• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.380-388
• /
• 2014

Background: The volume of surgery has been examined as a major source of variation in outcome after surgery. This study investigated the direct effect of surgery volume to in hospitals mortality and the moderating effect of structural complexity-the level of diversity and sophistication of technology a hospital applied in patient care-to the volume outcome relationship. Methods: Discharge summary data of 11,827 cancer patients who underwent surgery and were discharged during a month period in 2010 and 2011 were analyzed. The analytic model included the independent variables such as surgery volume of a hospital, structural complexity measured by the number of diagnosis a hospital examined, and their interaction term. This study used a hierarchical logistic regression model to test for an association between hospital complexity and mortality rates and to test for the moderating effect in the volume outcome relationship. Results: As structural complexity increased the probability of in-hospital mortality after cancer surgery reduced. The interaction term between surgery volume and structural complexity was also statistically significant. The interaction effect was the strongest among the patients group who had surgery in low volume hospitals. Conclusion: The structural complexity and volume of surgery should be considered simultaneously in studying volume outcome relationship and in developing policies that aim to reduce mortality after cancer surgery.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.141-158
• /
• 2001

This paper examines the effects of environmental uncertainty, structural decentralization, formalization, complexity and task interdependence on the information sharing through information system. 197 firms in Korea are surveyed and analyzed to investigate the relationship between the contextual variables and the information sharing. The result of multiple regression analysis shows that task interdependence, structural decentralization, complexity are significant factors to influence on the Information Sharing. Also, additional analysis shows that task interdependence, structural decentralization are major factors in service industry, and task interdependence, structural complexity are in manufacturing industry.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.1702-1721
• /
• 2019

A workflow process (or business process) management system helps to define, execute, monitor and manage workflow models deployed on a workflow-supported enterprise, and the system is compartmentalized into a modeling subsystem and an enacting subsystem, in general. The modeling subsystem's functionality is to discover and analyze workflow models via a theoretical modeling methodology like ICN, to graphically define them via a graphical representation notation like BPMN, and to systematically deploy those graphically defined models onto the enacting subsystem by transforming into their textual models represented by a standardized workflow process definition language like XPDL. Before deploying those defined workflow models, it is very important to inspect its syntactical correctness as well as its structural properness to minimize the loss of effectiveness and the depreciation of efficiency in managing the corresponding workflow models. In this paper, we are particularly interested in verifying very large-scale and massively parallel workflow models, and so we need a sophisticated analyzer to automatically analyze those specialized and complex styles of workflow models. One of the sophisticated analyzers devised in this paper is able to analyze not only the structural complexity but also the data-sequence complexity, especially. The structural complexity is based upon combinational usages of those control-structure constructs such as subprocesses, exclusive-OR, parallel-AND and iterative-LOOP primitives with preserving matched pairing and proper nesting properties, whereas the data-sequence complexity is based upon combinational usages of those relevant data repositories such as data definition sequences and data use sequences. Through the devised and implemented analyzer in this paper, we are able eventually to achieve the systematic verifications of the syntactical correctness as well as the effective validation of the structural properness on those complicate and large-scale styles of workflow models. As an experimental study, we apply the implemented analyzer to an exemplary large-scale and massively parallel workflow process model, the Large Bank Transaction Workflow Process Model, and show the structural complexity analysis results via a series of operational screens captured from the implemented analyzer.

• 공학교육연구
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.60-69
• /
• 2016

This paper deals with the selection method of effective engineering design problem based on LEGO Mindstorm NXT for basic design education. By YouTube case study of various LEGO-based engineering designs for olympic sports, performance criteria have been developed including programming complexity, structural complexity, sensor/actuator complexity and variety of game operation. Programming complexity includes range of programming code length and possible program variety. Structural complexity includes variety of structural elements such as length, shape, weight, and volume to overcome design restrictions. Sensor/actuator complexity includes variety of sensor used and number of possible actuator assemblies. Variety of game operation includes game complexity and required creativity to make LEGO robots. Based on these performance criteria, four representative sports were selected as the candidates for effective engineering design problem. Finally, feasibility and attributes of each candidate were verified by real implementation examples.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.321-336
• /
• 2022

Model uncertainty is a key factor that could influence the accuracy and reliability of numerical model-based analysis. It is necessary to acquire an appropriate updating approach which could search and determine the realistic model parameter values from measurements. In this paper, the Bayesian model updating theory combined with the transitional Markov chain Monte Carlo (TMCMC) method and K-means cluster analysis is utilized in the updating of the structural model parameters. Kriging and polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) are employed to generate surrogate models to reduce the computational burden in TMCMC. The selected updating approaches are applied to three structural examples with different complexity, including a two-storey frame, a ten-storey frame, and the national stadium model. These models stand for the low-dimensional linear model, the high-dimensional linear model, and the nonlinear model, respectively. The performances of updating in these three models are assessed in terms of the prediction uncertainty, numerical efforts, and prior information. This study also investigates the updating scenarios using the analytical approach and surrogate models. The uncertainty quantification in the Bayesian approach is further discussed to verify the validity and accuracy of the surrogate models. Finally, the advantages and limitations of the surrogate model-based updating approaches are discussed for different structural complexity. The possibility of utilizing the boosting algorithm as an ensemble learning method for improving the surrogate models is also presented.

• 전산구조공학
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.19-26
• /
• 2021

• 감성과학
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.567-578
• /
• 2013

The research is a correlational study to look for causes and factors relating to the design of written documents (professional reading materials) and identify those relationships that are useful for communication designers. The research specifically targeted the relationships between perception and reader's past experiences and appearance of the written documents. A preliminary survey, such as interviews, discussions, questionnaires and brainstorming sessions are conducted to establish the observable attributes related to perception which are reader's interests, importance of information and written documents complexity. Finally, the research used Structural Equation Model (SEM) to identify significant differences and analyze strong and weak correlations between these attributes. In general, the results of the study shows that the attribute appearances of a written documents with excellent visualizations for information display shows a strong correlation with interests while the attributes importance is weakly correlated with the complexity of the documents.

• 융합보안논문지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.29-34
• /
• 2010

SOA 기반의 응용 프로그램의 개발이 급격히 진전되는 시점에서 이에 따른 SOA 기반 소프트웨어의 품질평가는 중요하며 특히, 이러한 품질에 영향을 주는 중요한 요인 중의 하나가 시스템의 복잡도임을 고려할 때 SOA 기반 소프트웨어의 복잡도 측정은 중요하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 SOA기반 소프트웨어의 구조적 복잡도를 측정할 수 있는 메트릭을 제안한다. 제안한 메트릭은 시스템의 구조적인 관점에서 서비스의 크기 서비스의 깊이 및 상호종속도로 구성된다. 마지막으로 제안한 메트릭을 예제에 적용하여 본다.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
• /
• 제11D권4호
• /
• pp.865-872
• /
• 2004

웹 어플리케이션은 기존의 구조적 언어, 객체지향 언어 또는 4세대 언어로 개발된 기존의 어플리케이션과는 달리 웹 서버에서 실행되는 서버측 스크립트 요소와 웹 브라우저에서 실행되는 클라이언트 스크립트 요소. 그리고 문서의 내용을 표현하는 HTML 요소들이 결합된 구조를 가지고 있다. 그렇기 때문에 웹 어플리케이션 개발자들은 동시에 3가시 이상의 개발 언어를 사용하여야 한다. 웹 어플리케이션의 순환복잡도 (CCWA : Cyclomatic Complexity for Web Application) 매트릭은 웹 어플리케이션을 구성하고 있는 각 구성 요소들의 복잡도를 복합적으로 측정하도록 고안된 매트릭이다. 본 연구에서는 웹 어플리케이션의 순환복잡도 매트릭을 복잡도 수준 지시자와 함께 사용하여 웹 어플리케이션에 적용한다. 실무에서 개발된 10개의 중 대형 규모의 웹 어플리케이션에 이를 적용하여 기존의 어플리케이션과는 구별되는 복잡한 웹 어플리케이션의 유형을 MENU, FORM, CTRL, GEN의 4가지로 분석하였다. 이러한 분류는 웹 어플리케이션에 대한 공학적 접근에 다양하게 활용될 수 있다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제15권8호
• /
• pp.117-126
• /
• 2010

소프트웨어 복잡도는 대상 시스템의 유지보수성을 평가하는 주요한 메트릭인데 기존의 웹 어플리케이션 기반 복잡도는 대부분 단순히 개수 기반으로 정의되어 실제 개발자나 유지보수자의 관점에서 느끼는 이해도를 반영하기 어렵다. 이를 보완하기 위하여 정보이론의 엔트로피를 이용하여 복잡도를 정의할 수 있으나, 개별 페이지의 정보량을 동일하게 취급하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 웹 어플리케이션의 구조 복잡도를 유사도 및 정보이론에 기반하여 제안하였다. 즉, 엔트로피에 기반하되, 기존의 유사도를 이용하여 타 페이지들과 유사성이 높은 페이지의 내부 정보량은 그렇지 않은 페이지보다 낮도록 정의하여 이러한 단점을 보완하였다. 또한 관점에 따라 각기 다른 유사도를 적용할 수 있도록 함으로써 복잡도를 여러 관점에서 측정할 수 있도록 하였다. 이후 복잡도 속성을 이용하여 이론적으로 검증하였고, 사례 연구를 통하여 본 기법의 유용성을 보였다.