• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.892-900
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to use phenomenological perspectives to identify the meaning and structure of the observational experience of labor and delivery by student nurses in the clinical setting. The participants were 115 junior and senior students from Christian College of Nursing in Kwang Ju. The students were asked to write about their observational experience in the delivery room. Colaizzi's method was used for phenomenological analysis. The investigator analysed the data to identify and categorize themes and basic structural elements. Twelve themes and eight basic structure were identified. The process of the observational experience in labor and delivery has three proposed phases : anticipatory, observational and post-observational. In the anticipatory phase, nursing students were related only to the event of anticipated labor and delivery of clients. Structure 1, feeling of expectation and fear, was identified. In the observational phase, students were related to the labor and delivery situation, a woman delivered and a newborn. Structure 2, shock and suffering, was identified in relation to the labor and delivery situation. Structure 3, need for caring and satisfaction, was identified in relation to the woman delivered. Structure 4, feeling of mystery and joy, was identified in relation to the newborn. In the post-observational phase, relations between students and the life of a human being, students and self in the future, students and their mothers and students and women and God appeared. And in these relations 〈structure 5, valuable〉, 〈structure 6, feeling of expectation and fear〉, 〈structure 7, love and appreciation〉 and 〈structure 8, greatness〉 were identified.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.129-140
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• 2009

The purpose of the present study is to investigate frequency related information and syllable structure constraints on Sino-Korean. Previous studies on Sino-Korean have mostly investigated the historical change of sounds and reviewed archaic features of Chinese language in Sino-Korean. Unfortunately, there is little study on the sounds of contemporary Sino-Korean in terms of syllable structure constraints. For the purpose of the present study, sounds of 7,742 Chinese characters used in Sino-Korean (7,795 syllables) were investigated and syllable matrices made based on the results of frequency related information. As a result, 483 syllable types were observed and the most frequently observed syllables were as follows: /ku/ (103) > /ki/ (100) > /ju/ (87) > /pi/ (86). Only 16 out of 19 consonants are used for Sino-Korean. /$t^{\ast}$/ and /$p^{\ast}$/ are never used in Sino-Korean and /kh, $s^{\ast}$, $k^{\ast}$/ occur only a few times (3, 2, 1 respectively). /k/ (17.5%) shows the highest frequency and /n, ${\eta}$, 1, tc, m/ occupied the next rankings. Among 20 vowel types, /a/ showed the highest frequency and /o, u, i, $j{\Lambda}$, ${\Lambda}$/ occupied the next rankings. Based on the syllable matrices, gaps were observed and classified into accidental or systematic ones. Onset and nucleus, nucleus and coda, onset and coda, and other syllable structure constraints of Sino-Korean were listed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.37-48
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was investigated to identify the relationship among hospital nursing organizational structure(decentralization, communication, bed/nurse ratio), process(nurses' job satisfaction, nurses' clinical experiences, nurses' unit experiences), and nursing outcome(patient satisfaction, physiologic adaptation, length of stay, number of complication). Method: The subjects consisted of 86 hysterectomy patients and 23 nurses in gynecology unit. Data were collected from May 16, 2002 to August 15. 2003 by the structured questionnaires and chart review. Data analysis was done with ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, path analysis. Result: Relationship between organizational structure and process ; Bed/nurse ratio was negatively related to nurses' job satisfaction(r=- .37, p<.05), and nurses' clinical experience(r=- .69, p<.00). Decentralization(r=.42, p<.05) and comunication(r=.61, p<.00) were positively related to nurses' clinical experiences. Relationship between process and nursing outcome ; There was a significant relationship between nurses' unit experiences and patient satisfaction(r=.63, p<.00), nurses' job satisfaction and physiologic adaptation(r= .44, p<.05), nurses' unit experiences and physiologic adaptation(r=.64, p<.00), Relationship between organizational structure and nursing outcome ; Decentralization and communication were positively related to patient satisfaction(r=.86, p<.00 ; r=.88, p<.00) and physiologic adaptation(r=,51, p<.01, r=.64, p<.00). Conclusion: Nurses' unit experience, communication, decentralization were significant variables for patient satisfaction. Nurses' unit experience, nurses' job satisfaction, communication were significant variables for patient physiologic adaptation.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07a
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• pp.337-338
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to find out main factors affecting public enterprise's environment, which improves the performance of public enterprise. In detail, under the premises of keeping publicity in Korea Electricity Industry, the main target of this study is to seek after factors enhancing entrepreneurship and deals with publicity which is related with entrepreneurship. Questionnaires are distributed to the employee of public enterprise, public servants, and civil corps. A total of 553 copies are collected. The main contents of questionnaires are related with the effect of publicity and entrepreneurship by government control, competitive environment, and shareholding structure in Korea Electricity Power Corporation(KEPCO). The results of this survey are as follows : First, government control is negatively related to the entrepreneurship while it is positively related to the publicity. Second, this survey shows that competitive environment has a positive influence on promoting both publicity and entrepreneurship. Third, this survey in connection with shareholding structure indicates that present structure in KEPCO has a positive effect on publicity but negative effect on entrepreneurship. According to this empirical results, it is verified that the main issues on the performance of KEPCO are related with the level of government control and competitive environment in its industry.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.565-568
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• 2009

Most of the historic hot springs are artesian wells in Korea. However, many boreholes have been drilled due to the shortage of hot water, and hot water is now being pumped by submersible pump installed at most of hot spring areas. The distribution of boreholes are expected to be related to the geological structure, and the study was carried out to interpret the relationship between two factors. The distributional maps of boreholes were made and the geological structures were interpreted at eight hot spring areas. Some distributions of boreholes have no special direction, and these are not related to the geological structure at Dogo, Suanbo, and Deoksan. The others are consistent with the direction of the geological structure at Goseong, Onyang, Sokcho, Yuseong, and Bugok.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.1 no.1 s.1
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• pp.20-29
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• 1998

State of the art and current issues related with the RC and PSC structure system for the German magnetic levitation train "Transrapid" were investigated. The German magnetic levitation train adopted a new kind of a structure to enable high-speed transportation, which allows the use of the space over a ground. The loading from Transrapid is light-weight compared with a regular train due to load distribution to a supporting structure. Therefore, Transrapid is considered an economical and efficient transportation system, and is also an environmentally-sustainable structure. In this paper, the structural design and construction technology specific to a magnetic levitation train were discussed, and structural considerations related with an actual operation of the train were pointed out. In addition, the future research area of a magnetic levitation train was proposed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Language and Information Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.25-58
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• 2001

This study explores the lexical-semantic structure of derived causative verbs in Korean based on Pustejovsky(1995)'s Generative Lexicon Theory (GL), Mor-phological causative verbs are derived from their root stems by affixing ‘-i, -hi, -li, -gi’ in Korean and the meanings of derived predicates are closely related to the meanings of their root verbs. In particular, the change of the ARGUMENT STRUCTURE by morphological derivation leads to the change of the EVENT STRUCTURE. In this study, causation is defined as the cause-effect relation having a causer. The ARGUMENT STRUCTURES of derived causative verbs includes a causer argument, which is added to the ARGUMENT STRUCTURE of their root verbs. Their EVENT STRUCTURE has a headed process related to a causer and their result is the event which their root verbs represent. This approach can also suggest that the (in)directness of causative is determined by which verb is its root and explain the difference between the morphological causativization and the syntactic causativization in Korean.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.393-400
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• 2001

State of the art and current issues related with the RC and PSC structure system for the German magnetic levitation train were investigated. The German magnetic levitation train adopted a new kind of a structure to enable high-speed transportation, which allows the use of the space over a ground. The loading from Transrapid is light-weight compared with a regular train due to load distribution to a supporting structure. Therefore, Transrapid is considered an economical and efficient transportation system, and is also an environmentaly-sustainable structure, In this paper, the structural design and construction technology specific to a magnetic levitation train were discussed, and structural considerations related with an actual operation of the train were pointed out. In addition, the future research area of a magnetic levitation train was proposed.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2013

The inhibitory effect and the structure-activity relationships of luteolin and its related derivatives isolated from Taraxacum mongolicum against MAO activities were investigated. The activity-guided isolation of extract from Taraxacum mongolicum led to the isolation of three flavonoids, luteolin, diosmetin, and luteolin-7-glucoside, a polyphenol, chlorogenic acid, a tyrosine and a uridine. The inhibitory activities of luteolin and its related derivatives against MAOs activities are dependent on their molecular structures. The presence of the phenolic hydroxy group at para-position is the active site for MAO-A inhibition as well as of MAO-B. The methoxy group has no potential on MAO-A inhibition. An additional phenolic hydroxy group at the ortho-position alleviates about 4-fold MAO-A inhibitory activity of phenolic hydroxy group at para-position. A carboxylic group seems to be critical for DBH inhibition and has no effects on MAO.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.1350-1358
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• 2008

Recently the study related to life cycle cost analysis of railway structure consisted of a complex is proceeded covering several range, which is considering the methodology of efficiency and rationalization for maintenance and analysing long-time behavior of the structure of looking at standpoint from asset management and safety. But LCCA(life cycle cost analysis) of railway structure was almost impossible as there were not anything datum for maintenance plan, such as maintenance periods related to each of components(painting and corrosion of steel, and cracking of elements, etc)and maintenance proportion, despite of its 100-year history. According, for collecting data related to railway truss bridge, bridge record cards and testing safety papers, and researching question, etc are surveyed and classified for LCC Analysis. Especially, LCC assessment on the side of assets-maintenance considering about initial cost, maintenance cost, and indirect cost is constructed. Maintenance period and complementary measure rate are very important in maintenance. To decide maintenance period, Baysian updating method is applied.