies its existence.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.64-75
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• 1999

The goals of moral education according to the 7th educational curriculum are (1) to learn the basic life custom and ethical norms necessary to desirable life, (2) to develop the judgment to solve desirably and practically the ethical matters in daily life, (3) to develop the sound citizenship, national identity and consciousness, and the consciousness of world peace and mankind's mutual prosperity, and (4) to develop the ethical propensity to practice the ideal and principle of life systematically Based on the goals in the above, the following can be established as goals of environmental education possible: (1) to learn judgment to solve practically the environmental problems in the society with their ethical understanding, and (2) to recognize that environmental consciousness is the basic necessity of sound citizenship and national identity and consciousness, and mankind's mutual prosperity, and to have attitudes to practice environmental preservation in daily life. Like these, the intellectual aspect, the affective aspect, and the active aspect can be established in the environmental education in the ethics education keeping their balance. In order to achieve its goals, the contents of ethics subject are organized largely with 4 domains: (1) individual life, (2) home life, life with neighbors, and school life, (3) social life, and (4) national life. Among these, environmental education is mainly included in the domain of social life. These contents concerning environmental education take 22 (32.4%) out of the whole 68 teaching factors which are taught in the ethics subject from the 3rd grade to 10th grade. These 22 environmental teaching factors are mainly related to environmental ethics, environmental preservation and measures, and sound consumption life. Classified according to each goal, the environmental contents in the 7th curriculum for ethics subject put emphasis on environmental value and attitudes, action and participation, and information and knowledge. Therefore, the recommendable teaching and learning method for the environmental education in ethics subject is to motivate students' practice or to make them practice in person. For example, role-play model, value-conflict model, group study model can be applied according to the topics of environmental education.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.133-143
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• 2004

This study aims to explore the ways in spreading and maturing of environmental Education(EE) in secondary school. To deal with this issue, researchers investigate the actual conditions of EE and grope for the ways in spreading and maturing of EE. According to investigation, the selecting rate of environment subject in secondary school is about 3%(compared selecting rate of other subject matters) in 2003. Based on the result, this study suggests followings. First, sequencing strategy of EE curriculum will be expected very efficaciously. Secondly, there is need to empasize daily experiences of EE beyond the formal subject matter. Thirdly and ultimately, thers is need to reform school curriculum centered EE. Moreover, there is need to empasize teacher education for the environment not only pre service but also in-service teacher training.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.83-96
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• 2009

This article extracted feasible elements for an environmental education program from the 'Intelligent Life', an integrated subject of the 7th elementary school curriculum, and designed a program for second graders in the elementary school and applied it to them in order to examine how the students' environmental altitudes changed. In the controlled class, the instruction followed the lessons specified in the 7th national curriculum faithfully while for the experimental class 1, only the inquiry activity-based environmental education program was applied. Moreover, in experimental class 2, the inquiry activity-based environmental education program was implemented and wrap-up activity was performed as well with the products. To verify the program, questionnaires on the change of environmental altitudes were distributed and analyzed total three times in the pretest, posttest 1(right after the program), and posttest 2(30 days after the program). T-test was carried out with the SPSS 12 program to verify the effect of the applied program. To make up for the quantitative analysis, qualitative analysis was also conducted. The followings show the results gained after the program was implemented. First, This program showed a significant difference(p<.05) in the students' formation of environmental altitudes. Second, it was verified that the inquiry activity-based environmental education class that reorganized the second grade elementary students' 'Intelligent Life' subject had a more positive effect in the cultivation of environmental altitude than the class that followed the present curriculum as it was. It will be necessary to perform follow-up researches on the relativity between curricula for kindergarteners and lower grade elementary school students.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.18 no.1 s.26
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• pp.1-30
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• 2005

Environmental education as worldwide sustainable education is effective when it is carried out as early as possible. But we do not have any aims and textbooks for environmental education in the elementary school. The purpose of this study is systematizing environmental syllabus as sustainable education. To achieve this purpose, firstly, the meaning of environmental education as sustainable education was conceptualized, secondly, the aims of environmental education was set up, thirdly, domains of environmental education was revised, and lastly, the syllabus for environmental instruction were created for each grade. Literature review was practiced over 143 textbooks and teacher's guidebooks from the 4th to 7th curriculum period. The result of this study follows. First, environmental education as sustainable education in the elementary school was conceptualized as an integrative education to keep the lifelong education and welfare. Second, the synthetic aim of environmental education as sustainable education in the elementary school was set up as 'cultivating desirable environmental people that behave for the sustainable future with environment-friendly value and attitude. Third, our environmental domains were divided into 11-12 independent areas, and ESSD (Environmentally Sound and Sustainable Development) was located on the subcategory of environmental domain. These domains were revised into three environmental domains and five sub-domains. Fourth, according to the aims of environmental education as sustainable education and five environmental domains, 253 objectives were established. Fifth, objectives of environmental education of 10 subject matters and integrative objectives were presented. Sixth, based on the objectives of domains and subject matters, 255 contents for environmental education in the elementary school were abstracted and distributed to each grade in the consideration of balance among domains and appropriateness of grades. Seventh, analytic results of textbooks of 7th curriculum shows heavy stress on the 'knowledge perception' section and deficiency on the altitudes and behavior section. The environment-related level and contents overlapped and fragmented deeply. Furthermore, 33 parts of textbooks could bring to mis-concept on environment.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.21 no.2 s.60
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• pp.69-83
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• 2006

This research aims to improve the environmental education for elementary student's education program. That let environmental education be connected to other curriculum with a compunction enhancement plan to the internal volume side of environmental education, and grope for activation of compunction environmental education with curriculum necessary paradigm conversion of education for continuance possibility in green education. In case of legal and system, improving of legal and system by establishment of the environmental education act for system repair and source of revenue preparation of environmental education is needed. Based on importance of teaching-education and evaluation, it must be developed various teaching-education ways of environmental education in case of curriculum and an improvement of teaching-education ways and evaluation must be performed. After teaching-education about environmental education has been executed, a teaching-education improvement must be performed by evaluation.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to investigate the present status of environmental education administration in the middle schools of Seoul City and to find problems to be solved environmental education in middle schools. To accomplish these purpose surveys for middle school teachers in Seoul was conducted, and evaluation reports of school environmental education of 1998 were analyzed. The results indicated that both schools and Ministry of Education offered few evaluation standards related to environmental education. Most schools abolished division of environmental affairs because of the reorganization of school system, which focuses on subject and aptitude-based education. In addition, environmental education and related activities were maily the responsibilities of division of science education. The teachers responded that such activities as organization and management of mothers'social service, management of environment day, use of environmental conservation card, and establishment of conservation area were not effective and should be abolished. The conclusion from this study are that environmental education can be effective only when goals of environmental education are included in school evaluation, and the division of environmental affairs should be revived and systematically operated in school.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.15-30
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• 2009

This study focuses on the comparison of PBL and GBS. PBL is a famous model that emphasizes diversity of students and self directed learning within the theory of constructivism. GBS has not been studied that extensively. GBS is most similar to PBL but this model has not been actively applied to school education. This study focuses on how to enhance students' interest in an educational environment that is encompassing a new and changing teach-learn paradigm and the development of new technology. Furthermore, PBL and GBS methods were compare actively applied to "Environmental Education" to make the students learn self-directed education through the transformation of one's environmental awareness. Specifically, the models were applied to the "Ecology and Environment" subject taught in general high schools and the degree of 'environmental literacy' were measured, From March to May of 2007, the PBL and GBS models were applied to 3rd grade students at D high school and the subject was 'Ecology and Environment'. The students were divided according to age into groups of $5{\sim}7$. The PBL group attempted to solve the given problems and the GBS group carried out their missions. In conclusion, after analyzing the 'environmental literacy' survey results by SPSS 12.0, just 'Knowledge of Ecology (KEOC)' and 'Locus of Control (LOC)' were slightly significant in PBL. This shows that PBL enhances the students' problem solving ability and thinking power. This is a result of the enhancement of students' problem-solving and thinking abilities through PBL. Students can learn many things because they completed their projects based on their experience and knowledge, both individually and interpersonally. We have to study how to apply PBL and GBS to the education field in spite of the many limited conditions. Therefore, this study looks at the application of PBL and GBS in environmental education and suggests specific strategies for educators who want to apply GBS and PBL and adapt them into their education curricula.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.251-274
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status and problems in environmental education by schools which was newly established in the 6th curriculum and to propose the future agendas for environmental education. Then, we have investigated teachers' consciousness about environmental education and analysed the 6th curriculum and textbooks at primary and secondary school levels. The result of this study was as follows. 1. Most teachers thought of 'participation' as important goal of environmental education, but they actually could not practice it because of various preventing factors. 2. Most teachers thought that there were no efforts to reform textbook system and school conditions. 3. The content and goal of environmental education was duplicated and vague in each subject. The suggestions for the improvement of the environmental education based on these conclusions were as follows. 1. The systematic goal strategy of environmental education must be established. 2. We must allot appropriate roles to each environment related subjects for efficient environmental education 3. The opportunity for pre-service and in-service for teachers of environmental education must be expanded.