• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.55-64
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• 1997

Experiments done in traditional physics laboratories have been criticized for giving too detailed instruction so that student could follow the experimental procedure without understanding. This type of experiment is often called "cookbook experiment." Cookbook experiment was known to be little help to understand the physics concepts and to increase student interest. To solve these problems with traditional cookbook experiment, non-directive introductory physics laboratory was designed and tried with the freshmen of Department of Physics Education of Seoul National University. Non-directive laboratory was characterized by the lack of step by step instruction for students to follow. The instruction students received consisted of the goal of experiment, a short introduction, and a list of suggested materials to be used. Student designed the experimental procedure and decided what material they wanted to use. One group submitted one lab report as a group to encourage cooperation among students. Lab report could be written in any form students wanted and no penalty point was given to poor data or inappropriate theory, etc to encourage taking risks. Penalty points were given if the students did not get involved during class hours. Student received extra point for being creative and / or working hard. Teaching assistants used Socratic dialogue in helping students to find their own way instead of explaining what they had to do. Students' interest about the non-directive experiment was studies at the of the semester. A questionnaire was made for students to answer. The questionnaire consisted of four categories, the equipment and the laboratory, the experimental procedure, the lab report, and teaching assistant. For each category, student were asked to explain the differences from other laboratory classes, features they liked and the reasons why they do, features they did not like and why they did not. At the end of the questionnaire, students were asked what hey wanted to change and what they did not. They also could put any opinion they had other than the questions asked. Student overall opinion was very positive. All the students said they liked the lack of detailed experimental procedure because it gave them the feeling of achievement, made them feel challenged and think in more diverse and creative ways. Students liked the lab report because group report forced them to discuss more and the free form lab report helped them to focus on the what they did. Student responses about the teaching assistant was also positive but not as enthusiastic as the experimental procedure or lab report. However students recognised that the role of the teaching assistant was as a guide, a supporter, or a facilitator.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.207-213
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• 1997

Basic science teaching and clinical education should be integrated whenever appropriate, and the development of skills, values, and attitudes which are emphasized to the same extent as the acquisition of knowledge in nursing. Problem-based learning provides a students-centered learning environment and encourages an inquisitive style of learning. The purpose of this paper is to review and comment the role of tutors and students on problem-based learning. The use of problem-based learning places a high demand on faculty members' time and support. The role of tutors in Problem-based learning focuses primarily on issues of developing and teaching the curriculum and on organizational implementation and institutionalization. Tutors are an integral part of course planning. Tutors serve as a constant source of feedback on student needs and concerns to the course director and constitute an informal steering committee while the course is in progress. Tutors write cases, develop student evaluation methods, recommend resources, suggest modifications in lectures and laboratories. Students have a limited amount of time available to study what is traditionally defined as the core content of nursing. But, the role of students in Problem-based learning would be active, independent learners and problem-solvers rather than passive recipients of information. Students using a deep level approach attempt to integrate what they learn with what they already know, to understand the meaning underlying the material to be learned, and to look for explanations rather than facts. Students are encouraged, with appropriate guidance, to define their own learning goals, to select appropriate experiences to achieve these goals, and to be responsible for assessing their own learning progress. Problem-based learning is more flexible and meaningful, by encouraging student interaction, and by having a better emotional climate than the conventional learning.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.283-294
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• 2011

이 연구는 개정된 물리교과서에 포함된 현대물리학 소재인 특수 상대성 이론에 대해 고등학생의 인지 수준을 고려하고 학습자의 주도적 수업참여를 구현하기 위하여 '가상현실'과 '사건도표' 활동이 포함된 수업방법을 고안하여 그 효과를 정량적이고 정성적으로 분석하는 데 목적이 있다. 특수상대론 개념 학습 프로그램을 통한 수업과 전통적 수업은 선택 후 설명식 문항의 전반적인 성취도에서 유의미한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 프로그램 수업을 이수한 학생은 복합 개념 형 문항의 성취도는 유의미하게 높게 나타났다. 특수 상대론적 역설문제에서는 프로그램 수업집단은 전통적 수업집단보다 통계적으로 유의미하게 높은 성취도를 나타내었다. 프로그램 수업집단 학생들은 역설문제 해결과정에서 특수 상대론적 현상을 좌표계의 틀 위에서 객관적으로 설명하는 좌표계 의존 형 문제 해결방식의 특성을 나타내었다. 전통적 수업집단의 학생들은 특수 상대론적 현상을 불완전하거나 잘못된 좌표계 개념으로 설명하였고 사건의 순서를 관찰자의 직관에 의존하여 판단하는 관찰자 의존형 문제 해결방식을 나타내었다. 특수 상대론적 효과가 시각화된 영상을 보고 사건도표라는 가상의 시공간을 노트에 그려보고 생각하는 활동은 학생들에게 도약판을 만들어 주는 하나의 방법으로 제안한다.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.25-46
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• 2006

도서관활용수업은 학교도서관의 다양한 자료를 활용하구 사서교사의 도움을 받을 수 있다는 점에서 일반 교실 수업과 구별된다. 따라서 도서관활용수업은 학생들이 학교도서관에서 정보자료를 이용하는 활동과 관련어 있으며, 사서교사가 도서관활용수업 시간에 학생들의 정보활동을 어떻게 지원하고, 도와줄 것이냐에 중점을 두어야 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 정보활용과정의 모형을 비교 분석하여 학생들이 수행하는 정보활동을 추출하구 이 정보활동을 바탕으로 도서관활용수업 모형 (정보제시-안내형, 정보탐색-정리형, 정보분석-해석형, 정보종합-표현형, 정보탐구-프로젝트형, 정보탐구-토론형)을 제시하였다. 본고에서 제안한 도서관활용수업 모형은 실제 수업이 이루어지는 과정을 고려하여 수업 준비 및 계획, 도입, 전개, 정리로 구분하여 구조화하였다. 또한 각 단계별로 도서관활용수업에 참여하는 주체 즉, 교과교사와 사서교사, 학생이 수행해야 할 각각의 역할과 활동으로 구분하여 제시하였다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.101-113
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 과학 교육 문헌에서 학생들의 실행에서 행위주체성의 어떠한 측면에 주목해왔으며 이를 학습 공동체를 구성하는 행위주체의 행위로서 어떻게 탐색해왔는지 검토하였다. 그 결과, 행위주체성이 크게 다섯 가지 측면에서 논의되었다는 점을 보였다. 행위주체로서 학생들의 실행은 인식적, 변화적, 실천적 측면에서 논의되었고, 행위주체인 학생들이 상호작용하는 학문 영역과 물질의 행위주체성 또한 논의되었음을 살펴보았다. 연구 결과에서 각 측면에 주목할 때 어떠한 구조적 특성을 지닌 활동 속에서 행위주체성을 어떻게 포착하고 논의하였는지 설명하였다. 이러한 논의를 바탕으로, 공동체를 구성하는 행위주체로서의 학생들의 실행을 각 문헌에서 구체적으로 어떻게 분석했는지 검토하였다. 그 결과를 학습 공동체 전반의 행위주체성에 주목한 경우, 초점을 맞춘 한 학생이 공동체의 활동 구조에 미치는 영향에 주목한 경우, 여러 학생들 사이의 상호작용에 주목한 경우로 구분하여 살펴보았다. 각 경우에 학습과 행위주체성을 해석한 관점과 그러한 연구가 지니는 시사점을 연구 결과에서 논의하였다. 본 연구는 학생들이 학습 공동체의 주체로서 역할을 하는 모습을 탐색하고 이를 지원하려는 노력에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2006년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.352-361
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• 2006

The grouting method is widely used in construction to reduce permeability and reinforce the ground. If the cement and grout material are not mixed well in the injection tip equipment, an opposite flow and Interception state of the chemical grouting can occur. McG method installs a special grouting device to allow better mixing of the grouting material and prevent backward flow. The block of nozzle also diversify powder rate of cement. YSS that lowers $Na_2O$ and thereby increases durability is developed by gel-forming reaction material. In this study, the seepage state and unconfined compressive strength of the injection material using the special injection tip equipment is tested. The results of laboratory and field tests clearly demonstrate that the strength increases and permeability decreases using the McG method.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.203-213
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• 2004

We developed an enrichment program material for the mathematically gifted students in the first grade. The contents were selected and organized based on creative competency improving, increasing of interest, inquiry various activity, interdisciplinary approaches, and the enrichment contents from modern mathematics.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.111-119
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• 2001

Over the years, the benefits of instructional manipulatives in mathematics education have been verified by classroom practice and educational research. The purpose of this paper is to introduce how the instructional material, specifically, geoboard could be used and integrated in elementary mathematics classroom in order to develop student's mathematical concepts and process in terms of the following areas: (1) Number '||'&'||' Operation : counting, fraction '||'&'||' additio $n_traction/multiplication (2) Geometry : geometric concepts (3) Geometry : symmetry '||'&'||' motion (4) Measurement : area '||'&'||' perimeter (5) Probability '||'&'||' Statistics : table '||'&'||' graph (6) Pattern : finding patterns Further, future study will continue to foster how manipulatives will enhance children's mathematics knowledge and influence on their mathematics performance.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.205-221
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• 2002

Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is a tool used in planning development strategies and projects, and its use has been adopted into planning regulations in a number of countries. EIA has progressed from the consideration of pollution assessment, through the wider range of ecological assessment. Now EIA is required to consider the textbook of university students. Students taking lesson on EIA textbook are generally majoring in a variety of subjects, including environmental engineering, environmental health, environmental science, city planning, civil engineering, public policy, economics, and applied earth sciences. However, substantiality program of teaching material on EIA textbook has not been studied at expert society in the meantime, though a number of EIA textbook have been published every year in Korea. In current study, we presented the point at issue and improvement method of teaching material of EIA for student using domestic and foreign teaching materials and papers.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.15-28
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between the concept of heat and that of temperature for elementary students. Eight multiple choice type questions with explanation of reasons for selection were developed based on previous researches and the analysis of science curriculum for elementary students. The students of 9, 10, 11 years(n=292) were selected from two elementary schools in Taegu City. The responses of students' multiple choice and their explanations were analysed in each items χ² test used for the relationships between types of heat and temperature conceptions Half of elementary student could discriminate the two terms of heat and temperature, majority of them thought that heat is likely to be hot and temperature is the quantity of heat, which is not based on scientific conception. Elementary students thinkings about heat could be classified with material type of heat and molecular kinematics type. Material type of heat were more popular than with molecular kinematics type, although the latter is increased. Majority of students answered correctly in qualitative questions of mixing of hot and cold water, but about only one third of them answers in quantitative questions. Subtraction of cold temperature from hot temperature was the most popular explanation, even though one-quarter of students summed up the two temperature in quantitative situation of mixing hot and cold waters. Those who thought heat as the molecular kinetic responded more correctly in most difficult questions than those who as the material. Therefore, we concluded that the types of heat conceptions affected the concept formation of temperature.